Representações de alunos com deficiência sobre os currículos de seus cursos de graduação na Universidade Federal do Pará

Na presente dissertação, trazemos como objeto de estudo as representações de alunos com deficiência sobre os currículos dos seus respectivos cursos de graduação na Universidade Federal do Pará. Para tanto, adotamos como referencial teórico-metodológico a perspectiva de representações de Lefebvre, que compreende que muitas representações dificilmente são identificadas e, por isso, impedem a percepção e transformação do real. A pesquisa buscou elucidar os conteúdos dessas representações, que, quando representados, perdem sua condição de invisíveis ou não perceptíveis e permitem a apropriação da realidade social, possibilitando rupturas com realidades excludentes. Desse modo, objetivamos identificar as representações de alunos com deficiência sobre os currículos dos seus cursos de graduação da Universidade Federal do Pará; conhecer como se deu o processo de construção histórica dessas representações; e identificar possíveis consequências e influências dessas representações na permanência e conclusão dos cursos de graduação pelos alunos com deficiência. A abordagem metodológica utilizada foi qualitativa, pautada no método materialista-histórico e dialético, com base na concepção de representações em Lefebvre. Para coleta de dados utilizamos a técnica da entrevista aberta a cinco alunos com deficiência regularmente matriculados na Universidade Federal do Pará. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da técnica de Análise do Conteúdo. Considerando o currículo um campo de disputas, pudemos conhecer vivências e realidades dos sujeitos de pesquisa. Quanto às representações sobre o currículo, identificamos como relevantes conteúdos a concepção de deficiência, o preconceito experienciado por meio das relações interpessoais e os benefícios do engajamento e da militância política como apontamentos fundamentais. Observamos também, diante da resiliência expressa pelos sujeitos por meio de suas representações sobre o currículo, a possibilidade de o currículo funcionar como um instrumento de resistência e de fomento à contra hegemonia, ou seja, instrumento de ruptura de práticas educacionais excludentes. Assim, as representações sobre o currículo por alunos com deficiência indicam que, embora essa arena de conflitos e disputas por poder ainda reproduza desigualdades históricas, o currículo se mostra um potencial instrumento para a construção e a efetivação de práticas inclusivas na Universidade.

Para fazer chorar as pedras: o gênero musical guarânia no Brasil, décadas de 1940/50

Pós-graduação em Música - IA

Por uma história do livro e da leitura no Pará: o caso da Guajarina, editora de folhetos de cordel (1922-1949)

A presente dissertação analisa a atuação da editora Guajarina na divulgação da literatura de cordel no Pará a partir de uma história do livro e da leitura, tendo como recorte o período de 1922 a 1949. Nesse sentido, procuramos explorar algumas questões relacionadas ao cordel que não se reduzem aos textos, tais como: a problematização da associação entre cordel, cultura popular e folclore; a produção e circulação dos folhetos; e as representações e estratégias dos poetas nas histórias de crimes. Desse modo, a análise da Guajarina e de seus folhetos nos permite entender alguns significados das múltiplas práticas de leitura da sociedade no contexto da primeira metade do século XX. Além dos folhetos, também são utilizadas fontes como jornais, revistas e coleções encadernadas de modinhas.

Campesinato, identidade e memória: os tiradores de açaí ou como colocar-se no mundo

Este texto tem como objetivo refletir a intersecção entre os conceitos de campesinato e identidade a partir do estudo de caso dos tiradores de açaí, chamados de família Monteiro, moradores da vila Monteiro, no município de Afuá (PA). Os dados empíricos coletados através de observação participante e realização de entrevistas foram registrados em 2011 e 2012. Argumentamos que os tiradores de açaí, em situações de reflexão no presente, e por meio de suas práticas, pelas representações sociais e memória coletiva constroem suas identidades sociais coadunadas aos processos sociais em que estão inseridos.

