Implicações da disponibilidade de espaço no confinamento de bovinos de corte

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Pinos transcorticais e gesso associados à aplicação local de plasma rico em plaquetas no tratamento de fratura do III metatarsiano em potro

In horses less than one year of age fractures of the third metacarpal bone (McIII) or metatarsal bone III (MtIII) are mainly attributed to trauma. Open reduction and internal fixation are the most common treatment method. A Quarter Horse filly with three months of age, which weighed 150kg presented a diaphyseal multifragmentar wedge fracture of right MtIII which was treated with transcortical pins and cast, associated with intralesional application of platelet rich plasma (PRP). After two years of surgery, the animal initiated a training program for racing, and six months later, the patient ran its first official match. The choice of therapeutic methods for treating fractures in horses should be one that provides an earlier repair and minor possibility of complications. Thus, the therapy association which was adopted was considered favorable, since allowed full reestablishment of locomotion of the patient and made possible its return to race.

Gait analysis in giant anteater (myrmecophaga tridactyla) with the use of a pressure-sensitive walkway

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Colapso induzido pelo exercício em um Labrador Retriever

The exercise-induced collapse (EIC) is a hereditary disease characterized by muscle weakness, impaired locomotion and collapse after intense exercise. This autossomic recessive disorder affects mainly Labrador Retriever presenting the mutation c.767G>T in the dynamin 1 (DNM1) gene. The objective of this study is to report the first case of exercise-induced collapse in Labrador Retriever in Brazil. The molecular test detected the specific genetic mutation and confirmed the clinical diagnosis in a Labrador Retriever with clinical history of weakness and collapse after exercise. It is important to include this disease as part of the differential diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases in Labrador Retriever and use the molecular test to guide matings.

Histochemistry profile of the biceps brachii muscle fibres of capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella, Linnaeus, 1758)

A general analysis of the behaviour of "Cebus" shows that when this primate moves position to feed or perform another activity, it presents different ways of locomotion. This information shows that the brachial biceps muscle of this animal is frequently used in their locomotion activities, but it should also be remembered that this muscle is also used for other development activities like hiding, searching for objects, searching out in the woods, and digging in the soil. Considering the above, it was decided to research the histoenzimologic characteristics of the brachial biceps muscle to observe whether it is better adpted to postural or phasic function. To that end, samples were taken from the superficial and deep regions, the inserts proximal (medial and lateral) and distal brachial biceps six capuchin monkeys male and adult, which were subjected to the reactions of m-ATPase, NADH-Tr. Based on the results of these reactions fibres were classified as in Fast Twitch Glycolitic (FG), Fast Twitch Oxidative Glycolitic (FOG) and Slow Twitc (SO). In general, the results, considering the muscle as a whole, show a trend of frequency FOG>FG>SO. The data on the frequency were studied on three superficial regions FOG=FG>SO; the deep regions of the inserts proximal FOG=FG=SO and inserting the distal FOG>FG=SO. In conclusion, the biceps brachii of the capuchin monkey is well adapted for both postural and phasic activities.

Broilers'toes asymmetry and walking ability assessment

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Gait analysis in dogs with pelvic fractures treated conservatively using a pressure-sensing walkway

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Phenotypic, genetic and environmental parameters for traits related to femur bone integrity and body weight at 42 days of age in a broiler population

Intense selection among broilers, especially for performance and carcass traits, currently favors locomotion problems and bone resistance. Conducting studies relating to development and growth of bone tissue in broilers is necessary to minimize losses. Thus, genetic parameters were estimated for a broiler population's phenotypic traits such as BW at 42 d of age (BW42), chilled femur weight (CFW) and its yield (CFY), and femur measurements: calcium, DM, magnesium, phosphorus, and zinc content; breaking strength; rigidity; length; and thickness. Variance components were estimated through multitrait analyses using the restricted maximum likelihood method. The model included a fixed group effect (sex and hatch) and additive and residual genetic random effects. The heritability estimates we obtained ranged from 0.10 ± 0.05 to 0.50 ± 0.08 for chilled femur yield and BW42, respectively, and indicated that the traits can respond to the selection process, except for CFY, which presented low-magnitude heritability coefficients. Genetic correlation estimates between breaking strength, rigidity, and traits related to mineral content indicated that selection that aims to improve the breaking strength resistance of the femur is highly correlated with mineral content. Given the genetic correlation estimates between BW42 and minerals, it is suggested that in this population, selection for BW42 can be performed with greater intensity without affecting femoral integrity.

