A multimodal tablet-based interface for designing and reviewing 3D engineering models

The ability to view and interact with 3D models has been happening for a long time. However, vision-based 3D modeling has only seen limited success in applications, as it faces many technical challenges. Hand-held mobile devices have changed the way we interact with virtual reality environments. Their high mobility and technical features, such as inertial sensors, cameras and fast processors, are especially attractive for advancing the state of the art in virtual reality systems. Also, their ubiquity and fast Internet connection open a path to distributed and collaborative development. However, such path has not been fully explored in many domains. VR systems for real world engineering contexts are still difficult to use, especially when geographically dispersed engineering teams need to collaboratively visualize and review 3D CAD models. Another challenge is the ability to rendering these environments at the required interactive rates and with high fidelity. In this document it is presented a virtual reality system mobile for visualization, navigation and reviewing large scale 3D CAD models, held under the CEDAR (Collaborative Engineering Design and Review) project. It’s focused on interaction using different navigation modes. The system uses the mobile device's inertial sensors and camera to allow users to navigate through large scale models. IT professionals, architects, civil engineers and oil industry experts were involved in a qualitative assessment of the CEDAR system, in the form of direct user interaction with the prototypes and audio-recorded interviews about the prototypes. The lessons learned are valuable and are presented on this document. Subsequently it was prepared a quantitative study on the different navigation modes to analyze the best mode to use it in a given situation.

Methods and Tools for Objective Assessment of Psychomotor Skills in Laparoscopic Surgery

Training and assessment paradigms for laparoscopic surgical skills are evolving from traditional mentor–trainee tutorship towards structured, more objective and safer programs. Accreditation of surgeons requires reaching a consensus on metrics and tasks used to assess surgeons’ psychomotor skills. Ongoing development of tracking systems and software solutions has allowed for the expansion of novel training and assessment means in laparoscopy. The current challenge is to adapt and include these systems within training programs, and to exploit their possibilities for evaluation purposes. This paper describes the state of the art in research on measuring and assessing psychomotor laparoscopic skills. It gives an overview on tracking systems as well as on metrics and advanced statistical and machine learning techniques employed for evaluation purposes. The later ones have a potential to be used as an aid in deciding on the surgical competence level, which is an important aspect when accreditation of the surgeons in particular, and patient safety in general, are considered. The prospective of these methods and tools make them complementary means for surgical assessment of motor skills, especially in the early stages of training. Successful examples such as the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery should help drive a paradigm change to structured curricula based on objective parameters. These may improve the accreditation of new surgeons, as well as optimize their already overloaded training schedules.

