Cervical Lactobacillus and leukocyte infiltration in preterm premature rupture of membranes

Objectives: To evaluate the possible association between microorganisms present in the cervical secretions and amniotic fluid of pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), and histologic chorioamnionitis. Methods: Thirty-seven pregnant women with PPROM and 21 healthy pregnant women were studied. Secretions from the cervical canal and amniotic fluid were collected to isolate microorganisms present in the genital tract. Cervical smears were Gram stained and evaluated microscopically. At delivery, chorioamniotic membranes were collected for histopathologic analysis. Results: Microscopic examination of the cervical secretion smears obtained from the PPROM group showed a low rate of Lactobacillus species, large numbers of leukocytes, and a wide diversity of microorganisms compared with the control group. The PPROM group presented an 80% rate of chorioamnionitis. Staphylococcus aureus isolation in cervical secretion was associated with intense inflammatory infiltrate in the membranes and might play a role in the pathogenesis of PPROM. Conclusions: the low colonization of cervical flora by Lactobacillus species associated with an intense leukocyte infiltrate detected in Gram-stained cervical smears can be considered a rapid method of detecting chorioamnionitis in pregnant women with PPROM. (C) 2003 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier B.V. Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Histopathological and immunohistochemical (cytokeratins AE1/AE3) study of the parametrium of patients with early stage cervical cancer

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Analysis of systemic inflammatory response in the carcinogenic process of uterine cervical neoplasia

The inflammatory response is an active process in cervical cancer and may act in the progression and/or regression of the lesion. At the site of inflammation, macrophages and neutrophils are present as well as cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma. This study aims to evaluate the inflammatory response levels in women with cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN) and with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix. Serum samples obtained from women without evidence of disease (n = 30), with CIN (n = 30) and with SCC of the cervix (n = 30) were analyzed for the activities of N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) by enzymatic assay and the serum levels of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma by ELISA assay. The activities of NAG and MPO and the level of TNF-alpha were higher in women with CIN compared to the women with SCC. The levels of IFN-gamma were lower in the group of women with CIN compared to the group with SCC. There was not a significant association between the degree of the CIN and the staging of the SCC of the cervix and the degree of inflammation as assessed by the levels of inflammatory markers. The inflammatory response was inversely correlated with the progression of the carcinogenic process. In the three groups, the control group, women with CIN and women with invasive SCC, there was no association between the degree of preinvasive lesions and staging of the SCC of the cervix. (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Effects of cervical sympathectomy on vasospasm induced by meningeal haemorrhage in rabbits

This study investigates the role of cervical sympathectomy in the prevention of acute vasospasm induced by meningeal haemorrhage in rabbits. Sixteen adult English Norfolk rabbits were divided into 2 experimental groups: bilateral cervical sympathectomy of the superior sympathetic ganglion (SSSG, n=8), and bilateral SSSG and sympathectomy of the inferior sympathetic ganglion (SISG, n=8). Other 24 animals were used as controls. Basilar artery diameter was evaluated by angiography. SSSG protected the animals against developing cerebral vasospasm; SSSG associated with SISG did not increase this effect.

Lack of Epstein-Barr virus infection in cervical carcinomas

Context.-The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous microorganism strongly associated with lymphoproliferative disorders and a large number of human neoplasms, mainly undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt lymphoma. The viral DNA has been detected in other tumors, such as carcinomas from tonsil, salivary glands, and thymus, and malignancies of the female genital tract. Some authors have proposed that EBV could play a role in the carcinogenesis of cervical tumors; however, other studies do not support this hypothesis.Objective.-To assess whether EBV is associated with female genital tract neoplasms.Design.-Sixty-five biopsy specimens (5 in situ carcinomas, 24 invasive squamous cell carcinomas, 6 lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas, and 30 endocervical adenocarcinomas) were used to perform EBV detection through RNA in situ hybridization.Results.-None of the cervical carcinoma cases studied was positive for EBV infection.Conclusions.-The results suggest that it is still premature to incriminate EBV in the carcinogenesis of cervical carcinoma.

