A companion to Greek studies;

Tozer, H.F. Geography.--Tristram, H.B. Fauna.--Tristram, H.B. Flora.--History: 1. Hicks,R.D. Chronology. 2. Chronological Tables.--Jebb, Sir R. Literature.--Philosophy: 1. Jackson, H. Schools to Aristotle. 2. Hicks, R.D. Later Schools.--Gow, J. Science.--Art: 1. Penrose, F.C. Architecture. 2. Waldstein, C. Prehistoric art. 3. Waldstein, C. Sculpture. 4. Earp, F.R. Painting. 5. Smith, A.H. Vase Painting. 6. Smith, A.H. Terracottas. 7. Ridgeway, W. Engraved gems. 8. Hind, R.D. Archer--Music.--Gardner, E.A. Mythology and religion.--Public antiquities: 1. Whibley, L. Constitutions. 2. Wyse, W. Law. 3. Wyse, W. Finance. 4. Mayor, R.J.G. Population. 5. Mayor, R.J.G. Slaves and slavery. 6. Edwards, H.J. Colonies. 7. Edwards, H.J. Commerce and industry. 8. Ridgeway, W. Measures and weights. 9. Ridgeway, W. Money. 10. Oman, C.W.C. War. 11. Cook, A.B. Ships. 12. Gow, J. The calendar.--Private antiquities: 1. Gow, J. A table of the relationships of a man. 2. Harrison, Miss J. Ritual of birth, marriage, and death. 3. Wilkins, A.S. Education. 4. James, M.R. Books and writing. 5. Cornish, F.W. The position of women. 6. Evans, Lady Dress. 7. Gardner, E.A. Daily life, its surroundings, employments and amusements. 8. Gardner, E.A. House and furniture. 9. Allbutt, T.C. Medicine.--Criticism and Interpretation: 1. Neil, R.A. Dialects. 2. Roberts, E.S. Epigraphy. 3. Harris, J.R. Palaeography. 4. Jebb, Sir R. Textual criticism. 5. Verrall, A.W. Metre. 6. Sandys, J.E. History of scholarship.--Indices.

Pronouncing musical dictionary; containing all Italian, German, and French terms in ordinary use;

Includes a list of musicians of the l8th and 19th centuries giving name, nationality and dates of birth & death.

Children and war

Children bear disproportionate consequences of armed conflict. The 21st century continues to see patterns of children enmeshed in international violence between opposing combatant forces, as victims of terrorist warfare, and, perhaps most tragically of all, as victims of civil wars. Innocent children so often are the victims of high-energy wounding from military ordinance. They sustain high-energy tissue damage and massive burns - injuries that are not commonly seen in civilian populations. Children have also been deliberately targeted victims in genocidal civil wars in Africa in the past decade, and hundreds of thousands have been killed and maimed in the context of close-quarter, hand-to-hand assaults of great ferocity. Paediatricians serve as uniformed military surgeons and as civilian doctors in both international and civil wars, and have a significant strategic role to play as advocates for the rights and welfare of children in the context of the evolving 'Laws of War'. One chronic legacy of contemporary warfare is blast injury to children from landmines. Such blasts leave children without feet or lower limbs, with genital injuries, blindness and deafness. This pattern of injury has become one of the post-civil war syndromes encountered by all intensivists and surgeons serving in four of the world's continents. The continued advocacy for the international ban on the manufacture, commerce and military use of antipersonnel landmines is a part of all paediatricians' obligation to promote the ethos of the Laws of War. Post-traumatic stress disorder remains an undertreated legacy of children who have been trapped in the shot and shell of battle as well as those displaced as refugees. An urgent, unfocused and unmet challenge has been the increase in, and plight of, child soldiers themselves. A new class of combatant comprises these children, who also become enmeshed in the triad of anarchic civil war, light-weight weaponry and drug or alcohol addiction. The International Criminal Court has outlawed as a War Crime, the conscription of children under 15 years of age. Nevertheless, there remain more than 300 000 child soldiers active and enmeshed in psychopathic violence as part of both civil and international warfare. The typical profile of a child soldier is of a boy between the ages of 8 and 18 years, bonded into a group of armed peers, almost always an orphan, drug or alcohol addicted, amoral, merciless, illiterate and dangerous. Paediatricians have much to do to protect such war-enmeshed children, irrespective of the accident of their place of birth. Only by such vigorous and maintained advocacy can the world's children be better protected from the scourge of future wars.