Digital signage application : developing a public venue multimedia touch-screen

La señalización digital o digital signage es una tecnología de comunicaciones digital que se está usando en los últimos años para reemplazar a la antigua publicidad impresa. Esta tecnología mejora la presentación y promoción de los productos anunciados, así como facilita el intercambio de información gracias a su colocación en lugares públicos o al aire libre. Las aplicaciones con las que cuenta este nuevo método de publicidad son muy variadas, ya que pueden variar desde ambientes privados en empresas, hasta lugares públicos como centros comerciales. Aunque la primera y principal utilidad de la señalización digital es la publicidad para que el usuario sienta una necesidad de adquirir productos, también la posibilidad de ofrecer más información sobre determinados artículos a través de las nuevas tecnologías es muy importante en este campo. La aplicación realizada en este proyecto es el desarrollo de un programa en Adobe Flash a través de lenguaje de programación XML. A través de una pantalla táctil, el usuario de un museo puede interactivamente acceder a un menú en el que aparecen los diferentes estilos de arte en un determinado tiempo de la historia. A través de una línea de tiempo se puede acceder a información sobre cada objeto que esté expuesto en la exhibición. Además se pueden observar imágenes de los detalles más importantes del objeto que no pueden ser vistos a simple vista, ya que no está permitido manipularlos. El empleo de la pantalla interactiva sirve para el usuario de la exhibición como una herramienta extra para recabar información sobre lo que está viendo, a través de una tecnología nueva y fácil de usar para todo el mundo, ya que solo se necesita usar las propias manos. La facilidad de manejo en aplicaciones como estas es muy importante, ya que el usuario final puede no tener conocimientos tecnológicos por lo que la información debe darse claramente. Como conclusión, se puede decir que digital signage es un mercado que está en expansión y que las empresas deben invertir en el desarrollo de contenidos, ya que las tecnologías avanzan aunque el digital signage no lo haga, y este sector podría ser muy útil en un futuro no muy lejano, ya que la información que es capaz de transmitir al espectador en todos los lugares es mucho más válida y útil que la proporcionada por un simple póster impreso en una valla publicitaria. Abstract The Digital signage is a digital communications technology being used in recent years to replace the old advertising printed. This technology improves the presentation and promotion of the advertised products, and makes easy the exchange of information with its placement in public places or outdoors. The applications that account this new method of advertising are several; they can range from private rooms in companies, to public places like malls. Although the first major utility of Digital signage is the advertising that makes the user feel and need of purchasing products. In addition, the chance of providing more information about certain items through new technologies is very important in this field. The application made in this project is the development of a program in Adobe Flash via XML programming language. Through a touch-screen, a museum user can interactively access a menu in which different styles of art in a particular time in history appears. Through a timeline you can access to information about each object that is exposed on display. Also you can see pictures of the most important details of the object that can not be seen with the naked eye, since it is not allowed to manipulate it. The use of the interactive screen serves to the user exhibition as an extra tool to gather information about what is seeing through a new technology and easy to use for everyone, since only need to use one’s own hands. The ease of handling in applications such as this is very important as the end user may not have expertise technology so the information should be clearly. As conclusion, one can say digital signage is an expansion market and companies must invest in content development, as although digital technologies advance digital signage does not, and this sector could be very useful in a near future, because information that is able of transmitting the everywhere viewer is much more valid and useful than that provided by a simple printed poster on a billboard.

