单核细胞、N K细胞和T 细胞在猪-猕猴延迟性异种移植排斥反应中的作用

　目的　观察单核细胞、NK细胞和T 细胞在猪2猕猴延迟性异种移植排斥反应(DXR) 中的作用。方法　建立湖北白猪2云南猕猴的腹腔异位心脏移植模型,实验分为2 组:对照组( n = 5) ,不使用中华眼睛蛇毒因( Y2CVF) ;实验组( n = 4) 应用Y2CVF 完全清除受者体内补体。2 组受 体猴均采用环孢素A(CsA) ,环磷酰胺(CTX) 和甲基强的松龙(MP) 三联免疫抑制治疗。免疫组织 化学方法检测移植心组织中细胞间黏附分子( ICAM)21 、肿瘤坏死因子( TNF)2α、单核细胞、NK 细 胞和T 细胞的表达。结果　对照组3 个移植心在15～60 min 内发生超急性排斥反应(HAR) ,另2 个分别存活22 h 及6 d ,移植心均未见明显的炎性细胞浸润及ICAM21 和TNF2α的表达。实验组 移植心存活时间分别为8 、10 、13 和13 d ,移植物浸润细胞中可见大量的单核细胞(50 %) ,少量的 NK细胞(8 %～10 %) ,CD4 + T 细胞(15 %) 和CD8 + T 细胞(25 %) 。移植物血管内皮细胞表面出现 ICAM21 的表达上调,移植物间质中出现TNF2α的表达增加。结论　单核细胞、NK细胞和T 细胞 介导的移植物损伤,在应用Y2CVF 处理的猪2猕猴DXR 发生中发挥重要作用　

The influence of Mozart's sonata K.448 on visual attention: An ERPs study

In the present study, the effects of Mozart's sonata K.448 on voluntary and involuntary attention were investigated by recording and analyzing behavioral and event-related potentials (ERPs) data in a three-stimulus visual oddball task. P3a (related to inv

Restricting exchangeable nonparametric distributions

Distributions over exchangeable matrices with infinitely many columns, such as the Indian buffet process, are useful in constructing nonparametric latent variable models. However, the distribution implied by such models over the number of features exhibited by each data point may be poorly- suited for many modeling tasks. In this paper, we propose a class of exchangeable nonparametric priors obtained by restricting the domain of existing models. Such models allow us to specify the distribution over the number of features per data point, and can achieve better performance on data sets where the number of features is not well-modeled by the original distribution.

Random function priors for exchangeable arrays with applications to graphs and relational data

A fundamental problem in the analysis of structured relational data like graphs, networks, databases, and matrices is to extract a summary of the common structure underlying relations between individual entities. Relational data are typically encoded in the form of arrays; invariance to the ordering of rows and columns corresponds to exchangeable arrays. Results in probability theory due to Aldous, Hoover and Kallenberg show that exchangeable arrays can be represented in terms of a random measurable function which constitutes the natural model parameter in a Bayesian model. We obtain a flexible yet simple Bayesian nonparametric model by placing a Gaussian process prior on the parameter function. Efficient inference utilises elliptical slice sampling combined with a random sparse approximation to the Gaussian process. We demonstrate applications of the model to network data and clarify its relation to models in the literature, several of which emerge as special cases.

Evaluation and modeling of lanthanum diffusion in TiN/La 2O 3/HfSiON/SiO 2/Si high-k stacks

In this study, TiN/La 2O 3/HfSiON/SiO 2/Si gate stacks with thick high-k (HK) and thick pedestal oxide were used. Samples were annealed at different temperatures and times in order to characterize in detail the interaction mechanisms between La and the gate stack layers. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) measurements performed on these samples show a time diffusion saturation of La in the high-k insulator, indicating an La front immobilization due to LaSiO formation at the high-k/interfacial layer. Based on the SIMS data, a technology computer aided design (TCAD) diffusion model including La time diffusion saturation effect was developed. © 2012 American Institute of Physics.

Three-dimensional distribution of Al in high-k metal gate: Impact on transistor voltage threshold

The three-dimensional spatial distribution of Al in the high-k metal gates of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistors is measured by atom probe tomography. Chemical distribution is correlated with the transistor voltage threshold (VTH) shift generated by the introduction of a metallic Al layer in the metal gate. After a 1050 °C annealing, it is shown that a 2-Å thick Al layer completely diffuses into oxide layers, while a positive VTH shift is measured. On the contrary, for thicker Al layers, Al precipitation in the metal gate stack is observed and the VTH shift becomes negative. © 2012 American Institute of Physics.

从链丝藻(Hormidium Ktzing)到克里藻(Klebsormidium Silva,Mattox et Blackwell)的名称改变

国家自然科学重大基金资助项目 3 98994 0 0 ; 中国科学院特别支持费stz97-1 -0 1

光照强度对于斜生栅藻Scenedsmus obliquus(Turp.)K tz.生长的影响

<正> 浮游藻类的生长发育,和其它绿色植物一样,与光有密切的关系,因为光直接影响到它的光合作用的进行。在适度的光强度下,光的强度和植物的生长率是成正比的。这方面曾有过不少的工作。但是,在各种光强度的条件下,浮游藻类的数量,细胞分裂率和生物量的关系,却知道得不多。因此,在我们进行大量繁殖浮游藻类的试验时,做了一些关于光强度对于浮游藻类生长影响的试验,同时对于它的数量,细胞分裂率和生物量的关系上,看到了一些事实,现将初步的结

Weighted least squares with expectation-maximization algorithm for burst detection in U.K. water distribution systems

Flow measurement data at the district meter area (DMA) level has the potential for burst detection in the water distribution systems. This work investigates using a polynomial function fitted to the historic flow measurements based on a weighted least-squares method for automatic burst detection in the U.K. water distribution networks. This approach, when used in conjunction with an expectationmaximization (EM) algorithm, can automatically select useful data from the historic flow measurements, which may contain normal and abnormal operating conditions in the distribution network, e.g., water burst. Thus, the model can estimate the normal water flow (nonburst condition), and hence the burst size on the water distribution system can be calculated from the difference between the measured flow and the estimated flow. The distinguishing feature of this method is that the burst detection is fully unsupervised, and the burst events that have occurred in the historic data do not affect the procedure and bias the burst detection algorithm. Experimental validation of the method has been carried out using a series of flushing events that simulate burst conditions to confirm that the simulated burst sizes are capable of being estimated correctly. This method was also applied to eight DMAs with known real burst events, and the results of burst detections are shown to relate to the water company's records of pipeline reparation work. © 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.