Linguagem poética e crescimento urbano-industrial / Poetical language and urban-industrial growth

O impacto do crescimento urbano-industrial sobre a lírica moderna é abordado sob o ângulo das dissonâncias ocorridas entre as representações temáticas e os procedimentos expressivos. Assim se confrontam as “respostas” dos poetas europeus à Revolução Industrial e o surgimento das grandes cidades com as dos modernistas brasileiros de 22 face à industrialização de São Paulo. Nestes, ao contrário dos primeiros, os conflitos instauram-se entre a celebração programática da vida moderna e, num primeiro momento, a impossibilidade de adequação de suas formas de expressão ao registro dessa modernidade. Dessa forma se explicam os desequilíbrios temático-expressivos existentes em Paulicéia Desvairada, bem como as adequações conseguidas por obras posteriores. The impact of urban-industrial growth on modern lyrics is approached from the angle of the dissonances which occurred between the thematic representations and the expressive procedures. Thus, the European poets’ responses to the Industrial Revolution and the emergence of the large cities are confronted with those of the 1922 Brazilian Modernists in relation to the industrialization of São Paulo. In the latter, contrary to what happened with ther former ones, the conflicts take place between the programmatic celebration of modern life and, at first, the impossibility of adequating their form of expressions to the record of said modernity. Thus the thematic-expressive disequilibrium in Paulicéia Desvairada, as well as de adequations obtained in later works are explained.

Media Education and Brazilian Educational Policies for the Enhancement of Learning

As media education concepts and practices have been disseminated and strengthened in European countries and Americas, the policies responsible for that expansion remain little known, particularly in countries where the achievements have been recently noted. That is the case for Brazil, where there have been new opportunities for media education, considered as a valuable resource to help accomplish goals of the educational system. This paper looks into the contribution of media education to the enhancement of teaching and learning in the context of innovations brought by recent policies of the Brazilian Ministry of Education. After educational reform programmes which brought the opportunity for emerging fields such as media education, we produced teaching material and conducted a series of workshops with students and teachers from state secondary schools. By reading and producing multimedia information about local public services available to young people, pupils learned about democracy, citizenship, civic engagement, media language, and identity. Lessons from our experiment are discussed against the backdrop of education policies being implemented to ameliorate harsh conditions resulting from the recent economic crisis. We suggest that media education can help by creating a learning environment in which the students become aware of the value of educational attainments.

Significados e expectativas de crianças das camadas populares em relação à escolarização

Nowadays, we understand the childhood as a result of historical and social changes. This work aims to comprehend representations and expectations made by children from the popular classes in the initial years of Fundamentaql Education. We conducted a research with six students from a public school that attends children from urban popular layer's families. The research examines the meanings and representations of educational practices developed in the relationships established among teachers, students and families through their life stories. Among the results, we can say that the environment of differentiation in the school id perceived to the students because they introject teacher's representations about their performance. Scientific studies show that children crystallize a positive image of the shool when the speech and posture of the institution value and encourage learning. However, the students are challenged to produce better results in order to participate in extracurricular activities, which they are excluded todue indiscipline or learning difficulties. The mean of the schooling is highly influenced by the performance of students and also by the attitude of educators in the family and in the school. The theoretical review points out that when students have a good performance, the merit is attributed to stress and ease they have to acquire the learning contents. In other hand, struggling students or with a lag of content explains the academic problems stems from the lack of capacity and potential for acquisition of learning compatible with age, defining schooling as something necessary for training, but which is inaccessible in their life stories

As interfaces entre linguagens audiovisuais e práticas pedagógicas em História e Geografia: experiências, possibilidades e limites no curta metragem como uma outra compreensão do local e do vivido

