Development of a rehabilitation system for the red mud waste generated at the Aughinish Alumina Bayer Plant

Aughinish Alumina Limited (AAL) have an obligation by terms of their Integrated Pollution Control Licence (IPCL) and Planning Permission to establish vegetation on the red mud stack at their plant at Aughinish, Co. Limerick. High pH and high exchangeable sodium percentage are the main known factors limiting the establishment of vegetation on red mud. Gypsum addition has been known to assist in alleviating these problems in other countries. However, there is no experience or published information on red mud rehabilitation under Irish conditions. Red mud with organic and inorganic waste-derived ameliorants as well as selected grassland species were examined under laboratory controlled environment conditions as well as in field plot trials. Also, in order that it would be economically achievable, the research utilised locally available waste products as the organic amendments. Screening trials found that physical constraints severely limit plant germination and growth in red mud. Gypsum addition effectively lowers pH, exchangeable sodium percentage and the availability of A1 and Fe in the mud. A strong relationship between pH, ESP and A1 levels was also found. Gypsum addition increased germination percentages and plant growth for all species investigated. Greenhouse trials demonstrated that organic wastes alone did not greatly improve conditions for plant growth but when used in conjunction with gypsum plant performances for all species investigated was significantly increased. There was a high mortality rate for grasses in non-gypsum treatments. An emerging trend of preferential iron uptake and calcium deficiency in non-gypsum treatments was found at pot screening stage. Species also displayed manganese and magnesium deficiencies.

Teaching Basic Life Support to Students of Public and Private High Schools

Background:Despite being recommended as a compulsory part of the school curriculum, the teaching of basic life support (BLS) has yet to be implemented in high schools in most countries.Objectives:To compare prior knowledge and degree of immediate and delayed learning between students of one public and one private high school after these students received BLS training.Methods:Thirty students from each school initially answered a questionnaire on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and use of the automated external defibrillator (AED). They then received theoretical-practical BLS training, after which they were given two theory assessments: one immediately after the course and the other six months later.Results:The overall success rates in the prior, immediate, and delayed assessments were significantly different between groups, with better performance shown overall by private school students than by public school students: 42% ± 14% vs. 30.2% ± 12.2%, p = 0.001; 86% ± 7.8% vs. 62.4% ± 19.6%, p < 0.001; and 65% ± 12.4% vs. 45.6% ± 16%, p < 0.001, respectively. The total odds ratio of the questions showed that the private school students performed the best on all three assessments, respectively: 1.66 (CI95% 1.26-2.18), p < 0.001; 3.56 (CI95% 2.57-4.93), p < 0.001; and 2.21 (CI95% 1.69-2.89), p < 0.001.Conclusions:Before training, most students had insufficient knowledge about CPR and AED; after BLS training a significant immediate and delayed improvement in learning was observed in students, especially in private school students.

Basic components of cortical processing are shared in visual and auditory modality

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Naturwiss., Diss., 2009

Determinação do sexo em pintos da raça Rhode Island Red

Examinando 201 pintos de um dia da raça Rhode Island Red, de rebanho selecionado pela postura e considerando diversos caracteres, principalmente os relacionados com a côr da penugem, conseguimos acertar em 197, numa proporção de 98,01%, não relatada da bibliografia que conhecemos. Julgamos como mais importantes, os seguintes caracteres : mancha clara na asa notada em 100% dos machos e 6,30% das fêmeas; o anel claro na perna ocorreu em 91,80% dos machos e 3,70% das fêmeas. Estas duas particularidades, sòmente, permitem separação de sexo superior a 96%. O sinal junto ao ângulo posterior do olho foi observado em 95,10% das fêmeas e 36,70% dos machos; ponta da asa escura não ocorreu em um macho sequer, mas em 53.20% das fêmeas; ponta da asa clara foi notada em todos os machos e em 46,80% das fêmeas. Os demais caracteres mencionados no quadro, constituem elementos auxiliares de menor valor mas devem ser examinados para se esclarecerem dúvidas. Os erros decorreram de se dar mais importância à pinta escura na cabeça que ao anel claro na perna e à mancha no bordo da asa. O presente trabalho contribui para o esclarecimento do assunto principalmente por considerar o anel claro da perna e o sinal escuro próximo ao ângulo posterior do olho, caracteres valiosos e ainda não apontados anteriormente. Ainda mais, a observação metódica e conjunta de um grande número de atributos relacionados com o dimorfismo sexual constitui um subsídio ao esclarecimento de tão interessante questão.

Análise do tamanho e da forma do ôvo em galinhas das raças Rhode Island Red e Light Sussex e do híbrido entre essas duas raças

Size and shape in eggs of Rhode Island Red and Light Sussex breeds and in the hibrid Rhode x Sussex were studied. These characters are influenced by quantitative genes. Major and minor diameter were used for estimating size of the eggs and the ratio minor/major diameter for shape indice. It was found, in the material analyzed, that: a) the eggs laid by the sa- me chick are pratically uniform; b) the correlation coeficient between major and minor diameter is weak; c) Rhode Island Red has short eggs than Light Sussex; d) short eggs is dominant on long eggs; e) egg shape is the same in Rhode Island Red and Light Sussex breeds and different in the hibrid, which has rounder eggs than the breeds.

