934 resultados para complementary-metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor


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An investigation was made into the non-Ohmic and dielectric properties of a Ca2Cu2Ti4O12 perovskite-type system. Compared to the traditional CaCu3Ti4O12-based composition, the imbalance between the Ca and Cu atoms caused the formation of a polycrystalline system presenting similar to 33.3 mol % of CaCu3Ti4O12 (traditional composition) and similar to 66.7 mol % of CaTiO3. As for non-Ohmic properties, the effect of this Ca and Cu atom imbalance was that a nonlinear electric behavior of similar to 1500 was obtained. This high nonlinear electrical behavior emerged in detriment to the ultrahigh dielectric property frequently reported. The high non-Ohmic property was explained by the existence of Schottky-type barriers, whose formation mechanism may be similar to that proposed for traditional metal oxide non-Ohmic devices, according to similarities discussed herein. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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In the present work it was studied the main aspect that influences on degradation and physical-chemical properties at grain-boundary region of metal oxide varistors and its consequences on microstructure and nonohmic electric properties. Based on the comprehension of the degradation aspects it was proposed some methodologies to recover the varistors nonohmic properties after being failed with long (2000 μs) and short current pulses (8/20 μs). Our analysis shown that one of the cause of degradation process is related to the lowering of oxygen species amount at grain-boundary region. Therefore, it is possible to re-promote oxygen enrichment of such regions by specific thermal treatments in rich oxygen atmospheres (the best condition found in the present work was temperatures around 900°C for 2 h at an oxygen flux of 15 1/h). The proposed nonohmic properties recovering procedure appear to be valid for all kind metal oxide varistors studied and is very important from technological point of view.

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Copper, zinc and nickel oxides present different properties in nanostructured form. These nanomaterials present very interesting morphologies such as urchin and flowers. This differents arquitechures can be employed in near future in several areas of applications as: nanocatalysis, nanooptoeletronic and nanomedicine.

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Back pain, whether they have a primary or secondary origin, is a important cause to the drop of the equine performance, but the size and the complex biomechanics make it difficult to diagnosis and treat the injury. As it is, the knowledge of this anatomic site is of great importance to the thoracolumbar examination. The diagnosis of back pain is done through physical examination and complementary exams, represented by the image methods of diagnosis, such as radiography, ultrasonography and thermography. The most important lesions that cause the back pain in an equine are impingement of the dorsal spinous processes, desmopathy of the supraespinous ligament, osteoarthritis of the articular processes and lesions of the vertebral discs and body. The most common treatments to back pain are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, local injections, acupuncture, physiotherapy, training management and surgery.

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We have prepared heavy metal oxide glasses containing metallic copper nanoparticles with promising nonlinear optical properties which were determined by Z-scan and pump-probe measurements using femtosecond laser pulses. For the wavelengths within the plasmon band, we have observed saturable absorption and response times of 2.3 ps. For the other regions of the spectrum, reverse saturable absorption and lifetimes shorter than 200 fs were verified. The nonlinear refractive index is about 2.0 × 10-19 m2/W from visible to telecom region, thus presenting an enhancement effect at wavelengths near the plasmon and Cu+2 d-d band. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.

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Mo-doped TiO2 powders were prepared using a dry mixture of TiO2 and MoO3 oxides with several compositions, followed by a calcination step at several temperatures. The resulting oxide system develops yellow and green tones. The XRD patterns showed only traces of MoO 3; however, EDS results, combined with TG/DTA data, confirmed the presence of molybdenum ions, suggesting that the changes in optical properties of the oxide system is due to the incorporation of Mo ions into the TiO 2 matrix, substituting Ti+4 with Mo+6 ions. The band gap decreased with increasing of MoO3 content; on the other hand, the band gap reached a maximum value at about 850°C to 910°C when plotted as a function of the calcination temperature. The glazes produced showed that the oxide system under study is a potential material for use as abinary ceramic pigment. Copyright © 2013 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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O uso de novas técnicas para estudar a evolução e preenchimento de vales incisos tem fornecido, ao longo dos anos, importantes resultados para entendermos como foi a evolução costeira brasileira. Neste contexto, esta tese teve como objetivo estudar a evolução do estuário do rio Coreaú, localizado no estado do Ceará, em diferentes escalas temporais, seja “Eventual” (meses, anos), “Engenharia” anos, decádas) e Geológica” (centenas, séculos, milênios), proposta por Cowell et al. (2003), com intuíto de avaliar se as transformações/alterações ao longo dos anos foram significativas ou não. Como resultados, obteve-se no primeiro objetivo, utilizando técnicas de sensoriamento remoto, a partir de imagens dos sensores TM, ETM+ e OLI do satélite Landsat 5,7 e 8 e LISS-3 do satélite ResourceSat-1 de 1985 a 2013, uma alteração mínima em relação a transformações morfológicas ao longo do estuário nos últimos 28 anos (entre as escalas Eventual e de Engenharia), houve neste período um acréscimo de 0,236 km2 (3%) de área, não trazendo sigificativas mudanças para o estuário. Em relação a taxa de sedimentação, correspondente ao segundo bjetivo, a partir da coleta de 9 testemunhos, de até 1 m de profundidade e utilizando o radionuclídeo 210Pb, ao longo do estuário, obteve-se uma taxa que variou de 0,33 cm/ano a 1 cm/ano (escalas entre Engenharia e Geológica) próximo a foz do estuário, e com uma rápida sedimentação percebida na margem leste do rio, onde encontram-se sedimentos mais recentes em relação a margem oeste. Em relação ao preenchimento, terceiro e último objetivo, a partir da amostragem de testemunhos de até 18 m de profundidade, utilzando o amostrador Rammkernsonden (RKS), foram gerados perfis e seções estratigráficas que ajudaram a entender o preenchimento do vale inciso do estuário do rio Coreaú e entender que trata-se de um estuário fluvio-marinho, preenchendo os vales formados no Grupo Barreiras nos últimos 10.000 anos antes do presente. Estas análises e resultados servirão como base para comparação com outros estuários, sejam fluviais, fluvio-marinhos ou marinhos, para entendermos melhor quais os possíveis eventos que dominaram a sedimentação ao longo da costa brasileira em diferentes escalas.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)