Después de Einstein: una arquitectura para una teoría

En 1905, aparecen en la revista "Annalen der physik" tres artículos que revolucionarán las ciencias físicas y pondrán en jaque los asentados conceptos newtonianos de Espacio y Tiempo. La formulación de la Teoría de la Relatividad por Albert Einstein pone en crisis el valor absoluto de estos conceptos, y permite proponer nuevas reflexiones a propósito de su concepción dentro del campo de la física. Esta revolución ¿podría extrapolarse al campo de la arquitectura, donde Espacio y Tiempo tienen un papel protagonista? Hay que entender la complejidad del hecho arquitectónico y las innumerables variables que participan de su definición. Se estudia en esta Tesis Doctoral un aspecto muy concreto: cómo un paradigma (la Teoría de la Relatividad) puede intervenir y modificar, o no, la Arquitectura. Se plantea para ello ir al origen; desentrañar el momento de interacción entre la Teoría de la Relatividad y la Teoría de la Arquitectura, que permita determinar si aquella influyó sobre ésta en los escritos teóricos de las vanguardias aplicados a la Arquitectura. “Después de Einstein. Una arquitectura para una teoría” buscará los puntos de conexión de la Teoría de la Relatividad con la teoría arquitectónica de las vanguardias de principio del siglo XX, su influencia, la contaminación entre una y otra, con posibles resultados arquitectónicos a partir de esta interacción, capaz de definir nuevos argumentos formales para un nuevo lenguaje enArquitectura. Annalen der physik Después de Einstein. Una arquitectura para una teoría Para ello la Tesis se estructura en cuatro capítulos. El primero expone el ámbito geográfico y cronológico donde se desarrolla la Teoría de la Relatividad con la repercusión teórica que tiene para el arte, en función de una nueva definición de espacio vinculado al tiempo, como evento que se desarrolla en un ámbito cuatridimensional; la indeterminación de las medidas de espacio y de las medidas de tiempo, y la importancia de entender la materia como energía. El segundo capítulo estudia los movimientos de vanguardia coetáneos a la eclosión de la Relatividad, enmarcados en su ámbito geográfico más próximo. El cubismo se muestra como movimiento que participa ocasionalmente de las matemáticas y la geometría, bajo el influjo del científico Henri Poincaré y las geometrías no euclidianas. El futurismo indaga en los avances de la ciencia desde una cierta lejanía, cierta falta de rigor o profundidad científica para extraer las leyes de su nuevo idealismo plástico constructivo, definiendo e interpretando su Universo a partir de los avances de la ciencia, en respuesta a la crisis del espacio y del tiempo newtonianos. El lenguaje científico se encuentra presente en conceptos como "simultaneidad" (Boccioni), "expansión esférica de la luz en el espacio" (Severini y Carrá), "cuatridimensionalidad", "espacio-tiempo", "aire-luz-fuerza", "materia y energía" que paralelamente conforman el cuerpo operacional de la teoría de Einstein. Si bien no es posible atribuir a la Teoría de la Relatividad un papel protagonista como referente para el pensamiento artístico, en 1936, con la aparición del manifiesto Dimensionista, se atribuyen explícitamente a las teorías de Einstein las nuevas ideas de espacio-tiempo del espíritu europeo seguido por cubistas y futuristas. El tercer capítulo describe cómo la Teoría de la Relatividad llegó a ser fuente de inspiración para la Teoría de la Arquitectura. Estructurado en tres subcapítulos, se estudia el autor principal que aportó para la Arquitectura conceptos e ideas extrapoladas de la Teoría de la Relatividad después de su estudio e interpretación (Van Doesburg), dónde se produjeron las influencias y puntos de contacto (Lissitzky, Eggeling, Moholy-Nagy) y cómo fueron difundidas a través de la arquitectura (Einsteinturm de Mendelsohn) y de las revistas especializadas. El cuarto capítulo extrae las conclusiones del estudio realizado en esta Tesis, que bien pudiera resumir MoholyNagy en su texto "Vision inmotion" (1946) al comentar: "Ya que el "espacio-tiempo" puede ser un término engañoso, tiene que hacerse especialmente hincapié en que los problemas de espacio-tiempo en el arte no están necesariamente basados en la Teoría de la Relatividad de Einstein. Esto no tiene intención de descartar la relevancia de su teoría para las artes. Pero los artistas y los laicos rara vez tienen el conocimiento matemático para visualizar en fórmulas científicas las analogías con su propio trabajo. La terminología de Einstein del "espacio-tiempo" y la "relatividad" ha sido absorbida por nuestro lenguaje diario." ABSTRACT. "AFTER EINSTEIN:ANARCHITECTUREFORATHEORY." In 1905, three articles were published in the journal "Annalen der Physik ". They revolutionized physical sciences and threw into crisis the newtonian concepts of Space and Time. The formulation of the Theory of Relativity by Albert Einstein put a strain on the absolute value of these concepts, and proposed new reflections about them in the field of Physics. Could this revolution be extrapolated to the field of Architecture, where Space and Time have a main role? It is necessary to understand the complexity of architecture and the countless variables involved in its definition. For this reason, in this PhD. Thesis, we study a specific aspect: how a paradigm (Theory of Relativity) can intervene and modify -or not- Architecture. It is proposed to go back to the origin; to unravel the moment in which the interaction between the Theory of Relativity and the Theory of Architecture takes place, to determine whether the Theory of Relativity influenced on the theoretical avant-garde writings applied to Architecture. "After Einstein.An architecture for a theory " will search the connection points between the Theory of Relativity and architectural avant-garde theory of the early twentieth century, the influence and contamination between them, giving rise to new architectures that define new formal arguments for a new architectural language. Annalen der Physik This thesis is divided into four chapters. The first one describes the geographical and chronological scope in which the Theory of Relativity is developed showing its theoretical implications in the field of art, according to a new definition of Space linked to Time, as an event that takes place in a fourdimensional space; the indetermination of the measurement of space and time, and the importance of understanding "matter" as "energy". The second chapter examines the avant-garde movements contemporary to the theory of relativity. Cubism is shown as an artist movement that occasionally participates in mathematics and geometry, under the influence of Henri Poincaré and non-Euclidean geometries. Futurism explores the advances of science at a certain distance, with lack of scientific rigor to extract the laws of their new plastic constructive idealism. Scientific language is present in concepts like "simultaneity" (Boccioni), "expanding light in space" (Severini and Carra), "four-dimensional space", "space-time", "light-air-force," "matter and energy" similar to the operational concepts of Einstein´s theory. While it is not possible to attribute a leading role to the Theory of Relativity, as a benchmark for artistic laws, in 1936, with the publication of the Dimensionist manifest, the new ideas of space-time followed by cubist and futurist were attributed to the Einstein's theory. The third chapter describes how the Theory of Relativity became an inspiration for the architectural theory. Structured into three subsections, we study the main author who studied the theory of relativity and ,as a consequence, contributed with some concepts and ideas to the theory of architecture (Van Doesburg), where influences and contact points took place (Lissitzky, Eggeling, Moholy-Nagy) and how were disseminated throughArchitecture (Einsteinturm, by Mendelsohn) and journals. The fourth chapter draws the conclusions of this PhD. Thesis, which could be well summarized by Moholy Nagy in his text "Vision in Motion" (1946): vi Since "space-time" can be a misleading term, it especially has to be emphasized that the space-time problems in the arts are not necessarily based upon Einstein´s Theory of Relativity. This is not meant to discount the relevance of his theory to the arts. But artists and laymen seldom have the mathematical knowledge to visualize in scientific formulae the analogies to their own work. Einstein's terminology of "space-time" and "relativity" has been absorbed by our daily language.

