Effects of insecticides used in corn on immature stages of trichogramma atopovirilia (hymenoptera: trichogrammatidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Perfil lipídico sérico e ede ácidos graxos do tecido adiposo em cadelas com tumores mamários: caso-controle

Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Animal - FMVZ

Short-term changes in handgrip strength, body composition, and lymphedema induced by breast cancer surgery

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Care to mastectomy with axillary lymphadenectomy, lymphedema prevention: An integrative review

Objective: to examine the care provided to women affected by breast cancer and who has performed axillary lymphadenectomy. Method: integrative review conducted in the databases LILACS and PubMed between 2000 and 2012, leaving the question << What care is provided to prevent lymphedema in women who underwent lymphadenectomy? >> Resulting in 18 articles, analyzed under the following variables: author, title, methodology, year, journal, goal, prevention and control of lymphedema therapies and adherence to rehabilitation. Results: three categories are identified for rehabilitation of patient: prevention and control, therapies and adherence. Conclusion: preoperative is poorly addressed by; emphasizes the importance of home visits as part of rehabilitation, which is effective with the accession of the patient who needs information for its follow-up, no need for a guideline for this type treatment.

Análise fitoquímica de Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil. e efeito do tratamento crônico sobre o peso corporal e sobre o comportamento de ratas ovariectomizadas

Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

Comportamento de vacas e bezerros Girolandos em pastagem e sua relação com o nível de cortisol fecal como indicador de estresse

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Tendência de mortalidade de idosos por doenças crônicas no município de Marília-SP, Brasil: 1998 a 2000 e 2005 a 2007

OBJECTIVE: to describe elderly mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and neoplasms in Marilia (SP). METHODS: this is a descriptive study of mortality from three diseases as defined by the 10th International Classification of Diseases, between 1998-2000 and 2005-2007. Mortality Information System records were used. Mortality rates by age and sex were calculated. RESULTS: circulatory diseases were the main causes of death among the elderly (39.25%). Neoplasm decline was noticed in both sexes and in those aged 60-69, particularly prostate cancer in men (-83.86%) and breast cancer (-70.96%) in this age group. Deaths from respiratory diseases increased in patients aged 80 and older: 39.31% in men and 57.92% in women. CONCLUSION: mortality from circulatory diseases and neoplasms among the elderly showed a decline, with increased mortality from respiratory system problems in patients 80 years of age and older.

Análise de metilação da região promotora do gene RASSF1 em linhagens celulares derivadas de carcinomas mamários

O câncer de mama é o tipo de neoplasia que mostra as maiores taxas de mortalidade entre as mulheres no Brasil, provavelmente pelo fato de que, na maioria dos casos, a doença é diagnosticada em estadios avançados, dificultando o sucesso do tratamento. Dessa forma, essa doença é considerada um problema crítico de saúde pública. O câncer é uma doença que se caracteriza por sucessivas alterações genéticas e epigenéticas que causam um crescimento e multiplicação celular desordenados. A hipermetilação da região promotora de genes específicos pode levar ao silenciamento gênico, um evento importante no processo da carcinogênese. Este estudo analisou o padrão de metilação da isoforma RASSF1A do gene RASSF1 em linhagens celulares derivadas de carcinoma mamário. Esse gene está mapeado na região cromossômica 3p21.3 e, segundo dados da literatura, atua como supressor tumoral. O principal objetivo desse estudo foi investigar a presença de hipermetilação na região promotora desse gene em linhagens celulares de carcinomas mamários. Para a realização dessa análise foi empregada a metodologia de MSP (Methylation-specific Polymerase Chain Reaction) convencional e de qMSP (Methylation-Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction quantitativa em tempo real). Todas as linhagens de carcinomas mamários analisadas no estudo (MCF7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453, MDA-MB-134 e SKBR3) apresentaram um padrão hipermetilado na região promotora do gene RASSF1 corroborando com dados da literatura que relacionam a inativação desse gene à hipermetilação do promotor. Estes dados, associados aos obtidos em uma análise paralela realizada em nosso laboratório que demonstrou a re-expressão do gene RASSF1 após o tratamento com o agente desmetilante 5 aza 2’desoxicitidina, confirmam a regulação epigenética desse gene supressor tumoral