Aspectos tomográficos da coluna cervical de equinos

Descreveu-se a anatomia da região cervical de equinos adultos, com base em imagens obtidas no exame de tomografia computadorizada helicoidal realizado em peças anatômicas de equinos adultos. A tomografia computadorizada foi o método de imagem diagnóstica de escolha e possibilita as reconstruções de imagens tridimensionais e em outros planos anatômicos, como sagital e coronal. Todas as imagens foram adquiridas e avaliadas em filtro e janela para tecido ósseo. Observaram-se diferenças anatômicas e as particularidades normais das vértebras, principalmente da região occipitoatlantoaxial, a qual apresenta maior incidência de alterações.

Noncarious Cervical Lesions and Their Association With Toothbrushing Practices: In Vivo Evaluation

Objectives: This pilot study aims to investigate the prevalence of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) in a student population at the Faculty of Dentistry of Aracatuba-UNESP and to assess the potential relation between buccal hygiene habits and the presence and number of NCCLs.Methods: This study was conducted with a sample of 58 young volunteers (15 men and 43 women; mean age, 23.6 +/- 1.8 years and 22.3 +/- 2.4 years, respectively). The research was divided into three steps: 1) clinical assessment; 2) oral-hygiene practices self-report questionnaire; and 3) analysis of toothbrush filament deformations. After the clinical exam the participants were divided into two groups, a control group (without NCCLs) and a test group (NCCLs), according to NCCL presence. The data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 16.0 software, using t-test, chi(2), Fisher exact test, and Spearman correlation.Results: NCCLs were present in 53% of the subjects. The presence of NCCLs was marginally statistically associated with age (p=0.15) and proportionally more prevalent in male (80%) subjects (p=0.01). NCCLs were more concentrated in the posterior-superior quadrant (93%) in both the right (90%) and left (55%) sides of the mouth. The direct rank correlation was presented between presence of NCCLs and toothbrush firmness; and between number of NCCLs and age and force applied during toothbrushing.Conclusion: Within the limitations of this pilot study, the use of medium and hard toothbrushes and greater force applied during toothbrushing might contribute to the development and/or aggravation of NCCLs.

CLINICAL EVALUATION of THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NONCARIOUS CERVICAL LESIONS and OCCLUSAL FORCES

Statement of problem. Noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are a frequent challenge in clinical dental practice, given the variety of opinions regarding their etiology, diagnosis, and treatment.Purpose. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential relationship between occlusal forces and the occurrence of NCCLs.Material and methods. The participant population consisted of 111 volunteers (30 male and 81 female, mean age 23.6 years). General personal information was recorded, after which participants were examined for the presence and location of NCCLs, gingival recession, fracture lines, dental and restoration fractures, presence and location of tooth wear, type of occlusal guidance scheme for lateral mandibular movements, and existence of occlusal interference or premature contacts. The participants were divided according to the presence or absence of NCCLs, and data were statistically analyzed with the Independent t test, the Chi-square test, and the Fisher exact test (alpha=.05).Results. A significant association was found between the presence of NCCLs and age (P=.008), gingival recession (P<.001), occlusal trauma (P<.001), presence (P<.001) and location of tooth wear, and group function as occlusal guidance scheme in lateral excursive movements (P<.001).Conclusions. A strong relationship between the presence of NCCLs and occlusal overload was found. (J Prosthet Dent 2012;108:298-303)

Microleakage of adhesively bonded cervical amalgam restorations

Purpose: To evaluate dye penetration in adhesively bonded cervical amalgam restorations. Materials and Methods: the specimens were randomly divided into four groups and the adhesives Prime & Bond 2. 1, Prime & Bond 2.1 Dual Cure, Scotchbond Multi Purpose Plus and Amalgambond Plus were tested. After being restored and polished, the teeth were thermocycled 1,000 times at temperatures varying between 5degreesC +/- 2degreesC and 55degreesC +/- 2degreesC. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Kruskal-Wallis test and multiple comparisons. Results: Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus demonstrated lower levels of microleakage in enamel and dentin. The dual adhesives were more effective than the one bottle adhesive.

