State Transformation and the European Integration Project. Lessons from the financial crisis and the Greek paradigm. CEPS Special Report No. 130/February 2016

The financial crisis that erupted in the eurozone not only affected the EU’s financial governance mechanisms, but also the very nature of state sovereignty and balances in the relations of member states; thus, the actual inequalities between the member states hidden behind their institutional equality have deteriorated. This transformation is recorded in the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the member states’ constitutional courts, particularly in those at the heart of the crisis, with Greece as the most prominent example. It is the issue of public debt (sovereign debt) of the EU member states that particularly reflects the influence of the crisis on state sovereignty as well as the intensely transnational (intergovernmental) character of European integration, which under these circumstances takes the form of a continuous, tough negotiation. The historical connection between public debt (sovereign debt) and state sovereignty has re-emerged because of the financial crisis. This development has affected not only the European institutions, but also, at the member state level, the actual institutional content of the rule of law (especially judicial review) and the welfare state in its essence, as the great social and political acquis of 20th century Europe. From this perspective, the way that the Greek courts have dealt with the gradual waves of fiscal austerity measures and structural reforms from 2010 to 2015 is characteristic. The effect of the financial crisis on the sovereignty of the member states and on the pace of European integration also has an impact on European foreign and security policy, and the correlations between the political forces at both the national and European level, thus producing even more intense pressures on European social democracy. In light of the experience of the financial crisis, the final question is whether the nation state (given the large real inequalities among the EU member states) currently functions as a brake or as an engine for future European integration.

The debt, the stock market and the state-owned enterprises. The sources of chaos on the Chinese financial markets. OSW Commentary NUMBER 201/16.03.2016

The government’s extensive programme for stimulating the economy has enabled China to maintain high economic growth after the global financial crisis in 2008. However, this success has come at the price of a number of negative economic phenomena and the consequences they have had are the major challenge for the government today. The vast programme of investments in infrastructure, construction and fixed assets, which has been the main source of economic growth over the past few years, has caused a rapid increase in China’s debt from 158% of GDP in 2007 to 282% in 2014. Along with the local governments in charge of implementing the programme, the Chinese sector of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) has been heavily burdened by the stimulation policy. The sector’s profitability has fallen, its indebtedness has increased and management problems have been revealed.

Measuring up : questions and answers about state roles in educational accountability.

Cover title.

Trends in Federal domestic transportation programs, revenues, and expenditures : by state fiscal years 1957-1975 /

"DOT-P-10-78-46."

Procès-verbal de la première séance du Jury des arts : nommé par la Convention nationale, et assemblé dans une des salles du Museum, en vertu des décrets des 9 et 25 jours de brumaire, an II de la république française une et indivisible, pour juger les ouvrages de peinture, sculpture et architecture mis au concours pour obtenir le prix.

Final leaf blank.

Joint rules, rules of the Senate and rules of the House of the State Legislature of Washington.

Includes also the state constitution, territorial and state officers, members of the Legislature, standing committees, employees, etc.

Greek lines and other architectural essays,

Greek lines and their influence on modern architecture.--The growth of conscience in modern decorative art.--Historical architecture, and the influence of the personal element upon it.--The royal château of Blois.--The present state of architecture.--Architecture and poetry.

NIH state-of-the-science statement on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for diagnosis and therapy

"State-of-the Science Conference on Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for Diagnosis and Therapy was convened on January 14-16, 2002"--P. 5.

Annual report of the State Engineer & Surveyor of the state of New York and of the tabulations and deductions from the reports of the railroad corporations for the year ending.

Title varies slightly.

The state library agency; its functions and organization, statement by the A. L. A. Library extension board, adopted by the A. L. A. executive board (for present use, subject to revision).

Appendices: State library extension agencies by form or organization. State library agencies by states.

Projections and comparisons of alternative formulas for providing state aid to public library systems /

WI docs. no.: Leg.3:D/1978/9.

State of Connecticut by His Excellency John H. Trumbull governor a proclamation : The national standard of the United States came into being on June fourteenth, 1777 ... The anniversary of that occasion is a fitting day on which to do particular honor to this symbol of our national institutions. I therefore designate Monday, the fourteenth day of June next, as Flag Day ... Given under my hand and seal of the state at the Capitol, in Hartford, this second day of June ... one thousand nine hundred and twenty-six ...

Arms of the state of Connecticut printed at head and state seal printed at lower left.