Implementation and management of private traffic limitation in urban areas: experiences and methodologies.

This paper shows the results of a research aimed to formulate a general model for supporting the implementation and management of an urban road pricing scheme. After a preliminary work, to define the state of the art in the field of sustainable urban mobility strategies, the problem has been theoretically set up in terms of transport economy, introducing the external costs’ concept duly translated into the principle of pricing for the use of public infrastructures. The research is based on the definition of a set of direct and indirect indicators to qualify the urban areas by land use, mobility, environmental and economic conditions. These indicators have been calculated for a selected set of typical urban areas in Europe on the basis of the results of a survey carried out by means of a specific questionnaire. Once identified the most typical and interesting applications of the road pricing concept in cities such as London (Congestion Charging), Milan (Ecopass), Stockholm (Congestion Tax) and Rome (ZTL), a large benchmarking exercise and the cross analysis of direct and indirect indicators, has allowed to define a simple general model, guidelines and key requirements for the implementation of a pricing scheme based traffic restriction in a generic urban area. The model has been finally applied to the design of a road pricing scheme for a particular area in Madrid, and to the quantification of the expected results of its implementation from a land use, mobility, environmental and economic perspective.

Learning and Assessing Competencies: New challenges for Mathematics in Engineering Degrees in Spain.

The introduction of new degrees adapted to the European Area of Higher Education (EAHE) has involved a radically different approach to the curriculum. The new programs are structured around competencies that should be acquired. Considering the competencies, teachers must define and develop learning objectives, design teaching methods and establish appropriate evaluation systems. While most Spanish universities have incorporated methodological innovations and evaluation systems different from traditional exams, there is enough confusion about how to teach and assess competencies and learning outcomes, as traditionally the teaching and assessment have focused on knowledge. In this paper we analyze the state-of-the-art in the mathematical courses of the new engineering degrees in some Spanish universities.

Safety and health in forest harvesting operations. Diagnosis and preventive actions. A review

Aim of study: to review the present state of the art in relation to the main labour risks and the most relevant results of recent studies evaluating the safety and health conditions of the forest harvesting work and better ways to reduce accidents. Area of study: It focuses mainly on developed Countries, where the general concern about work risks prevention, together with the complex idiosyncrasy of forest work in forest harvesting operations, has led to a growing interest from the forest scientific and technical community. Material and Methods: The main bibliographic and Internet references have been identified using common reference analysis tools. Their conclusions and recommendations have been comprehensively summarized. Main results: Collection of the principal references and their most important conclusions relating to the main accident risk factors, their causes and consequences, the means used towards their prevention, both instrumental as well as in the aspects of training and business management, besides the influence of the growing mechanization of logging operations on those risks. Research highlights: Accident risk is higher in forest harvesting than in most other work sectors, and the main risk factors such as experience, age, seasonality, training, protective equipment, mechanization degree, etc. have been identified and studied. The paper summarizes some relevant results, one of the principal being that the proper entrepreneurial risk management is a key factor leading to the success in minimizing labour risks..

Caracterización de la cerámica para su empleo como material de enfriamiento evaporativo en la envolvente de los edificios = Ceramic characterization towards its application as evaporative cooling material in building envelopes

El presente trabajo de investigación determina las características de la cerámica que más eficientemente se comporta a evaporación y a enfriamiento. Con el objeto de ser empleado como material integrado en la envolvente de los edificios para reducir su carga de refrigeración. La cerámica es un buen material para ser empleado para la refrigeración por evaporación. Es un sólido poroso inerte que, tras ser sometido a cocción a temperaturas por encima de los 900ºC, resulta uno de los materiales que mejor se comportan como contenedor de agua en su red capilar para, posteriormente, ir liberándola por evaporación al mismo tiempo que se enfría su superficie. La metodología general de investigación, se divide en tres etapas: Búsqueda y análisis del estado de la técnica y de la investigación. Estudio teórico de la eficacia del enfriamiento evaporativo como estrategia de enfriamiento pasivo en la arquitectura. Etapa experimental, desarrollada en tres fases: una primera de definición de los parámetros determinantes del Enfriamiento Evaporativo en piezas cerámicas, una segunda de selección cerámica y diseño de ensayos experimentales y una tercera de caracterización de la cerámica bajo criterios de evaporación y de enfriamiento. El recorrido por el estado de la cuestión ha identificado las aplicaciones tecnológicas y las investigaciones científicas que emplean el Enfriamiento Evaporativo con piezas cerámicas como técnica de enfriamiento. Como resultado se ha obtenido una tabla de clasificación de sistemas de enfriamiento evaporativo y se ha constatado que el conjunto de las aplicaciones están centradas en el diseño de piezas o sistemas pero que, sin embargo, no existe una definición de las características de la cerámica para su empleo como material de enfriamiento por evaporación. El estudio teórico de la eficacia del empleo del enfriamiento evaporativo como estrategia de enfriamiento pasivo en la arquitectura se ha realizado mediante cálculos de porcentaje de ampliación de horas en confort con empleo de técnicas de enfriamiento evaporativo directo e indirecto (EED y EEI). Como resultado se obtienen unos mapas para el ámbito español de potencial de aplicación del EED y EEI. Los resultados permiten afirmar que mediante EE se puede llegar a confort en prácticamente la totalidad de las horas de los días más cálidos del año en muchas localidades. La metodología experimental se ha desarrollado en tres fases. En la fase inicial, se han definido los parámetros determinantes del enfriamiento evaporativo en un medio cerámico mediante ensayos experimentales de capacidad de evaporación y de caracterización. Se realizaron un total de 12 ensayos. Se determinó que el material cerámico tiene una gran influencia en la capacidad de evaporación y enfriamiento en las piezas cerámicas, apoyando la hipótesis inicial y la necesidad de caracterizar el material. La primera fase empírica se centró en la selección cerámica y el diseño de los ensayos experimentales de comportamiento hídrico. Se seleccionaron muestras de 5 tipos de cerámica. Se realizaron 4 tipos de ensayos de caracterización y 6 tipos de ensayos experimentales de comportamiento hídrico (total 123 muestras ensayadas). Los resultados obtenidos son de dos tipos, por un lado, se determinó cuál es el tipo de cerámica que más eficientemente se comporta a EE y, por otro, se rediseñaron los ensayos de la última fase experimental. Para la segunda fase experimental se seleccionaron cerámicas de fabricación manual abarcando el mayor número de localidades del ámbito español. Se realizaron ensayos de caracterización de 7 tipos y ensayos de comportamiento hídrico de 5 tipos (total 197 muestras ensayadas). Los resultados de caracterización han permitido aportar unos rangos de las características de la cerámica que más eficientemente se comporta en los ensayos de comportamiento hídrico. Al final de la investigación se ha caracterizado el material cerámico aportando características acerca de su porosidad, capacidad de absorción, color, rugosidad y mineralogía. Así como datos de referencia de su comportamiento hídrico. Además se ha desarrollado una metodología de ensayo específica que permite evaluar la capacidad de enfriamiento eficiente de una pieza cerámica. ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to determine the characteristics of ceramic materials having the most efficient performance in terms of evaporation and cooling, so that they can be integrated in building envelopes to reduce cooling loads. Ceramics are suitable materials for cooling through passive evaporation. After being fired at temperatures over 900 °C (1,652 °F), the capillary network of this inert porous medium turns to be excellent to retain water, which is progressively liberated by evaporation while the material surface gets colder. Research methodology has involved the following steps: Search and analysis on the state of the art in technology and research. Theoretical study on the efficiency of evaporation as passive cooling strategies in buildings. Experimental stage developed in three phases, namely: definition of parameters determining evaporative cooling in ceramic elements; ceramic selection and design of experimental tests; characterization of ceramic materials under evaporation and cooling criteria. Search and analysis on the state of the art in this field have been useful to identify technology applications and scientific research where ceramics are employed for evaporative cooling. The resulting table shows that applications are wholly focused on the design of pieces and systems. Nonetheless, there is lack of definition of material characteristics in this scope. The theoretical study on efficiency of the passive strategy applied to buildings has been realized by calculation of the percentage increase in comfort hours through direct/indirect evaporative cooling techniques (DEC/IEC). The mapping of their potential application in Spain clearly shows that comfort conditions can be reached in almost all the hours of the hottest days in many towns. In the initial phase of the experimental stage, parameters determining evaporative cooling in ceramic media have been defined. For this purpose, characterization tests and evaporation and cooling rates experiments have been carried out; the number of samples tested amounted to 12. It has been concluded that material characteristics have great influence on these rates, which supports the initial hypothesis and the need for their characterization. The first empirical phase has focused on ceramic selection and design of water behaviour experimental methods. The samples covered five different kinds of ceramic materials. Four different characterization tests and six different water behaviour experiments were carried out; the number of samples tested amounted to 123. The experimental testing procedures served to determine the most efficient types of ceramic materials in terms of evaporative cooling efficiency and, at the same time, made it necessary to change the original designed experimental test for the last phase. In the second phase, a number of varied hand-made ceramic tiles have been selected. Seven different characterization tests and five different water behaviour tests were carried out; the number of samples amounted to 197. The results of characterization served to establish a range of features in ceramic materials according to their efficiency in water behaviour experiments. Finally, ceramic materials have been characterized according to porosity, water absorption, colour, surface roughness and mineralogy. Also, reference data regarding water behaviour have been included. Moreover, an innovative and specific experimental test to evaluate cooling efficiency of ceramic tiles has been developed.