Comparação das raças Rhode Island Red, Light Sussex e seu mestiço: ovos, pintos e frangos

The breeds Light Sussex, Rhode Island Red and the hibrid Light Sussex x Rhode Island Red, from the Poultry Department of "Luiz de Queiroz" School of Agriculture, at Piracicaba, S. Paulo, were studied in this paper, Tre authors, analysing eggs, pullets and chick growing arrived to the following conclusion: a) eggs of the Light Sussex breed were haevier; b) the Light Sussex breed was early maturing; c) the cross studied did not show hibrid vigor.

Estudo de correlação entre a postura e dimensões da bacia em Rhode Island Red

The AA. have studied, in this paper, the correlation of egg production in yearling R. I. R. pullets and the difference between the pelvic bones, an between the pelvic bones and keel. The distances between those bones were measured by the fingers. It was suggested an index = spread of pelvic x spread of keel bone. These three data were compared with the last 30 days production and with the production to date - six months. Comparisons have been made with 285 pullets. The AA. have concluded: (a) there is a positive correlation between the spread of the pelvic bones and the last 30 days (r = + 0,23 and pr = + 0,16); (b) there is not correlation of the distance between the pelvic bories to the keel and the last 30 days (r = + 0,11 and pr = - 0,01; (c) there is positive correlation of the distance between the pelvic bones to the keel and last six months production (r = + 0,27 and pr = + 0,19); (d) the correlation of the index sugested pratically equals correlation between pelvic bones (r = + 0,27 and pr = + 0,19); (e) correlation between last 30 days production and the total egg production is high (r = + 0,55 and pr = 0,53). Is is stated that spread of the pelvic bones is a low index of actual production and the distance of the keel a low index of total egg production in R. I. R. pullets. The last month real production is a better index of the total egg production.

Doses and methods of distribution of potassium chloride on soybean crop (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) in a red latosol, affecting soil salinity, grain production and chemical composition of leaves

The present work deal t wi th an experiment under field conditions and a laboratory test of soil incubation the objectives were as follows: a. to study effects on soybean grain product ion and leaf composition of increasing doses of potassium chloride applied into the soil through two methods of distribution; b. to observe chemical modifications in the soils incubated with increasing doses of potassium chloride; and, c. to correlate field effects with chemical alterations observed in the incubation test, The field experiment was carried out in a Red Latosol (Haplustox) with soybean cultivar UFV - 1. Potassium chloride was distributed through two methods: banded (5 cm below and 5 cm aside of the seed line) and broadcasted and plowed-down. Doses used were: 0; 50; 100 and 200 kg/ha of K2O. Foliar samples were taken at flowering stage. Incubation test were made in plastic bags with 2 kg of air dried fine soil, taken from the arable layer of the field experiment, with the following doses of KC1 p,a. : 0; 50; 100; 200; 400; 800; 1,600; 3.200; 6,400 and 12,800 kg/ha of K(2)0. In the conditions observed during the present work, results allowed the following conclusions: A response by soybean grain production for doses of potassium chloride, applied in both ways, banded or broadcasted, was not observed. Leaf analysis did not show treatment influence over the leaf contents for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and CI, Potassium chloride salinity effects in both methods of distribution for all the tested closes were not observed.

A new species of Vinciguerria (Salmoniformes, Photichthyidae) from the Red Sea and Gulf of Aqaba, with comments on the depauperacy of the Red Sea mesopelagic fish fauna / Robert Karl Johnson, Ross M. Feltes.

n.s. no.22(1984)

A study of the tooth-billed red tanager Piranga flava, by John T. Zimmer ...

v.17:no.5(1929)

The red ocher culture of the upper Great Lakes and adjacent areas / Robert E. Ritzenthaler, Curator of Anthropology, Milwaukee Public Museum, and George I. Quimby, Curator of North American Archaeology and Ethnology, Chicago Natural History Museum.

v.36:no.11(1962)

Diversidad de ácaros (Acari: Prostigmata, Mesotigmata, Astigmata) asociados a la hojarasca de formaciones vegetales del Parque Universitario de la UCLA, Venezuela

Se estudió la diversidad de los ácaros (Prostigmata, Mesostigmata y Astigmata) habitantes del estrato suelo-hojarasca de un Matorral y un Bosque Deciduo del Parque Universitario de la UCLA (Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado), Estado Lara, Venezuela, desde diciembre 2000 a noviembre 2001. El muestreo se realizó usando trampas de caída colocadas a lo largo de una transecta de 1.800 m en ambas localidades. Todos los morfotipos fueron montados en láminas microscópicas usando líquido de Hoyer. Se registró un total de 51 morfotipos de ácaros con predominancia del número de individuos pertenecientes a Prostigmata (2528) respecto a Mesostigmata (926) y Astigmata (12). En ambas localidades, Eupodidae (Prostigmata) y Macrochelidae (Mesotigmata) fueron las familias más abundantes. Se determinó mayor riqueza (S= 43), diversidad (H'= 2,67) y uniformidad (E= 0,69) de morfotipos en el Bosque Deciduo al ser comparado con los valores obtenidos en el Matorral (S= 36, H'= 2,12 y E= 0,52). Ambas zonas mostraron un índice de similitud (J') de 0,59. La pendiente de la curva de diversidad-dominancia permitió inferir que el Matorral constituye un hábitat más disturbado que el Bosque Deciduo a pesar de albergar mayor número de individuos. Se requiere realizar estudios más detallados que sirvan de base para determinar el rol de la acarofauna en el equilibrio de la red trófica de suelo de las regiones tropicales.