999 resultados para mancha-negra
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Este trabalho pretende explorar algumas peculiaridades lingüísticas da comunidade negra de João Ramalho, na região de Assis, SP, tendo em vista o isolamento em que essa comunidade vive. Este isolamento é resultado de uma atitude bastante resistente à inter-relação com membros de outros grupos.
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Trata-se de um artigo que discute as representações sociais da mãe negra presentes, sobretudo, nos jornais e nos depoimentos de ativistas negros. A partir desta abordagem, descortinou-se o processo de construção de um símbolo feminino atrelado à análise da função da mulher negra como ama-de-leite e a experiência sócio cultural da população negra. As evocações ao símbolo da mãe negra surgiram ainda nas comemorações das datas históricas, ocorridas no centro da cidade de São Paulo, durante o século XX.
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Odontológicas - FOAR
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O estudo das inter-relações entre língua e sociedade, a partir de um corpus jornalístico, é o foco primordial desse livro. Trata-se da investigação do sistema de formas de tratamento nos jornais da Imprensa Negra paulista - movimento realizado por negros e destinado a essa população no período posterior à abolição da escravatura no Brasil - e em O Combate - jornal de circulação mais ampla na cidade de São Paulo no início do século XX. As formas de tratamento representam um exemplo privilegiado da relação entre a escolha linguística e seu motivador social. Elas foram analisadas a partir da relação de alguns pontos de vista teóricos, a saber: o estudo do jornal como um hipergênero, proposta de Bonini (2003, 2004, 2006), com o intuito de se avaliar as características peculiares de cada um dos gêneros do jornal; a proposta de análise da situação do interlocutor no momento da enunciação de Soto (2001); a investigação das marcas de interatividade, proposta por Andrade (2008); e a semântica do poder e da solidariedade de Brown e Gilman (1972 [1960]). O estudo desse fenômeno linguístico revelou à necessidade dos negros do período de conquistarem um espaço na sociedade paulistana da época e, dessa forma, a Imprensa Negra representava um espaço de circulação de sua voz na sociedade.
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Macrospora leaf spot, caused by the fungus Stenocarpella macrospora, has shown to be frequent and important among corn fields in Brazil. Genetic resistance is one of the main strategies to control corn leaf diseases. In Brazil, there is scarce information on the resistance of hybrids to Stenocarpella macrospora. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reaction of 25 corn hybrids to macrospora leaf spot. The experiment was conducted in 2011, in a greenhouse under controlled temperature and relative humidity conditions. Experimental design was completely randomized, with five replicates, each experimental unit consisting of a pot with five plants. Inoculation was done in the V2 growth stage (two fully expanded leaves), and the whorl of each plant received 2.0 mL suspension of 1.8 x 10(4) conidia mL-1 pathogen. The four used fungal isolates were obtained from infected crop residues at the municipalities Lages and Quilombo, Santa Catarina State, and Campinas do Sul and Vacaria, Rio Grande do Sul State. Disease severity was assessed at 21 days after inoculation in the V4 stage (four fully expanded leaves). No tested hybrid was totally resistant to the fungus S. macrospora. There was a significant difference in the disease severity between hybrids and fungal isolates. Hybrids inoculated with Quilombo isolate showed four reaction groups, while the isolates Vacaria, Lages and Campinas do Sul showed two groups. Some hybrids had varied behaviors against the isolates, suggesting different aggressiveness levels. There were hybrids that showed similar reaction to the isolates, suggesting greater stability for macrospora leaf spot.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of potassium and nitrogen on the severity of black rot and yield of head. The experiment was carried out in split plots with factorial subplots, in randomized blocks with four replications. In the plots we assessed the influence of inoculation (injured plants with distilled water and inoculated with Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris) and in the subplots we evaluated the 4 x 4 factorial, potassium doses (0, 275, 550 and 825 kg ha-1) and nitrogen (0, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha-1). The hybrid Broccoli BRO68 was inoculated using the toothpick method at 64 days after sowing. We observed that potassium in the plant reduced the disease, but nitrogen increased disease. We estimated that the highest levels of potassum in the plant reduced the severity of the disease but lack or excess of nitrogen increased disease severity. The highest production of broccoli inflorescence was obtained at doses from 541 to 751 kg ha-1 of K2O and 286 to 328 kg ha-1 of N. However, when considering a balanced fertilization to obtain higher yield and size of inflorescences and greater resistance to black rot, the ideal doses are 283 kg ha-1 of N and 550 kg ha-1 of K2O.
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The chemical control of the causal agent of citrus black spot (CBS) has been highlighted for the excessive required number of sprayings, considerably increasing citrus production costs. Improvements in the spray efficiency and reductions in the quantity of phytosanitary products have already been searched, but the results of that practice are not consistent yet for its use at commercial scale. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the interference of reduced spray volumes in black spot control in citrus fruits. The experiment was carried out in commercial citrus orchard with 16-year-old plants of 'Valencia' variety, during 2007 agricultural season. Treatments consisted of three spray volumes: 3.5; 4.5 and 8.5 liters.plant-1, applied with Arbus 2000/Export airblast sprayer with special manifold of hydraulic nozzles, using fungicides and periods recommended for the disease control, totaling four sprayings plus a control treatment (without spray). The disease incidence and severity were evaluated by visual diagrammatic scale of notes in two different periods (preharvest and harvest), at three plant heights (low, middle and top) and three horizontal sections (entrance, frontal and exit) in two sides of the plant. The fallen fruits were counted every fifteen days, for previously selected plants, from the beginning of maturation to harvest, and the production was quantified (kg.plant-1). The disease incidence and severity were significantly lower when sprayings were done with 8.5 liters.plant-1 in the first evaluation period (pre-harvest), but in the harvest period there were not differences between the same parameters when 4.5 or 8.5 liters.plant-1 were sprayed. None of those treatments reduced the disease on the top section of plants, compared to control. The plant sections with fruits more exposed to sun rays, top and right side of the plant, demonstrated higher disease incidence and severity. The volume reduction from 8.5 to 4.5 liters.plant-1 can be adopted for citrus orchards without damaging the CBS control level.