Deposição de calda de pulverização sobre plantas de salvínia em função de pontas de pulverização e arranjos populacionais entre plantas de Aguapé e Alface-D'Água

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o depósito de calda pulverizada por dois tipos de pontas de pulverização sobre plantas de Salvinia auriculata dispostas em diferentes arranjos populacionais com plantas de Eichhornia crassipes e Pistia stratiotes. Um experimento foi conduzido em condições de caixas-d'água em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema fatorial 2 x 8, sendo dois tipos de pontas de pulverização (ConeJet TXVK-8 e TeeJet DG 11002 VS) e oito proporções entre as plantas aquáticas, a saber: dominância total da área de cobertura da caixa-d'água pelas plantas de salvínia (100%); e as proporções entre plantas de salvínia e de aguapé ou alface-d'água a 75%:25%, 50%:50% e 25%:75%. Também foi utilizada uma densidade tripla, na qual as três espécies estiveram igualmente dispostas na proporção de 33%. Soluções dos corantes Amarelo Tartrasina FDC-5 a 3.500 ppm e Azul Brilhante FDC-1 a 1.000 ppm foram utilizadas como traçadores para as pontas TXVK-8 e DG 11002VS, respectivamente. A pulverização das soluções foi efetuada na mesma unidade experimental, com intervalo de 30 minutos entre si, com auxílio de um pulverizador costal pressurizado com CO2, calibrado de modo que proporcionasse volume de aplicação aproximado de 200 L ha-1. Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas entre os tipos de pontas de pulverização nas diferentes proporções estudadas, exceto para depósitos totais de calda de pulverização nas plantas na condição de dominância total da salvínia, uma vez que a ponta ConeJet TXVK-8 foi superior à TeeJet DG 11002 VS. Os valores dos depósitos diminuíram com o aumento da proporção de plantas de aguapé na associação e foram na condição em que 25% de plantas de salvínia estiveram associadas a 75% de plantas de aguapé. A presença da espécie alface-d'água não influenciou a deposição de gotas sobre as folhas de salvínia.

Effect of Spray Tips and Mix Deposition on Common Water Hyacinth Growing with Varied Population Arrangements of Salvinia and Water Lettuce

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise de desempenho de um fogão solar construído a partir de sucatas de antena de tv

Given the growing environmental crisis caused by degradation, mainly due to the use of polluting energy sources, increasing the growing use of renewable energies worldwide, with emphasis on solar energy, an abundant supply and available to everyone, which can be harnessed in several ways: electricity generation; dehydration of food; heating, disinfection and distillation and cooking. The latter has as its primary feature the viability of clean, renewable energy for society, combating ecological damage caused by large-scale use of firewood for cooking foods, use in tropical countries with high solar radiation, and has funding NGOs throughout the world with the goal of achieving low-income population. The proposed project consists of a solar cooker for concentration, working from the reflection of sunlight by a hub that they converge to a focal point at the bottom of the pot, getting lots of heat. The solar cooker under study consists of two elliptical reflecting parabolas made from the recycling of scrap TV antenna, having 0.29 m² of surface area for each antenna, which were covered by multiple mirrors of 2 mm thick and mounted on a metal structure, with correction for the mobility of the apparent movement of the sun. This structure was built with the recycling of scrap metal, possessing a relatively low cost compared with other solar cookers, around US$ 50.00. This cost becomes negligible, since that will involve a great benefit to not have fuel costs for each meal, unlike the use of gas or firewood for cooking food. The tests show that the cooker has reached the maximum temperature of 740 ° C, for boiling water in an average time of 28 minutes, cooking various types of foods such as potatoes, rice and pasta in an average time of 45 minutes and still going as a solar oven, making pizza baking and meat. These cooking times do not differ much from the cooking times on a gas stove, it becomes the solar cooker as a good consumer acceptance, and furthermore not to deliver the same gases that can poison the food as with the wood stove. Proves the viability of using the stove to cook or bake in two daily meals for a family, still presenting a position to improve his performance with the addition of new materials, equipment and techniques

Efeito de pontas de pulverização e de arranjos populacionais de plantas de Eichhornia crassipes e Salvinia auriculata na deposição de calda de pulverização sobre plantas de Pistia stratiotes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

On the release of metronidazole from natural rubber latex membranes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The Effects of a 785-nm AlGaInP Laser on the Regeneration of Rat Anterior Tibialis Muscle After Surgically-Induced Injury

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on muscle regeneration. For this purpose, the anterior tibialis muscle of 48 male Wistar rats received AlGaInP laser treatment (785 nm) after surgically-induced injury.Background Data: Few studies have been conducted on the effects of LLLT on muscle regeneration at different irradiation doses.Materials and Methods: The animals were randomized into four groups: uninjured rats (UN); uninjured and laser-irradiated rats (ULI); injured rats (IN); and injured and laser-irradiated rats (ILI). The direct contact laser treatment was started 24 h after surgery. An AlGaInP diode laser emitting 75 mW of continuous power at 785 nm was used for irradiation. The laser probe was placed at three treatment points to deliver 0.9 J per point, for a total dose of 2.7 J per treatment session. The animals were euthanized after treatment sessions 1, 2, and 4. Mounted sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and used for quantitative morphological analysis, in which the number of leukocytes and fibroblasts were counted over an area of 4480 mu m(2). The data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Bonferroni t-test.Results: Quantitative data showed that the number of both polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes in the inflammatory infiltrate at the injury site was smaller in the ILI(1), ILI(2), and ILI(4) subgroups compared with their respective control subgroups (IN(1), IN(2), and IN(4)) for sessions 1, 2, and 4, respectively (p < 0.05). on the other hand, the number of fibroblasts increased after the fourth treatment session (p < 0.05). With regard to the regeneration of muscle fibers following injury, only after the fourth treatment session was it possible to find muscle precursor cells such as myoblasts and some myotubes in the ILI(4) subgroup.Conclusion: During the acute inflammatory phase, the AlGaInP laser treatment was found to have anti-inflammatory effects, reducing the number of leukocytes at the injury site and accelerating the regeneration of connective tissue.