Fresnel-based modular solar fields for performance/cost optimization in solar thermal power plants: A comparison with parabolic trough collectors.

Linear Fresnel collectors are identified as a technology that should play a main role in order to reduce cost of Concentrating Solar Power. An optical and thermal analysis of the different blocks of the solar power plant is carried out, where Fresnel arrays are compared with the most extended linear technology: parabolic trough collectors. It is demonstrated that the optical performance of Fresnel array is very close to that of PTC, with similar values of maximum flux intensities. In addition, if the heat carrier fluid flows in series by the tubes of the receiver, relatively high thermal efficiencies are achieved. Thus, an annual solar to electricity efficiency of 19% is expected, which is similar to the state of the art in PTCs; this is done with a reduction of costs, thanks to lighter structures, that drives to an estimation of LCOE of around 6.5 c€/kWh.

The Dragon Tree in the Age of Exploration

he dragon tree, a peculiar species native to Socotra, southwest Arabia, east Africa, Morocco, Macaronesia, and the Canary islands, possesses an intriguing iconographic history. The first wave of images date from 1470 to 1550, beginning with Martin Schongauer’s 1470 engraving of The Flight into Egypt. These depictions portray the dragon tree in the context of a handful of biblical themes and with apparent symbolic import. After 1550, religious images of the dragon tree vanish abruptly and are replaced by representations of an empirical nature. Dragon tree iconography is notable for the extent to which it did and did not leave an impression on European art. In this paper I examine the inability of dragon tree images to gain the momentum required to propel them into European iconography more permanently, and the forces that may account for the abrupt change from biblical to botanical renderings.