Clinical evaluation of low-level laser therapy and fluoride varnish for treating cervical dentinal hypersensitivity

The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the use of low-level galium-aluminium-arsenide (GaAlAs) (BDP 600) laser and sodium fluoride varnish (Duraphat((R))) in the treatment of cervical dentine hypersensitivity. Twelve patients, with at least two sensitive teeth were selected. A total of 60 teeth were included in the trial. Prior to desensitizing treatment, dentine hypersensitivity was assessed by a thermal stimulus and patients' response to the examination was considered to be a control. The GaAlAs laser (15 mW, 4 J/cm(2)) was irradiated on contact mode and fluoride varnish was applied at cervical region. The efficiency of the treatments was assessed at three examination periods: immediately after first application, 15 and 30 days after the first application. The degree of sensitivity was determined following predefined criteria. Data were submitted to analysis and no statistically significant difference was observed between fluoride varnish and laser. Considering the treatments separately, there was no significant difference for the fluoride varnish at the three examination periods, and for laser therapy, significant difference (P < 0.05) was found solely between the values obtained before the treatment and 30 days after the first application. It may be concluded that both treatments may be effective in decreasing cervical dentinal hypersensitivity. Moreover, the low-level GaAlAs laser showed improved results for treating teeth with higher degree of sensitivity.

Cytogenetic characterization of a supernumerary chromosome segment and of B-chromosomes in Astyanax scabripinnis (Teleostei, Characidae)

The chromosome complement of a local population of Astyanax scabripinnis in Brazil was investigated with emphasis on the study of the heterochromatin attached to the A-chromosomes and present in the macro B-chromosome. Analysis after C-banding, silver and CMA(3) staining, incorporation of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine and chromosome digestion with nine restriction endonucleases revealed that the heterochromatin in the B-chromosomes was different from that found in the A-chromosomes. A polymorphism due to the presence of a supernumerary heterochromatic chromosome segment was observed in the population investigated. Some aspects related to the origin of the heterochromatin polymorphism in Astyanax scabripinnis are discussed.

Apoptosis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma and its correlation with clinically occult cervical metastasis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Síndrome do desfiladeiro torácico - ressecção de costela cervical por videotoracoscopia

A base do tratamento cirúrgico da Síndrome do Desfiladeiro Torácico (SDT) é a ressecção da primeira costela, podendo associar-se à escalenectomia ou ainda à ressecção de costela cervical. Esta última é feita tradicionalmente por meio de um acesso supraclavicular ou mesmo axilar, o qual é tecnicamente mais trabalhoso. Pode ser realizada também por meio de acesso paraescapular. Embora tecnicamente atrativa e associada à menor invasividade e maior segurança, com ótimo resultado estético, a ressecção da primeira costela torácica, por intermédio de cirurgia videoassistida transaxilar ou pela técnica videotoracoscópica, é pouco relatada na literatura, e nenhuma referência foi encontrada sobre ressecção de costela cervical mediante essa técnica. Neste artigo, apresentamos essa inovação cirúrgica realizada com sucesso para ressecção de costela cervical em duas pacientes.

O movimento ortodôntico não induz reabsorção cervical externa ou O movimento ortodôntico não altera cor, volume e nem induz inflamação gengival

Nesse trabalho, procurou-se explicar - anatômica e funcionalmente - como se estrutura e se organiza a região cervical dos dentes, para fundamentar os seguintes questionamentos: 1) Por que ocorre Reabsorção Cervical Externa na dentição humana?; 2) Por que na gengivite e na periodontite não se tem Reabsorção Cervical Externa?; 3) Por que depois do traumatismo dentário e da clareação interna pode ocorrer a Reabsorção Cervical Externa?; 4) Por que o movimento ortodôntico não altera a cor e o volume gengival durante o tratamento?; 5) Por que o movimento ortodôntico não induz Reabsorção Cervical Externa, mesmo sabendo-se que a região cervical pode ser muito exigida? A existência de antígenos sequestrados na dentina, a presença de janelas de dentina na região cervical de todos os dentes, a reação do epitélio juncional e a distribuição dos vasos sanguíneos gengivais podem justificar por que a Reabsorção Cervical Externa não ocorre e nem a cor e o volume gengival são alterados no movimento ortodôntico.