997 resultados para 311-U1327C


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红头噪鹛(Garrulax erythrocephalus)全世界有14个亚种,中国有5个亚种,云南原记录有3个亚种。采自云南近中部哀牢山脉景东、双柏、新平等县境内的红头噪鹛7号成鸟标本与记录的各亚种有显著区别,并且有一定范围的地理分布区域。因而鉴定为一新亚种,命名为红头噪鹛哀牢山亚种(Garrulax erythrocephalus ailaoshanensis)。

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对采自于中国洞庭湖和汉阳墨水湖氧化沟的5种吸管虫做了形态学报道,均为国内新纪录:靴状盘吸管虫Discophryacothurnata(Weisse,1847-1848)Lachmann,1859;粗壮盘吸管虫DiscophryarobustaNozawa,1938;长柄球吸管虫Metacinetamacrocaulis(Stokes,1887)Matthes,1954;圆形放射吸管虫Heliophryarotunda(Hentschel,1916)Matthes,1954和孟加拉锤吸管虫Tokophrya

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利用 3个随机引物 (S4 5 3,S4 5 4 ,S4 6 3)对无裂栉江珧 (Atrina pectinata L inaeus)的 4种类型 :青口、黄口、沙螺、棘螺基因组 DNA进行 RAPD分析 ,并对 RAPD的实验条件行了优化研究。10~ 2 0 ng的高纯度 DNA用作模板 ,退火温度为 39℃时 ,RAPD扩增的效率较高 ,扩增的带纹清晰可辨。3个引物中 ,引物 S4 5 3和 S4 6 3获得了清晰的 RAPD扩增结果 ,引物 S4 5 4未获得有效扩增 ,共扩增出 8条清晰的 DNA

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Animals, in particular humans, frequently punish other individuals who behave negatively or uncooperatively towards them. In animals, this usually serves to protect the personal interests of the individual concerned, and its kin. However, humans also punish altruistically, in which the act of punishing is personally costly. The propensity to do so has been proposed to reflect the cultural acquisition of norms of behaviour, which incorporates the desire to uphold equity and fairness, and promotes cooperation. Here, we review the proximate neurobiological basis of punishment, considering the motivational processes that underlie punishing actions.

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结果显示 :当年草鱼种和中华鳖脾细胞培养上清液中能检测出IL 2活性 ,而且 1龄以上草鱼、中华鳖的IL 2活性高于当年孵化的草鱼和中华鳖。草鱼、中华鳖脾细胞在 2 5℃培养温度条件下 ,其上清液中IL 2活性最高 ,35℃次之 ,1 5℃最低。因此 ,草鱼、中华鳖IL 2活性在一定范围内是随着年龄增加而增强和依赖温度的。通过小鼠胸腺细胞增殖和对小鼠L92 9细胞杀伤率的实验表明 37℃比 2 5℃检测温度下所测的IL 2活性高 ,而中华鳖胸腺细胞增殖实验却显示 2 5℃检测温度下IL 2活性高于 37℃

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作者对长江自然环境圈养条件下和人工饲养池中江豚(Neophocaenaphocaenoides)的部分行为作了初步的记录和分析。江豚对人工饲养的适应与环境变化的大小以及群体结构受损程度有关。环境变化大,群体结构受损大,适应慢。反之亦然.江豚常以一母一仔、一母一仔一幼或一雄一雌一起活动,是群体构成的核心单元.存在救助、争斗等社群行为及嬉戏行为。抚养关系严格。对窄小的过道有畏惧反应。

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The laser-diode parameters at which the steady-state regime of generation becomes unstable are analyzed within the framework of the mode-locking model. The crucial role of the transverse inhomogeneity of the field, pumping intensity, and spectrum width in developing the instabilities of the steady-state regime of generation is demonstrated. The calculated values of the instability threshold are shown to be consistent with the experimental results. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.

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用浅水湖泊型鱼探仪估算了武汉东湖中的鱼类个体数。鱼探仪的探头可以横向或垂直放置,水平探鱼时得到的是从湖面到1.5米深的个体鱼探图像;垂直探鱼时得到的是从1.5米到水底的个体鱼探图像。按半减半角3°计算了鱼探仪探索的水团中鱼的密度。根据每100米距离的个体鱼探图像计数值的时间系列变化以及鱼类密度的两向方差分析,发现鱼类的栖息密度随湖区的不同而异。根据各湖区鱼类当时的“现存”尾数,估计东湖郭郑湖区(11平方公里)1983年10月“现存”的鱼数为44万尾,1984年3月为112万尾。

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采用退算法研究东湖鲢、鳙的生长,包括生长的基本模式,瞬时生长率及其变动,雌、雄鱼生长的差异等问题:1)鲢、鳙的生长模式可用von Bertalanffy方程来描述,其中鲢的参数l_∞=99.8厘米、W_∞=17,104克、K=0.3040、t_0=0.4821年,鳙的参数l_∞=117.6厘米、W_∞=29,311克、K=0.3088、t_0=0.5392年;2)鲢、鳙的瞬时生长率随着年龄的增长而逐渐下降,并且不同世代同龄鱼的瞬时生长率有一定的变动,其变差系数与年龄呈正相关;3)鲢、鳙的生长无显著的性别差