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel, Highly Crystalline Poly(vinyl alcohol) Microspheres for Chemoembolization Therapy

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Percepção do egresso de enfermagem sobre a contribuição do curso para o exercício do cuidado

O estudo avaliou a formação em enfermagem ancorada na problematização e na aprendizagem baseada em problemas a partir da percepção dos egressos. Trata-se de estudo transversal de natureza ex-post-facto. Os resultados foram analisados na triangulação das abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa e na perspectiva hermenêutica dialética. Na abordagem quantitativa 180 egressos responderam um questionário. Na qualitativa, 14 participaram das entrevistas, que buscaram sentidos relacionados ao cuidado ideal, para construção dos indicadores que revelassem a lógica da avaliação. Esses indicadores nortearam a escolha das questões para triangulação. Os resultados apontaram que 85,1% dos egressos estão inseridos no mercado de trabalho, 92,1% cursaram pós-graduação e 99,1% acreditam apresentar formação necessária ao cuidado ético, humanizado e fundamentado. A análise dos dados aponta para formação comprometida com a construção da autonomia e do conhecimento, bem como articulada aos princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde e do mundo do trabalho em enfermagem.

Polissacarídeos biodegradáveis úteis para a preparação de sistemas de liberação controlada de fármacos. Parte 1: Quitosana

Due to an increasing interest, a vast number of biodegradable polymers have been obtained recently. Polymers naturally produced, such as cellulose, starch, chitosan and alginate, represent biodegradable materials, with low toxicity and low cost. Among polysaccharides, chitosan has been of great interest of the industrial and academic research, due to its special qualities of biodegradability and biocompatibility and, on the other hand, to the versatility of its use in several physical forms and products. A significant growth in the development of new dosage forms capable to deliver the drug in a controlled and targeted way has been observed in these last years. Such pharmaceutical forms search, mainly, the reduction of the dose administered and of the administration frequency, the reduction of adverse side effects and, consequently, a better patient compliance. The present paper describes the use of chitosan in pharmaceutical products, especially in drug controlled delivery systems.

Teledermatologia - Passado, presente e futuro

Teledermatology is the area of Telemedicine that studies the application of telecommunication and information technology to dermatology practice without the presence of a specialist. It is a potential manner to deliver health planning, research, education, clinical meetings, second medical opinions and dermatological care to populations who cannot easily travel. The evolution, cost reduction and dissemination of telecommunication and information technology have enabled the implementation of low cost and comprehensive teledermatology systems to support clinical practice all over the world. © 2005 by Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia.

Developing new radiotherapy techniques using linac based gamma radiation sources

A major challenge in cancer radiotherapy is to deliver a lethal dose of radiation to the target volume while minimizing damage to the surrounding normal tissue. We have proposed a model on how treatment efficacy might be improved by interfering with biological responses to DNA damage using exogenous electric fields as a strategy to drastically reduce radiation doses in cancer therapy. This approach is demonstrated at this Laboratory through case studies with prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes (yeast) cells, in which cellkilling rates induced by both gamma radiation and exogenous electric fields were measured. It was found that when cells exposed to gamma radiation are immediately submitted to a weak electric field, cell death increases more than an order of magnitude compared to the effect of radiation alone. This finding suggests, although does not prove, that DNA damage sites are reached and recognized by means of long-range electric DNA-protein interaction, and that exogenous electric fields could destructively interfere with this process. As a consequence, DNA repair is avoided leading to massive cell death. Here we are proposing the use this new technique for the design and construction of novel radiotherapy facilities associated with linac generated gamma beams under controlled conditions of dose and beam intensity.

Ensaio randomizado, duplo-cego e controlado de anestesia tópica induzida por iontoforese de lidocaína

Introduction: Needle infi ltration of local anesthetic is a painful procedure, thus, a topical anesthetic is a comfortable alternative; however, it is diffi cult to deliver transcutaneous polar drugs. Iontophoresis is a noninvasive technique that uses electrical current for releasing electrically charged drugs through biological membranes. Objective: To evaluate the anesthesia induced by iontophoresis of lidocaine for a standardized painful stimulus. Material and methods: Randomized, controlled, double-blind study, involving 10 volunteers under the anesthetic effects of topical application of lidocaine gel 2% and noradrenaline 1:50,000, with or without iontophoresis of 1.85 milliamps for 13 minutes. Pain sensitivity was evaluated by the prick of a 21G needle in the arms posterior region, using a visual numerical scale. Results: Patients mean age was 50.8 ± 11.4 years. Nine of them were women. All had previously received infi ltrative anesthesia. Iontophoresis was well tolerated by volunteers. The median pain scores were 0 and 3 for the arm that received the iontophoresis and for the one that did not receive, respectively (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The anesthetic effect in the region subjected to iontophoresis suggests an effi cient and comfortable method for promoting local anesthesia in the surgical approach of pediatric, hyperalgic, or needlephobic patients.

Institutional requirements for market-led development in Latin America

Includes bibliography

What schools teach us about educating poor children in Chile?

Includes bibliography

Eletroestimulador funcional de oito canais com malha de realimentação utilizando Controlador Digital

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS