Three inquiries : 1. Into the Scriptural doctrine concerning the devil and Satan; 2. The extent of duration expressed by the terms olim, aion, and aionios, rendered everlasting, &c. &c. in the Bible, and especially when applied to punishment; 3. The New Testament doctrine concerning the possession of devils /

Earlier editions have title: An inquiry into the Scriptural doctrine concerning the devil and Satan ...

The catholic doctrine of a Trinity : proved by above an hundred short and clear arguments, expressed in the terms of the Holy Scripture, compared in a manner entirely new and digested under the four following titles: 1. The divinity of Christ. 2. The divinity of the Holy Ghost. 3. The plurality of persons. 4. The Trinity in unity. With a few reflections, occasionally interspersed, upon some of the Arian writers, particularly Dr. S. Clarke: to which is added, A letter to the common people, in answer to some popular arguments against the Trinity.

A reply to "An appeal to the common sense of all Christian people", by William Hopkins.

Primitive truth, in a history of the internal state of the Reformation, expressed by the early reformers in their writings; and in which the question, concerning the Calvinism of the Church of England, is determined by positive evidences ...

Dedication signed: Clericus.

The linear system of short hand : by which one half of the words of any discourse may each be fully expressed by a single stroke of the pen ... /

Mode of access: Internet.

Legislative record of California congressmen on measures of interest to labor as expressed by roll-call vote.

Cover title.

The secret tradition in freemasonry and an analysis of the inter-relation between the craft and the high grades in respect of their term of research, expressed by the way of symbolism,

"Some bibliographical matters": p. 409-417.

Varying moods expressed in various verse /

"Printed for private circulation."

Endothelial cell serine proteases expressed during vascular morphogenesis and angiogenesis

Many serine proteases play important regulatory roles in complex biological systems, but only a few have been linked directly with capillary morphogenesis and angiogenesis. Here we provide evidence that serine protease activities, independent of the plasminogen activation cascade, are required for microvascular endothelial cell reorganization and capillary morphogenesis in vitro. A homology cloning approach targeting conserved motifs present in all serine proteases, was used to identify candidate serine proteases involved in these processes, and revealed 5 genes (acrosin, testisin, neurosin, PSP and neurotrypsin), none of which had been associated previously with expression in endothelial cells. A subsequent gene-specific RT-PCR screen for 22 serine proteases confirmed expression of these 5 genes and identified 7 additional serine protease genes expressed by human endothelial cells, urokinase-type plasminogen activator, protein C,TMPRSS2, hepsin, matriptase/ MT-SPI, dipepticlylpepticlase IV, and seprase. Differences in serine protease gene expression between microvascular and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were identified and several serine protease genes were found to be regulated by the nature of the substratum, ie. artificial basement membrane or fibrillar type I collagen. mRNA transcripts of several serine protease genes were associated with blood vessels in vivo by in situ hybridization of human tissue specimens. These data suggest a potential role for serine proteases, not previously associated with endothelium, in vascular function and angiogenesis.

A macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor-green fluorescent protein transgene is expressed throughout the mononuclear phagocyte system of the mouse

The c-fms gene encodes the receptor for macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1). The gene is expressed selectively in the macrophage and trophoblast cell lineages. Previous studies have indicated that sequences in intron 2 control transcript elongation in tissue-specific and regulated expression of c-fms. In humans, an alternative promoter was implicated in expression of the gene in trophoblasts. We show that in mice, c-fms transcripts in trophoblasts initiate from multiple points within the 2-kilobase (kb) region flanking the first coding exon. A reporter gene construct containing 3.5 kb of 5' flanking sequence and the down-stream intron 2 directed expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) to both trophoblasts and macrophages. EGFP was detected in trophoblasts from the earliest stage of implantation examined at embryonic day 7.5. During embryonic development, EGFP highlighted the large numbers of c-fms-positive macrophages, including those that originate from the yolk sac. In adult mice, EGFP location Was consistent with known F4/80-positive macrophage populations, including Langerhans cells of the skin, and permitted convenient sorting of isolated tissue macrophages from disaggregated tissue. Expression of EGFP in transgenic mice was dependent on intron 2 as no lines with detectable EGFP expression were obtained where either all of intron 2 or a conserved enhancer element FIRE (the Fms intronic regulatory element) was removed. We have therefore defined the elements required to generate myeloid- and trophoblast-specific transgenes as well as a model system for the study of mononuclear phagocyte development and function. (C) 2003 by The American Society of Hematology.

Continued discovery of transcriptional units expressed in cells of the mouse mononuclear phagocyte lineage

The current RIKEN transcript set represents a significant proportion of the mouse transcriptome but transcripts expressed in the innate and acquired immune systems are poorly represented. In the present study we have assessed the complexity of the transcriptome expressed in mouse macrophages before and after treatment with lipopolysaccharide, a global regulator of macrophage gene expression, using existing RIKEN 19K arrays. By comparison to array profiles of other cells and tissues, we identify a large set of macrophage-enriched genes, many of which have obvious functions in endocytosis and phagocytosis. In addition, a significant number of LPS-inducible genes were identified. The data suggest that macrophages are a complex source of mRNA for transcriptome studies. To assess complexity and identify additional macrophage expressed genes, cDNA libraries were created from purified populations of macrophage and dendritic cells, a functionally related cell type. Sequence analysis revealed a high incidence of novel mRNAs within these cDNA libraries. These studies provide insights into the depths of transcriptional complexity still untapped amongst products of inducible genes, and identify macrophage and dendritic cell populations as a starting point for sampling the inducible mammalian transcriptome.

