Frame-level features conveying phonetic information for language and speaker recognition

150 p.

Insight on how fishing bats discern prey and adjust their mechanic and sensorial features during the attack sequence

Several insectivorous bats have included fish in their diet, yet little is known about the processes underlying this trophic shift. We performed three field experiments with wild fishing bats to address how they manage to discern fish from insects and adapt their hunting technique to capture fish. We show that bats react only to targets protruding above the water and discern fish from insects based on prey disappearance patterns. Stationary fish trigger short and shallow dips and a terminal echolocation pattern with an important component of the narrowband and low frequency calls. When the fish disappears during the attack process, bats regulate their attack increasing the number of broadband and high frequency calls in the last phase of the echolocation as well as by lengthening and deepening their dips. These adjustments may allow bats to obtain more valuable sensorial information and to perform dips adjusted to the level of uncertainty on the location of the submerged prey. The observed ultrafast regulation may be essential for enabling fishing to become cost-effective in bats, and demonstrates the ability of bats to rapidly modify and synchronise their sensorial and motor features as a response to last minute stimulus variations.

Transitions in the morphological features, habitat use, and diet of young-of-the-year goosefish (Lophius americanus)

This study was designed to improve our understanding of transitions in the early life history and the distribution, habitat use, and diets for young-of-the-year (YOY) goosefish (Lophius americanus) and, as a result, their role in northeastern U.S. continental shelf ecosystems. Pelagic juveniles (>12 to ca. 50 mm total length [TL]) were distributed over most portions of the continental shelf in the Middle Atlantic Bight, Georges Bank, and into the Gulf of Maine. Most individuals settled by 50−85 mm TL and reached approximately 60−120 mm TL by one year of age. Pelagic YOY fed on chaetognaths, hyperiid amphipods, calanoid copepods, and ostracods, and benthic YOY had a varied diet of fishes and benthic crustaceans. Goosefish are widely scattered on the continental shelf in the Middle Atlantic Bight during their early life history and once settled, are habitat generalists, and thus play a role in many continental shelf habit

Política de escalonamento de recursos computacionais em clusters de física de altas energias

Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta para permitir o uso compartilhado dos recursos computacionais utilizados em um cluster de forma a atender simultaneamente aos quatro experimentos do CERN. A abordagem adotada utiliza o conceito de contratos, onde os requisitos e restrições de cada experimento são descritos em perfis, e uma política de alocação de recursos é definida para manter a utilização dos recursos de forma a atender aos perfis. Propomos um modelo de arquitetura para gerenciar o uso compartilhado de um cluster pelas quatro Organizações Virtuais do LHC. Este modelo de arquitetura é composto de elementos comuns a um cluster típico da Tier-2, acrescidos de funcionalidades para controlar a admissão de novos jobs de todas as Organizações Virtuais do LHC. Este modelo monitora a utilização de recursos do cluster por cada OV, aloca recursos para cada job de acordo com uma política estabelecida para o cluster de forma a procurar respeitar os requisitos de cada uma delas. Definimos um algoritmo para o escalonamento de jobs, que utiliza mecanismos de preempção para controlar a alocação de nós do cluster dependendo o uso corrente e acumulado de recursos por cada OV. Este algoritmo é executado em um dos elementos da arquitetura batizado de broker, dado que o mesmo intermedeia a chegada de novos jobs e a alocação dos nós do cluster, e tem com objetivo manter o controle dos contratos de cada OV. A simulação da arquitetura proposta foi feita no simulador de grades GridSim e os resultados obtidos foram avaliados.