Desenvolvimento do cultivo 3D a partir de células primarias de neoplasias mamárias caninas: estudo da apoptose sobre efeito ou não da carboplatina

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Usefulness of vaginal cytology tests in women with previous hysterectomy for benign diseases: assessment of 53,891 tests

Objective. To assess the value of vaginal screening cytology after hysterectomy for benign disease.Methods. This cross-sectional study used cytology audit data from 2,512,039 screening tests in the metropolitan region of Campinas from 2000 to 2012; the object was to compare the prevalence of abnormal tests in women who had undergone a hysterectomy for benign diseases (n = 53,891) to that of women who had had no hysterectomy. Prevalence ratios (95% confidence intervals, 95% Cl) were determined, and chi-square analysis, modified by the Cochrane-Armitage test for trend, was used to investigate the effects of age.Results. The prevalence of atypical squamous cells (ASC), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or squamous-cell carcinoma (HSIL/SCC) was 0.13%, 0.04% and 0.03%, respectively, in women who had undergone hysterectomy, and 0.93%, 0.51% and 0.26% in women who had not undergone hysterectomy. The prevalence ratios for ASC, LSIL and HSIL/SCC were 0.14(0.11-0.17), 0.08 (0.06-0.13) and 0.13 (0.08-020), respectively, in women with a hysterectomy versus those without. For HSIL/SCC, the prevalence ratios were 0.09 and 029, respectively, for women <50 or >= 50 years. The prevalence rates in women with a previous hysterectomy showed no significant variation with age.Conclusion. The prevalence rates of ASC, LSIL and HSIL/SCC were significantly lower in women with a previous hysterectomy for benign disease compared with those observed in women with an intact uterine cervix. This study reinforces the view that there is no evidence that cytological screening is beneficial for women who have had a hysterectomy for benign disease. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Highlights in peptide nanoparticle carriers intended to oral diseases

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Matrix metalloproteinase gene polymorphisms and oral cancer

Since oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignant cancer in the oral cavity, several researches have been performed to study the role of important enzymes in this disease. Among them, the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are highlighted, due to the fact that they are proteinases responsible to degrade many extra-cellular matrix components, making possible the invasion of neoplasic cells. Important tools in cancer prognosis have been utilized aiming to correlate high levels of MMPs and OSCC, such as immunohistochemical, zymographic and mRNA detection methods. However, these techniques are usually applied after cancer detection, characterizing a curative but not a preventive medicine. Trying to make interventions before the development of the disease and making possible the identification of people at high risk and, analysis of modifications in MMP genes has been a chance for modern medicine. Recently, polymorphisms in MMP genes have been related to different neoplasias, including OSCC. Despite investigation is beginning, MMP gene polymorphisms seems to have a promising future in oral cancer research and some of the present results have shown that there are MMP polymorphisms related to an increased risk for developing oral cancer. Key words:Oral cancer, polymorphism, matrix metalloproteinase.

Relationship between head and neck cancer therapy and some genetic endpoints

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common human malignancy worldwide. The main forms of treatment for HNC are surgery, radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT). However, the choice of therapy depends on the tumor staging and approaches, which are aimed at organ preservation. Because of systemic RT and CT genotoxicity, one of the important side effects is a secondary cancer that can result from the activity of radiation and antineoplastic drugs on healthy cells. Ionizing radiation can affect the DNA, causing single and double-strand breaks, DNA-protein crosslinks and oxidative damage. The severity of radiotoxicity can be directly associated with the radiation dosimetry and the dose-volume differences. Regarding CT, cisplatin is still the standard protocol for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma, the most common cancer located in the oral cavity. However, simultaneous treatment with cisplatin, bleomycin and 5-fluorouracil or treatment with paclitaxel and cisplatin are also used. These drugs can interact with the DNA, causing DNA crosslinks, double and single-strand breaks and changes in gene expression. Currently, the late effects of therapy have become a recurring problem, mainly due to the increased survival of HNC patients. Herein, we present an update of the systemic activity of RT and CT for HNC, with a focus on their toxicogenetic and toxicogenomic effects.

Association between concurrent genital bleeding and cervical cancer: a cross-sectional study

Genital bleeding may be a common symptom among women with cervical cancer. Cross-sectional study evaluating whether the prevalence of cervical smear results is different in women with and without clinical information about concurrent genital bleeding. The sample consisted of 2 324 836 smears; of these, 0.4% had clinical information on genital bleeding. When stratified by age group, women with genital bleeding had a higher chance of a cytological result of a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion [30-49 years odds ratio (OR) 2.38; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.60-3.53 and ≥50 years OR 6.30; 95%CI 3.72-10.67), of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (30-49 years OR 24.70; 95%CI 11.96-51.03 and ≥50 years OR 48.91; 95%CI 31.28-76.47) and of atypical glandular cells (30-49 years OR 5.72; 95%CI 3.30-9.93 and ≥50 years OR 11.56; 95%CI 5.96-22.45); there was also a higher chance of adenocarcinoma for women ≥50 years (OR 53.13; 95%CI 28.08-100.51). The sensitivity of genital bleeding for women aged 18-29 years was 0.4% for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL); for women 30-49 years old the rate was 0.9% for HSIL, 8.6% for SCC and 2.1% for atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS), while for women aged from 50 years or more the rates were 2.0% for HSIL, 13.7% for SCC, 3.6% for AGUS and 14.7% for adenocarcinoma. Women ≥30 years old with genital bleeding should be referred for colposcopy to rule out the possibility of cervical cancer.