Isolation and characterization of a Cotesia rubecula bracovirus gene expressed in the lepidopteran Pieris rapae

Polydnaviruses are endogenous particles that are crucial for the survival of endoparasitoid wasps, providing active suppression of the immune function of the lepidopteran host in which wasp larvae develop. The Cotesia rubecula bracovirus (CrBV) is unique in that only four gene products are detected in larval host (Pieris rapae) tissues and expression of CrBV genes is transient, occurring between 4 and 12 h post-parasitization. Two of the four genes, CrV1 and CrV3, have been characterized. CrV1 is a secreted glycoprotein that has been implicated in depolymerization of the actin cytoskeleton of host haemocytes, leading to haemocyte inactivation; CrV3 is a multimeric C-type lectin that shares homology with insect immune lectins. Here, a third CrBV-specific gene is described, CrV2, which is expressed in larval P. rapae tissues. CrV2, which is transcribed in haemocytes and fat body cells, has an ORF of 963 bp that produces a glycoprotein of approximately 40 kDa. CrV2 is secreted into haemolymph and appears to be internalized by host haemocytes. CrV2 has a coiled-coil region predicted at its C-terminus, which may be involved in the formation of putative CrV2 trimers that are detected in haemolymph of parasitized host larvae.

HMG box transcription factor gene Hbp1 is expressed in germ cells of the developing mouse testis

HMG box containing protein 1 (HBP1) is a high mobility group domain transcriptional repressor that regulates proliferation in differentiated tissues. We have found mouse Hbp1 to be expressed strongly in the embryonic mouse testis from approximately 12.5 days post coitum, compared with low levels of expression in the embryonic ovary. Expression of Hbp1 is maintained in the developing testis beyond the onset of spermatogenesis after birth. Whole-mount in situ hybridisation analysis showed that expression of Hbp1 in the XY gonad is localized within the developing testis cords, the precursors of the seminiferous tubules. Expression of Hbp1 is not apparent in testis cords of gonads from homozygous We mutant embryos, which lack germ cells. In situ hybridisation analysis on cryosectioned embryonic testis indicated that Hbp1 expression resembles that of the germ cell marker Oct4. We conclude that Hbp1 is up-regulated specifically in germ cells of the developing XY gonad. The expression of Hbp1 in XY germ cells appears to correlate with the onset of mitotic arrest in these cells. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Sox8 is expressed at similar levels in gonads of both sexes during the sex determining period in turtles

A critical gene involved in mammalian sex determination and differentiation is the Sty-related gene Sox9. In reptiles, Sox9 resembles that of mammals in both structure and expression pattern in the developing gonad, but a causal role in male sex determination has not been established. A closely related gene, Sox8, is conserved in human, mouse, and trout and is expressed in developing testes and not developing ovaries in mouse. In this study, we tested the possibility of Sox8 being important for sex determination or sex differentiation in the red-eared slider turtle Trachemys scripta, in which sex is determined by egg incubation temperature between stages 15 and 20. We cloned partial turtle Sox8 and anti-Mullerian hormone (Amh) cDNAs, and analyzed the expression patterns of these genes in developing gonads by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and whole-mount in situ hybridization. While Amh is expressed more strongly in males than in females at stage 17, Sox8 is expressed at similar levels in males and females throughout the sex-determining period. These observations suggest that differential transcription of Sill is not responsible for regulation of Amh, nor responsible for sex determination in turtle. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Detection of differentially expressed genes in synovial fibroblasts by restriction fragment differential display

Objective. To identify differentially expressed genes in synovial fibroblasts and examine the effect on gene expression of exposure to TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. Methods. Restriction fragment differential display was used to isolate genes using degenerate primers complementary to the lysophosphatidic acid acyl transferase gene family. Differential gene expression was confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry using a variety of synovial fibroblasts, including cells from patients with osteoarthritis and self-limiting parvovirus arthritis. Results. Irrespective of disease process, synovial fibroblasts constitutively produced higher levels of IL-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) (CCL2) than skin fibroblasts. Seven genes were differentially expressed in synovial fibroblasts compared with skin fibroblasts. Of these genes, four [tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2), growth regulatory oncogene beta (GRObeta), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and granulocyte chemotactic protein 2 (GCP-2)] were all found to be constitutively overexpressed in synoviocytes derived from patients with osteoarthritis. These four genes were only weakly expressed in other synovial fibroblasts (rheumatoid and self-limiting parvovirus infection). However, expression in all types of fibroblasts was increased after stimulation with TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. Three other genes (aggrecan, biglycan and caldesmon) were expressed at higher levels in all types of synovial fibroblasts compared with skin fibroblasts even after stimulation with TNF-alpha and IL-1. Conclusions. Seven genes have been identified with differential expression patterns in terms of disease process (osteoarthritis vs rheumatoid arthritis), state of activation (resting vs cytokine activation) and anatomical location (synovium vs skin). Four of these genes, TFPI2, GRObeta (CXCL2), MnSOD and GCP-2 (CXCL6), were selectively overexpressed in osteoarthritis fibroblasts rather than rheumatoid fibroblasts. While these differences may represent differential behaviour of synovial fibroblasts in in vitro culture, these observations suggest that TFPI2, GRObeta (CXCL2), MnSOD and GCP-2 (CXCL6) may represent new targets for treatments specifically tailored to osteoarthritis.