Metodologia de avaliação e análise de termografia em equinos

A análise termográfica é uma tecnologia proveniente da engenharia e utilizada na Segunda Guerra Mundial para detecção de forças armadas inimigas. Foi aplicada inicialmente na medicina para avaliação de articulações com artrites e hoje apresenta importante função no diagnóstico de câncer de mama em mulheres. Na medicina veterinária, há mais de trinta anos é técnica de diagnóstico auxiliar na clínica de equinos, para avaliação de processos inflamatórios tais como tendinites, desmites, artrites, miosites ou ainda no diagnóstico de fraturas, lesões na coluna ou em nervos periféricos. Por ser uma técnica com alta sensibilidade, exige que seu operador tenha treinamento e doutrinamento, não só para a execução dos exames, mas também para a análise de seus resultados. Diante disso, muitos pesquisadores afirmaram que os exames termográficos de aplicabilidade científica deveriam ser realizados em local com temperatura controlada, em torno de 23oC. Ao se trabalhar com equinos, torna-se difícil encontrar ambientes amplos o suficiente e com controle de temperatura para que os exames sejam feitos, o que praticamente inviabilizaria o uso da termografia na pesquisa com cavalos. Assim, este trabalho propôs um método de padronização das temperaturas que permite realizar termografias de extremidades de membros em ambientes variando entre 18 e 35oC. O método proposto, nomeado como PadTemp, foi validado em cavalos saudáveis e aplicado em experimentos de verificação de eficácia de fármacos e de acompanhamento de cirurgias ortopédicas.

Atividade antitumoral e imunológica de abrina e pulchelina em tumor mamário murino

O termo “câncer” corresponde ao conjunto de cerca de 100 doenças que têm em comum o crescimento desordenado de células que invadem os tecidos e órgãos, podendo metastatisar para outras regiões do corpo. Os tumores de mama e colo do útero são os mais frequentes no sexo feminino. Neste estudo, avaliou-se o efeito tóxico de injeções intratumorais de abrina e pulchelina com ou sem β-D-galactose sobre o desenvolvimento do tumor mamário murino, verificando sua influência sobre o sistema imune. Proteínas inativadoras de ribossomos (RIPs) abrina, obtida de sementes de Abrus precatorius, e pulchelina, de sementes maduras de Abrus pulchellus subsp. tenuiflorus, foram utilizadas e como droga controle foi usada a Doxorrubicina. As RIPs foram administradas em camundongos fêmeas Balb/c. A partir dos tumores retirados dos animais em estudo, verificou-se o percentual de inibição do crescimento tumoral, medindo-se o tamanho e os pesos dos tumore. A partir de culturas de macrófagos obtidos dos animais de estudo, avaliou-se a produção de NO, TNF-α e IL-12 pelas RIPs na presença ou ausência de β-D-galactose. A IL-10 foi quantificada a partir de linfócitos esplênicos. A viabilidade celular foi verificada quando as células foram sujeitas às ações das RIPs. Com base nos resultados obtidos, observou-se que as RIPs não apresentaram potencial antitumoral, pois não houve redução do tamanho do tumor em relação ao controle, exceto pela abrina (p<0,05). Contudo, verificou-se que houve um possível efeito inibitório da toxicidade de abrina e pulchelina pela galactose sobre as células tumorais. As substâncias testadas (abrina, pulchelina e doxorrubicina) nas concentrações utilizadas nos testes de citotoxicidade ...

Controle de qualidade em equipamentos mamográficos

Nowadays the mammography is the most effective way of revealing early breast cancer. The image in this kind of exam is gotten trough a x-ray sheaf of low energy, however, the suitable visualization of the interesting structures by the radiologist is not always possible due several factors that appears since the mamma composition until the equipments limitation. The regulation 453/98 sets quality control tests and limits of acceptation that guarantee a good development of the mammographys. The purpose of this study is the 3D principle ( Diagnostic, Dose and Dollar), that means, an improved diagnosis, a dose reduction in the patient and a cost decrease for the Institution. In this study was made the quality control tests set by the Regulation in two mammography equipments from Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (HCFMB - UNESP). The results reached in this research were used in the renovation process of quality stamp in mammography granted by Colégio Brasileiro de Radiologia (CBR) to the diagnosis by image from the HCFMB – UNESP

Expressão da ciclooxigenase – 2 (COX-2) em carcinomas mamários espontâneos em cadelas

The immunohistochemistry regarding the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) for the woman’s breast cancer became a routine application due to the biological relevance. It is possible that COX-2 is closely related to tumor angiogenesis, inhibition of apoptosis mechanism, adhesion and metastasis. Herewith the COX-2 expression contributes to verify the malignant potential of the breast cancer. However it is slightly used in female dog’s spontaneous breast carcinomas. Keeping this in mind, the \cox-2 inhibitions appear as a promising perspective for the prevention and treatment of some sorts of cancer. The present dissertation had as main purpose to show the occurrence of the COX-2 expression in some of the female dog’s spontaneous breast carcinomas

Estudo da toxicidade de diferentes doses do Diuron (3-(3,4 -dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) no epitélio da bexiga de ratos wistas machos por microscopia eletrônica de varredura