Creating Beautiful Art: Challenging Comfort

Creating Beautiful Art: Challenging Comfort investigates the notion of beauty and its relationship to art while asking what is and can be art. Throughout the work, research supports the concept of beauty elevating art even with the use of atypical, unconventional, or mundane materials. Direct attention is given to this idea by completion of a Creative Capstone Project. I incorporated aesthetics with unconventional materials in order to challenge viewing comfort, as well as added value to the existing body of knowledge concerning beauty in contemporary art. The reflective section summarizes the importance of unconventional materials creating beauty in art in order to progress itself linearly by creating and reinventing the new.

Constructing an Indigenous Model of the Self to Address Cultural and Mental Health Issues in the Canadian Subarctic

Since the last decades, academic research has paid much attention to the phenomenon of revitalizing indigenous cultures and, more precisely, the use of traditional indigenous healing methods both to deal with individuals' mental health problems and with broader cultural issues. The re-evaluation of traditional indigenous healing practices as a mode of psychotherapeutic treatment has been perhaps one of the most interesting sociocultural processes in the postmodern era. In this regard, incorporating indigenous forms of healing in a contemporary framework of indigenous mental health treatment should be interpreted not simply as an alternative therapeutic response to the clinical context of Western psychiatry, but also constitutes a political response on the part of ethno-cultural groups that have been stereotyped as socially inferior and culturally backward. As a result, a postmodern form of "traditional healing" developed with various forms of knowledge, rites and the social uses of medicinal plants, has been set in motion on many Canadian indigenous reserves over the last two decades.

Ijé: the journey

Chioma, a child growing up in the Nigerian countryside, warned her restless sister, Anya, about the trappings of the American Dream. In "Ijé: The Journey" movie, ten years later, Anya is accused of killing 3 men in a Hollywood Hills mansion - one of them her record-producer husband. Chioma travels from Nigeria to Los Angeles, and with the help of a young attorney, discovers that the dark secret her sister wants to keep hidden might be the only thing that can win her freedom.

Olhares street art - investigação ação : de que forma abordagens de arte contemporânea nas escolas promovem a criatividade

In this study we intend to address a learning experience that was inspired by the intersection between public art and art education. We intend to make a reflection and analysis of pedagogical actions undertaken during this experience related to a theoretical framework to help us evaluate and improve the pedagogical and methodological strategies. The experience began with a visit to the exhibition "Street Art" at the AXA building in Porto. This visit was made with a group of children of different ages, accompanied by their parents, in May 2014. This exhibition brought new gazes for urban art. By recognizing obvious benefits such as proximity and accessibility, urban art, so rarely addressed in the classroom, may be an educational resource. Our intention in this study asks whether the contact with urban works of art can be motivating for students and facilitators of learning. We used a methodology of action research to approach urban art in visual art education lessons, exploring various art objects of the exhibition "Street Art" and the surrounding city with students. The study findings pointed out a positive response to initial questions

Fine-tuning the use of bail-in to promote a stronger EU financial system. CEPS Special Report No. 136/April 2016

This paper discusses the application of the new European rules for burden-sharing and bail-in in the banking sector, in view of their ability to accommodate broader policy goals of aggregate financial stability. It finds that the Treaty principles and the new discipline of state aid and the restructuring of banks provide a solid framework for combating moral hazard and removing incentives that encourage excessive risk-taking by bankers. However, the application of the new rules may have become excessively attentive to the case-by-case evaluation of individual institutions, while perhaps losing sight of the aggregate policy needs of the banking system. Indeed, in this first phase of the banking union, while large segments of the EU banking sector still require a substantial restructuring and recapitalisation, the market may not be able to provide all the needed resources in the current environment of depressed profitability and low growth. Thus, a systemic market failure may be making the problem impossible to fix without resorting to temporary public support. But the risk of large write-offs of capital instruments due to burden-sharing and bail-in may represent an insurmountable obstacle to such public support as it may set in motion an investors’ flight. The paper concludes by showing that existing rules do contain the flexibility required to accommodate aggregate policy requirements in the general interest, and outlines a public support scheme for the precautionary recapitalisation of solvent banks that would be compliant with EU law.