Medicalizing meaning: demoralization syndrome and the desire to die

Objective: To critically analyse the proposed new psychiatric condition, demoralization syndrome, and the implications drawn by its proponents for the clinical-ethical status of requests by terminally ill patients for assistance to die. Method: The diagnostic features of demoralization syndrome, a proposed new psychiatric disorder, recognizable particularly in palliative care settings, are summarized. The consequences of proposed therapeutic interventions are described, one of which is relief of the desperation which motivates some demoralized patients to consider ending their lives and to seek assistance in dying. The connections between the proposed condition and the desire to die are analysed in the context of the continuing tensions surrounding the ontological status and sociopolitical implications of psychiatric categories and the pervasive medicalization of modern life. Results: The analysis suggests that by medicalizing existential cognitions at the end of life, the proposed diagnostic category also normalizes a particular moral view concerning assistance in dying. Conclusions: While further research into the issues described in this provisional syndrome may benefit some patients, the categorization of demoralization as a medical diagnosis is a questionable extension of psychiatry's influence, which could serve particular social, political and cultural views concerning the end of life.

Lifestyle still predicts mortality in older men with established vascular disease

Background. It is uncertain whether accepted associations between health behaviors and mortality are pertinent to elderly people. No previous studies have examined the patterns of lifestyle in elderly men with and without clinically evident vascular disease by using a lifestyle score to predict survival. Methods. We measured prevalence of a healthy lifestyle (four or more healthy behaviors out of eight) and examined survival in 11,745 men aged 65-83 years participating in a randomized population-based trial of screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm in Perth, Western Australia. After stratifying participants into five groups according to history and symptoms of vascular disease, we compared survival of men in each subgroup with that of 'healthy' men with no history or symptoms of vascular disease. Results. Invitations to screening produced a corrected response of 70.5%. After adjusting for age and place of birth, having an unhealthy lifestyle was associated with an increase of 20% in the likelihood of death from any cause within 5 years (95% CI: 10-30%). This pattern was consistently evident across subgroups defined by history of vascular disease, but was less evident for deaths from vascular disease. Conclusions. Our results highlight the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle through to old age, regardless of history of vascular disease. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

25 DE DEZEMBRO: SIMBOLISMOS E APROXIMAÇÕES ENTRE OS DEUSES APOLO, HÉLIOS, MITRA E JESUS CRISTO UMA ANÁLISE EM MITOLOGIA COMPARADA

O Solstício de Inverno demonstra, a importância do sol como elemento proporcionador da vida, em inúmeras culturas européias e orientais. Os gregos, de modo um tanto distinto de outros povos, constituíram sua mítica, cultuando dois deuses solares, que se alternaram nas crenças e nos cultos deste povo: Hélios e Apolo. Os latinos, que absorvem parte da mítica grega, cultuando estas divindades, trazem progressivamente, outro deus sol para ser adorado: a divindade persa Mitra. O cristianismo que migra de sua origem local e cultural, para as cidades latinas, principalmente Roma, no primeiro século, provoca e enfrenta um combate constante com as crenças pagãs, principalmente as crenças solares, conseguindo progressivamente, uma supremacia, até o ponto em que as religiões não cristãs, são suprimidas, processo iniciado com o imperador Constantino e finalizado com Teodósio. Entretanto, o imaginário das culturas derrotadas pelo cristianismo, não consegue ser eliminado completamente; os deuses pagãos se instalam, em diversos elementos da nova religião, como na comemoração do nascimento de Jesus Cristo, defendido pela igreja, como acontecido em 25 de dezembro. O período na verdade, era milenarmente anterior ao surgimento do cristianismo, como data do nascimento do deus Mitra, e próximo do Solstício de Inverno, onde eram cultuados os deuses Apolo e Hélios, transformados na cultura latina no culto ao Sol Invicto.

Crump-Mode-Jagers Branching Process: Modelling and Application for Human Population

2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 60J85, 92D25.