Diuron (3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) is a substituted urea herbicide widely used on agricultural crops such as soy, cotton and sugar cane. In a previous long-term study this herbicide exerted carcinogenic activity on the urinary bladder and renal pelvis mucosa of Wistar rats and breast of mice. Also, it was shown to be carcinogenic to the mice skin in a initiation-promotion assay. In 1997, the northamerican EPA evaluated Diuron as a “known/likely” carcinogen for humans (USEPA, 2004). In a previous study developed at this laboratory, male Wistar rats treated with Diuron 2500 ppm during 20 weeks presented increased indices of cell proliferation and incidences of simple urothelial hyperplasia (HS) in the urinary bladder. Under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) severe urothelial necrosis and hyperplasia were observed. However, in that study the urinary bladders of animals exposed to lower doses of Diuron were not examined under SEM. Therefore, the possible dose-response influence of Diuron on the urothelium under SEM is not known. The present study aimed to analyze under SEM the urinary bladder of male Wistar rats exposed to 125 ppm, 500 ppm and 2500 ppm doses of Diuron through diet during 20 weeks and to compare to the previous histological findings in the same material. Under SEM, 125 ppm and 2500 ppm groups presented significantly (p<0,05) increased incidences of simple hyperplasia, i.e., 7/10 and 8/10 respectively, compared to control group and the 500 ppm group The sensitivity of SEM was higher since it detected a 45% incidence of hyperplasiaswhile the histological analysis found only 27%. Considering SEM as the gold-standard, histology showed a 44% sensitivity, 86.4% specificity, a positive predictive value of 72,7% and negative predictive value of 65,5% and accuracy of 67,5%. Scanning Electron Microscopy...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Expressão do gene Glipican 3 (Gpc3) no urotélio da bexiga de ratos expostos ao diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) por 7 dias e 20 semanas

Diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) is a substituted urea herbicide widely used in crops of sugar cane, cotton and soybeans. In 1997, this agent has been classified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency as known/likely human carcinogen because it induced tumors in the urinary bladder and renal pelvis of rats, and breast and skin of mice exposed to 2500 ppm for feed for two years. A previous study from our group demonstrated dose-response relationship in the gene expression profile associated with severe necrosis on bladder urothelium and increased incidence of simple hyperplasia in male Wistar rats treated with different concentrations of diuron for 20 weeks. To check how early the molecular changes occurs, rats were fed for 7 days with diets containing diuron at 0, 125, 500 or 2500 ppm. The main observations recorded were urothelium ultrastructural alterations and disruptions of molecular pathways associated with cell-cell interaction and the tissue organization maintenance. Particularly, the gene Glypican 3 (Gpc3), a surface proteoglycan related to cellular adhesion and apoptosis induction, was down regulated on urothelium exposed to 2500ppm diuron for 7 days and 20 weeks. The aim of this study was validate by quantitative RT-PCR real time, the reduced Gpc3 gene expression in epithelial cells of the urinary bladder of male Wistar rats treated with different concentrations of diuron for 7 days and 20 weeks. The endogenous control of the quantitative PCR real time technique was the β-actin gene and the target was the gene Gpc3. The relative quantification (RQ) was obtained by the method of relative quantification 2-ΔΔCt . Animals exposed to diuron for 7 days or for 20 weeks presented reduction of Gpc3 gene expression compared to the control group. This reduction was statistically significant only for the 7 days study. Moreover, by comparing animals exposed for 7 days with the exposed for 20 weeks, it was ...

Comparação entre metodologias de controle de qualidade em mamografia digital

The best way to detect breast cancer is by screening mammography. The mammography equipments are dedicated and require a rigorous quality control in order to have a good quality image and to early detect this disease. The digital equipment is relatively new in the market and there isn’t a national rule for quality control for several types of digital detectors. This study has proposed to compare two different tests manuals for quality control provided by the manufacturers of digital mammography equipments, and also compare them to the “European guidelines for quality assurance in breast cancer screening and diagnosis “(2006). The studied equipments were: Senographe 2000D from General Electric (GE) and the Hologic Selenia Lorad. Both were digital mammography equipments, the GE unit presents an indirect digital system and the other presents a direct digital system. Physical parameters of the image have been studied, such as spatial resolution, contrast resolution, noise, signal-tonoise ratio, contrast-to-noise ratio and modulation transfer function. After that, a study of the importance of quality control and the requirement to implement a Quality Assurance Program has been done. One data collection was done to compare those manual, it was done by checking which tests are indicated and the minimum frequency which they should be conducted in accordance with each manufacturer. The tests were performed by different methodologies and the results were compared. The examined tests were: the breast entrance skin dose, mean glandular dose, contrast-to-noise ratio, signal-to-noise ratio, automatic exposure control and automatic control of density, modulation transfer function, equipment resolution, homogeneity and ghost