Indicadores antropométricos do estado nutricional entre idosas praticantes e não praticantes de exercício físico na zona norte de São José do Rio Preto-SP

Although the regular practice of physical exercise for the maintenance of the nutritional state and quality of life is important, it is not a common habit among the elderly, especially those of the lower income social bracket. The objective was to characterize and compare according to social-economic conditions and anthropometric indexes of the nutritional state of the elderly who regularly practice and those who do not practice exercises, offered at no cost, in the Northern zone of São José do Rio Preto-SP. In this study, 110 elderly women participated, of which 60 (group P) exercised regularly and 50 did not (group NP). Group P participated in a special gym program, free of charge, for at least 2 years, 2 to 3 times a week, one hour a day. Group NP was recruited from the same location as Group P. The comparison between the groups of elderly women was proportionately distributed according to marital status, level of education, means of locomotion, results of body mass index (IMC), waist to hip ratio (RCQ) and calf circumference, using the chi-square test. Comparisons were also made of average age, per capita family income, individual income, IMC, arm and triceps skin fold measured by t-Test. Differences were not found in all the comparisons made. The variables that stood out were the IMC (overweight) and RCQ (risk of chronic diseases) results, which were above what was expected, and the high frequency of walking and riding buses for both groups of elderly women (about 60%). We came to the conclusion that the low-intensity exercise program evaluated made no difference in the nutritional profi le of the elderly who also used walking as a means of getting around.

Modulação autonômica, pressão arterial, aptidão funcional e qualidade de vida em mulheres com hipertensão arterial submetidas a um programa de Hatha Yoga

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Associação da suplementação de vitamina D3 e do alcoolismo experimental em ratos: efeitos morfológicos e comportamentais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Long-term multimodal exercise program enhances mobility of patients with Parkinson's disease

Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a long-period multimodal exercise program on balance, mobility and clinical status of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods. Thirty-three PD patients were assigned into two groups: a training group (TG—n = 22; aged 67.23 ± 8.39 years) and a control group (CG—n = 9; aged 71.56 ± 8.50 years). The TG patients were enrolled in a 6-month multimodal exercise program. This program was designed to improve physical capacity components and to reduce PD impairments. Balance and mobility were assessed immediately before and after the training protocol using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the “Timed up and go” (TUG), and the Posture Locomotion Test (PLM). Also, clinical variables were assessed (disease stage and impairments). Results. The TG showed an improvement in the TUG (P = 0.006) while CG were not influenced by the 6-months period. Both groups showed no differences for BBS and PLM and for their disease impairments—assessed through the Unified Parkinson’s disease Scale. Conclusions. Long-term multimodal exercise programs are able to improve mobility of patients with Parkinson’s disease and therefore should be used on clinical day life.

Variáveis antropométricas e hemodinâmicas em relação a diferentes níveis e categorias de atividade física

This study aimed to investigate the relation between physical activity levels (PAL) of hypertensive patients, seeing different do- mains, and, to compare anthropometric variables and blood pressure (BP). The survey was conducted with 192 patients, mean age 63 ± 11 years. The anthropometric variables were body weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). PAL was estimated using Baecke ́s questionnaire and categorized in four domains (OPA = occupational; leisure time = LTPA; locomotion = LPA and Total PA). Student t test unpaired was applied for comparisons between active and insufficiently active. Differences between active and sedentary in relation to anthropometry and resting blood pressure were observed for the LTPA, LPA and Total PA and significant negative correlations were observed between LPA and Total PA with systolic BP (p<0,05). Conclusion: the LPA and LTPA were associated with resting BP in hypertensive. No differences in BMI and WC among physically active and insuffi- ciently active were found.

Síntese e caracterização de pequenos peptídeos lineares do veneno de Tityus serrulatus (Buthidae)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Study of visceral antinociceptive potential of bee Apis mellifera venom

Pain is one of the most common reasons for patients to seek medical care. Bee Apis mellifera venom (AMV) has traditionally been used to treat inflammatory diseases and the alleviation of pain. Herein, we aimed to investigate the visceral antinociceptive potential of A. mellifera bee venom and its possible mechanism of action. Acetic acid-induced writhing assay was used in mice to determine the degree of visceral antinociception. Visceral antinociceptive activity was expressed as the reduction in the number of abdominal constrictions. Mice received an intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid after administration of AMV (0.08 or 0.8 mg/kg; intraperitoneally (i.p.)). In mechanistic studies, separate experiments were realized to examine the role of α2-receptors, nitric oxide, calcium channels, K+ATP channel activation, TRPV1 and opioid receptors on the visceral antinociceptive effect of AMV (0.8 mg/kg), using appropriate antagonists, yohimbine (2 mg/kg), L-NG-Nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 mg/kg), verapamil (5 mg/kg), glibenclamide (5 mg/kg), ruthenium red (3 mg/kg) or naloxone (2 mg/kg). AMV presented visceral antinociceptive activity in both doses tested (0.08 and 0.8 mg/Kg). Visceral antinociceptive effect of AMV was resistant to all the antagonists used. Mice showed no significant alterations in locomotion frequency, indicating that the observed antinociception is not a consequence of motor abnormality. Although AMV efficient diminished the acetic acid-evoked pain-related behavior, its mechanism is unclear from this study and future studies are needed to verify how the venom exerts its antinociceptive action.