Resiliência e apoio social em gestantes tardias

The gestation process, in general, is a very important event on a woman’s life and it brings phisical, phisiological and emotional changes, which by itself is an experience full of intense feelings. By late-aged pregnancy we mean those which occurs at the age of 35 or further. The occurance of this type of pregnancy is rising in Brasil and throughout the world, factors such as, better access to birth control resources and the search for financial stability explains the pregnancy delay. Important processes like resilience and social support can help late-aged pregnant women, in a benefical way, to adapt to the gestation process. Resilience is the capacity that a certain individual or group of individuals have to go through an adverse situation, be able to overcome it and become streghtened, transforming it in motivation for its biopsichosocial development. Social support is a complex and dinamic process that involves transactions between individuals and their social networks, meeting the social needs, promoting and complementing the personal resources that they have to face new demands. This research has the intention of raising information about the issues of late-aged pregnant women in the County of Natal- RN, the main objective was to evaluate the resilience indicators and the social support on late-aged pregnant women in the Natal-RN County. A transversal cut, correlational and descriptive research that was done with 150 lateaged pregnant women. The tools that were used were: A form with sociodemographic and gestation info, the scale of resilience and social support. An eletronic spreadsheet sofware (Excel e SPSS 21.0) was used to analize data which helped on the statistics according to its variables and the objective of this work. For the nominal variables, relative frequencies were used and for continuous the Pearson correlation and determination coefficient were used, regarding that; the sample had a normal distribution. The project fulfilled the ethnic aspects prescribed by Resolution 466/12 of the National Health Council, with a favorable decision (356.436/ 2013) of the UFRN Ethics on Research Committee. Most of the pregnant women had a low money income and education level, born in the state of Rio Grande do Norte they had an average age of 37,49 (±2,577), catholic, married, house wives, they had more than one child and were on their third trimester of pregnancy; they also had a low past abortion rate, not having planned their pregnancy, with an average of 4,22 (±2,506) pre-natal appointments, residing with an average of 3,673 (±1,397) people, having used any sort of birth control device and having high indicators of resilience and social support. The correlations kept between resilience, social support and some of the social demographics and gestation variables were considered low. Such data points out the fact that most of these women were in a stable relationship; they hadn’t had a past of abortion, they were involved with some kind of religion, they were not first pregnancy mothers, had an age on which they are not considered inexperienced mothers and even had scored high on the social support scale, these may all possibly be the most contributing factors on development and resilience building on these 35 years or more mothers. We expect that the data and information from this research may add up knowledge, actions and improvements regarding late-aged pregnant women and the pregnancy phenomena in general.

Reanimação neonatal: capacitação de profissionais de saúde com base na aprendizagem baseada em problemas

In whole world, including in Brazil, there is an absence of professionals who are able to be present at the moment of birth and give to the newborn the cares that they need to because either an absence of opportunity or inappropriate training to those professionals. This master´s thesis describes a construction and application of a neonatal resuscitation course that uses the problem based learning (PBL) methodology. The course has done in two meetings, one for the tutorial session, and another for practice session. The students were divided in groups of eight students each, under supervision of two teachers with experience in PBL methodology. The experience was considered successfully because there were students involvement and motivation. Some course aspects were rebuilt for its upgrading, like the correct use of methodology and building of custom educational material for students learning necessity. It suggests that the course can be used by the medical and nursing schools and perhaps other kind of health courses.

Influência da paridade, do tipo de parto e do nível de atividade física sobre a musculatura do assoalho pélvico em mulheres na pós-menopausa

The post-menopause stage is characterized by hormonal and organic alterations of ovarian failure. One of the most important of these is muscles alterations of the pelvic floor (MPF). According to current literature, in young women gynecological and obstetric factors, as well as lifestyles and habits influence that loss of function. However, there is still uncertainty about the influence of those variables in the MPF functions in post-menopause women. Thus, this study aimed at seeing if there is an influence from number of births, the type of birth and the level of physical activity on the MPF of post-menopause women. Another objective of this study was to compare MPF force in women who had had vaginal births with those who had been subjected to cesarean sections, those with different levels of physical activity and those with artificial and natural menopause in the initial and latter stages. Furthermore, the test of muscular force was compared to perineometry. Using observational, analytical and transversal observations, 100 women in the post-menopausal stage of life, between the ages of 45 and 65, were examined. They were divided according to the menopausal stage into three groups: women who had undergone hysterectomies, those in the initial stages of postmenopause and those in the late stage of postmenpause. The patients were questioned about social, demographic, gynecological and obstetric factors. All the volunteers were submitted to a physical examination where their height and weight were measured to arrive at the corporal mass index and their waist measurements were taken. The evaluation of the pelvic floor was conducted with muscular force tests and perineometry. These results were analyzed with statistical description and ANOVA statistical tests, multiple regression and Kolmogorov-Smirnov evaluations. The results showed homogeneity with regard to social demographic and anthropometric characteristics among the women in the final test sample (n=85). It was also seen that most of the women in all three groups were married (p=0.51) and catholic (p=0.13). The average per capital income varied between $R585.47 (+/-466.67) and $R1,271.83 (+/-1,748.95), with no significant difference between the groups (p=0.05). The G>6 group presented an average age between 58.95 (+/-3.96) which was significantly greater that the G<6 group´s average age (53.21+/- 3.88) (p=0.000). There was no difference between the groups´ anthropometric characteristics of weight (p=0.32), height (p=0.72) and corporal mass index (p=0.34), nor in the waist measurements (p=0.33). Furthermore, no significant difference was noted in the MPF function of women who had had normal births, cesarean sections or a combination of the two (TFM p=0.897; perineum measurement p=0.502). Likewise, no differences were seen in the MPF function of women who had one, two to three or four or more births (TFM p=0.28, perineum measurement p=0.13). Finally, no difference was perceived among those with different levels of physical activity (TFM p=0.663; perineum measurement p=0.741). Therefore, we found that the type of delivery, number of births and physical activity had no influence on the muscular function of the pelvic floor among the women studied. It is believed that decline in muscular function in post-menopause women is fundamentally related to the process of aging.