Análise da proteína EGFR em carcinoma espinocelular de lábio

Pós-graduação em Biopatologia Bucal - ICT

Investigação da amplificação do EGFR em carcinoma de células escamosas de boca em pacientes jovens

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Carcinoma de células escamosas de grandes proporções

The oral and oropharyngeal cancer is aggressive and, in Brazil, the incidence is considered one of the world’s tallest, the most common of head and neck. It affects males more intensively and 70% of cases are in adults over 50 years of age. It is located usually on the floor of the mouth and tongue. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to report a case of male patient, 78 years of age, leukoderma who sought hospital care. Reported frequent smoking and alcoholism. On physical examination headgear, there was the presence of lymph node fixed, painless 1.5 to 2 cm in diameter in the submandibular region. Physical examination intraoral ulcer was found at about 5 cm at its greatest extent, localized to the left oral floor region of the oropharynx, reddish, hardened edges, surface and bottom corrugated carton. The differential diagnosis suggested was traumatic ulcer, paracoccidioidomycosis and squamous cell carcinoma. The approach employed was obtained by incisional biopsy and the piece sent to histopathological analysis, confirming the case of squamous cell carcinoma. The treatment consisted in clarifying the patient about the disease and the need to search for an oncology center. It is concluded that the oral clinical examination is accurate in all major injuries to mouth, even if the chief complaint does not focus on this. In individuals at high risk examination should be systematic and individuals with suspicious lesions should be referred to specialist consultation.

O papel do epstein barr vírus na carcinogênese oral

Introduction: the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the head and neck cancer of higher occurrence, representing about 90% of all these tumors. The SCC has several risk factors as smoking, alcohol and some oncogenic viruses, including the Epstein Barr virus (EBV). The EBV is a member of Herpesviridae family and has tropism for B lymphocytes and also for epithelial cells. Aim: the aim of this study was accomplish a review of the literature about the presence of the EBV in oral carcinomas. Conclusion: EBV is closely related to nasopharyngeal carcinoma, a SCC of high incidence in Southeast Asia, however its role in others oral SCC has not been proved.

Carcinoma de lábio com prognóstico sombrio devido conduta médica inadequada

The Squamous Cell Carcinoma is what more happens among the oral cancers, being considered sweats incidence in more than 90%. As important prognostic factor competes the early diagnosis and the immediate institution of the treatment, that it can involve radiotherapy and chemotherapy besides the surgery. The initial lesions don’t offer great diagnostic difficulties and now complemental laboratory exams define the diagnosis quickly, In the present report, the initial medical conduct was inadequate, with incomplete interpretation of the laboratorial result and adoption of inadequate therapeutic conduct, what resulted in constant evolution of the lesion. The patient came to the consultation with that medical history, after six months of the first attendance accomplished in another center. To the physical exam, infiltrative ulcerated lesion was observed in the lower lip, with having accentuated tissue loss superficially. The patient accused spontaneous pain and she did use an ointment, recommended six months ago for occasion of the first attendance. As diagnostic conduct was indicated the accomplishment of cytology and biopsy, being defined the diagnosis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma. The patient was immediately guided to the medical service of its municipal district for manegement of the specialized oncologic treatment. The patient was submitted the surgery followed by radiotherapy, being verified involvement of another structures by contiguity. Now, the patient meets abed, without viable perspectives of cure. The present report emphasizes the importance of the clinical knowledge and professional responsibility in attendance of cases of that nature.

Carcinoma escamoso oral: análise retrospectiva de 185 casos

The squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy in the oral cavity, representing over 90% of cancers in this region. This study aimed to conduct an epidemiological study of oral squamous carcinoma cases diagnosed by the Department of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Clinical Propaedeutics in the Dentistry Faculty of Araçatuba - UNESP, in the period between 1995 and 2005. 185 cases were studied, it was observed that the oral floor and tongue were the sites most affected, with predominance in males, white race and aged between 41 and 60 years, noting that the majority of patients were smokers. Knowledge of these data is important for the dental surgeon to act preventively, contributing to early diagnosis of cancer.

Carcinoma de células escamosas em epitélio nasal de um hamster chinês: relato de caso

The squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a neoplasm that affect pets, production animals and exotic animals, and it’s very common in tropical countries like Brazil, once it develops a sparsely pigmented, stratified squamous epithelium and on surfaces mucosa exposed to ultraviolet action. The SCC is quite infiltrative but rarely causes metastases. Its occurrence in the nasal epithelium is widely reported in cats. This case is a chinese hamster (Cricetulus griséus), female, young, who developed a nasal nodule, and their only clinical sign was intense itching. The animal underwent surgery to perform an incisional biopsy, which was referred to the Veterinary Pathology Service of UNESP, campus of Araçatuba (SP) for histopathological evaluation. The material showed features consistent with squamous cell carcinoma well differentiated.

Influência das células mioepiteliais neoplásicas benignas de adenoma pleomórfico na produção de MMPs -1, -2, - 8, -9 e -13 por células epiteliais malignas e sua possível relação com o índice de invasão

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Investigação da amplificação do EGFR em carcinoma de células escamosas de boca em pacientes jovens

Pós-graduação em Biopatologia Bucal - ICT