Perfil de mães e o desfecho do nascimento prematuro ou termo

The birth or delivery under 37 weeks of pregnancy is considered a global public health problem, since it is seen as one of the main risk factors for neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in the first week of life. This study had the objective of analyzing the profile of mothers of premature and full-term babies for the outcome of birth. This is an analytical-descriptive and cross-sectional study, with a sample of 109 mothers of all the premature babies and 135 mothers of the randomly selected full-term babies, by drawing, occurred in the period from April to September 2015, in a public maternity. Data were organized on Microsoft Excel 2013; subsequently, there was the analysis of the analytical-descriptive statistics, through Statistica 10, through which the frequencies, proportions, p values, with 5% significance level, through the Chi-square test, were identified. The project was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, receiving a favorable opinion (nº 1047431/2015). This study has enabled us to identify that the socioeconomic profile of mothers of premature and full-term babies showed, in both, low schooling level and low income. In addition, our data point out in the two groups, before and during pregnancy, a high prevalence of sedentariness; statistical significance for overweight and obesity before and during pregnancy, with 42,22% prevalence before pregnancy of mothers of premature babies and 48,62% of mothers of full-term babies; with high blood pressure during pregnancy in 32,11% of mothers of premature babies and 17,04% of mothers of full-term babies. Moreover, pregnancy was only planned in 33,33%, and also unwanted by 21,1% of mothers of premature babies, while 40,37% of mothers of full-term babies planned pregnancy and 17,78% had unwanted pregnancy. With respect to the aggravating factor “illicit drugs”, there was consumption during pregnancy on the part of 8,26% of mothers of premature babies. The most frequent complications were: vaginal bleeding (in 43,12% of mothers of premature babies and 20% of mothers of full-term babies); urinary infection (in 44,95% of mothers of premature babies and 40% of mothers of full-term babies); and stressful pregnancy (in 62,96% of mothers of premature babies and 47,41% of mothers of full-term babies). Accordingly, babies were born with health problems in 58,10% of premature births and there was healthy birth in 96,30% of full-term babies. Therefore, the profile of mothers with obesity and overweight, unwanted pregnancy, user of illegal drugs during pregnancy, stressful pregnancy and vaginal bleeding may be associated with the birth of premature baby as unfavorable and hazardous event for the child’s health.

Perfil de mães e o desfecho do nascimento prematuro ou termo

The birth or delivery under 37 weeks of pregnancy is considered a global public health problem, since it is seen as one of the main risk factors for neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in the first week of life. This study had the objective of analyzing the profile of mothers of premature and full-term babies for the outcome of birth. This is an analytical-descriptive and cross-sectional study, with a sample of 109 mothers of all the premature babies and 135 mothers of the randomly selected full-term babies, by drawing, occurred in the period from April to September 2015, in a public maternity. Data were organized on Microsoft Excel 2013; subsequently, there was the analysis of the analytical-descriptive statistics, through Statistica 10, through which the frequencies, proportions, p values, with 5% significance level, through the Chi-square test, were identified. The project was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, receiving a favorable opinion (nº 1047431/2015). This study has enabled us to identify that the socioeconomic profile of mothers of premature and full-term babies showed, in both, low schooling level and low income. In addition, our data point out in the two groups, before and during pregnancy, a high prevalence of sedentariness; statistical significance for overweight and obesity before and during pregnancy, with 42,22% prevalence before pregnancy of mothers of premature babies and 48,62% of mothers of full-term babies; with high blood pressure during pregnancy in 32,11% of mothers of premature babies and 17,04% of mothers of full-term babies. Moreover, pregnancy was only planned in 33,33%, and also unwanted by 21,1% of mothers of premature babies, while 40,37% of mothers of full-term babies planned pregnancy and 17,78% had unwanted pregnancy. With respect to the aggravating factor “illicit drugs”, there was consumption during pregnancy on the part of 8,26% of mothers of premature babies. The most frequent complications were: vaginal bleeding (in 43,12% of mothers of premature babies and 20% of mothers of full-term babies); urinary infection (in 44,95% of mothers of premature babies and 40% of mothers of full-term babies); and stressful pregnancy (in 62,96% of mothers of premature babies and 47,41% of mothers of full-term babies). Accordingly, babies were born with health problems in 58,10% of premature births and there was healthy birth in 96,30% of full-term babies. Therefore, the profile of mothers with obesity and overweight, unwanted pregnancy, user of illegal drugs during pregnancy, stressful pregnancy and vaginal bleeding may be associated with the birth of premature baby as unfavorable and hazardous event for the child’s health.

Dynamic classifiers for neonatal brain monitoring

Brain injury due to lack of oxygen or impaired blood flow around the time of birth, may cause long term neurological dysfunction or death in severe cases. The treatments need to be initiated as soon as possible and tailored according to the nature of the injury to achieve best outcomes. The Electroencephalogram (EEG) currently provides the best insight into neurological activities. However, its interpretation presents formidable challenge for the neurophsiologists. Moreover, such expertise is not widely available particularly around the clock in a typical busy Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Therefore, an automated computerized system for detecting and grading the severity of brain injuries could be of great help for medical staff to diagnose and then initiate on-time treatments. In this study, automated systems for detection of neonatal seizures and grading the severity of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) using EEG and Heart Rate (HR) signals are presented. It is well known that there is a lot of contextual and temporal information present in the EEG and HR signals if examined at longer time scale. The systems developed in the past, exploited this information either at very early stage of the system without any intelligent block or at very later stage where presence of such information is much reduced. This work has particularly focused on the development of a system that can incorporate the contextual information at the middle (classifier) level. This is achieved by using dynamic classifiers that are able to process the sequences of feature vectors rather than only one feature vector at a time.

El territorio nacional de Misiones a través de su población : aproximaciones a partir del censo de territorios nacionales de 1920

El presente artículo propone el análisis de la composición socio-demográfica del territorio de Misiones a partir de los resultados del censo específico de territorios nacionales de 1920. Este análisis abordará tanto los resultados de este censo, como sus condiciones de producción y los objetivos políticos que inspiraron su realización. A través de este análisis se buscará, en primer lugar, abordar la realización de este censo como parte de la agenda de ampliación de derechos políticos del gobierno radical de la Argentina. En segundo lugar, conocer las características generales de la población de Misiones, en cuanto a su composición según sexo, edades y origen. En tercer lugar, observar las características poblacionales en las zonas fronterizas del territorio. El objetivo será aportar al conocimiento socio-demográfico de Misiones, en tanto permite observar las particularidades en la composición poblacional de las zonas fronterizas que constituyeron los escenarios de un conjunto de movimientos políticos de carácter transfronterizo entre las décadas de 1920 y 1930.

El territorio nacional de Misiones a través de su población : aproximaciones a partir del censo de territorios nacionales de 1920

El presente artículo propone el análisis de la composición socio-demográfica del territorio de Misiones a partir de los resultados del censo específico de territorios nacionales de 1920. Este análisis abordará tanto los resultados de este censo, como sus condiciones de producción y los objetivos políticos que inspiraron su realización. A través de este análisis se buscará, en primer lugar, abordar la realización de este censo como parte de la agenda de ampliación de derechos políticos del gobierno radical de la Argentina. En segundo lugar, conocer las características generales de la población de Misiones, en cuanto a su composición según sexo, edades y origen. En tercer lugar, observar las características poblacionales en las zonas fronterizas del territorio. El objetivo será aportar al conocimiento socio-demográfico de Misiones, en tanto permite observar las particularidades en la composición poblacional de las zonas fronterizas que constituyeron los escenarios de un conjunto de movimientos políticos de carácter transfronterizo entre las décadas de 1920 y 1930.