Specifically in the teaching practices of History and Geography notes a concern with the construction of school knowledge based on observance of categories such as 'everyday' and 'place', which emphasize a look intensively focused on the local context of the students - element (res) significance, situated in time and space, the representations and actions of individuals, the (re) defining their identities (individual and / or collective) and rights to citizenship. However, both educators in history, as in geography, should be alert to some limits of a strictly pedagogical 'localist'. When it comes to use of language technology audiovisual in line with the pedagogical existing in “PCN's” history and geography, one must keep in mind that not just resize the movie to local level (whether in the classroom or outside), or elect the 'localism' as the new panacea of a certain 'pedagogy' of audiovisual language. With the desire to promote the development of new methods of teaching history and geography is that we designed a research project. This is creating opportunity with the possibility of graduating videos reflect on the teaching of history and geography, according to the use of a new technological language and art (cinema), the association with the reality of the students (hence the site survey and urban) as well as the promotion of an active and critical dialogue with the PCNs’s recommendations.

Qualidade da educação escolar: discursos, práticas e representações sociais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

História oral, memória e representações sociais: diálogos com a educação de pessoas adultas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mídias Sociais, Adolescentes e Cidadania: Espaços de Representações e de Educação para a Mídia

Pós-graduação em Educação - FCT

A Culture of Relationships: Early Care for Italian and American Children

A culture of childhood is a shared vision – an agreed upon vision – of the needs and rights of children, including ideas about how the people of the community can collectively nurture them and at the same time be renewed by them. In other words, it is a set of values, beliefs, and practices that people have created to guide their way of nurturing young children and their families. The vision is about investing in young children and investing in the supports and relationships that children need to learn and grow, both for the reason that children carry our future and because they carry our hopes and dreams for the future. These hopes and dreams begin with birth. Sensitive, emotionally available parents create the framework for interaction with their children by responding to the baby’s cues, engaging the baby in mutual gazes, and imitating the baby. The baby, born with a primary ability to share emotions with other human beings eagerly joins the relationship dance. The intimate family circle soon widens. Providers, teachers, and directors of early childhood programs become significant figures in children’s lives—implicit or explicit partners in a "relationship dance" (Edwards & Raikes, 2002). These close relationships are believed to be critical to healthy intellectual, emotional, social, and physical development in childhood and adolescence as well. These conclusions have been documented by diverse fields of science, ranging from cognitive science to communication studies and social and personality psychology. Close relationships contribute to security and trust, promote skill development and understanding, nurture healthy physical growth, infuse developing self-understanding and self-confidence, enable self-control and emotion regulation, and strengthen emotional connections with others that contribute to prosocial motivation (Dunn, 1993; Fogel, 1993; Thompson, 1996). Furthermore, many studies showing how relationship dysfunction is linked to child abuse and neglect, aggression, criminality, and other problems involving the lack of significant human connections (Shankoff & Meisels, 2000). In extending the dance of primary relationships to new relationships, a childcare teacher can play a primary role. The teacher makes the space ready--creating a beautiful place that causes everyone to feel like dancing. Gradually, as the dance between them becomes smooth and familiar, the teacher encourages the baby to try out more complex steps and learn how to dance to new compositions, beats, and tempos. As the baby alternates dancing sometimes with one or two partners, sometimes with many, the dance itself becomes a story about who the child has been and who the child is becoming, a reciprocal self created through close relationships.

Employability, Changes and Psychosociological Demands on Work

This article presents some reflections on the `employability` construct, based on the ""Empregabilidade: Versoes e implicacoes. Uma leitura desde a Psicologia Social"" research project. Its history is presented first as an instrumental notion implying several meanings, all oriented towards holding people responsible for entering, staying at or leaving jobs. This reflection includes, beyond individualization, questions about visible or invisible actors involved in labor markets and in the definition of its criteria and rules. Interfaces with the academic world and formation devices are also discussed, as well as demands for Human Resources personnel and practices. Finally, questions about the psychosocial implications of the phenomenon are presented.

Cartographic notes on the work in the Family Health Strategy: relationships between workers and the population

The objective of this intervention study was to map instituted and instituting movements present in the work of the Family Health Strategy in the development of their care practices. The theoretical framework is based on institutional analysis, using the schizoanalytic approach. Group meetings were carried out with the staff to discuss how they provided collective care in continuing health education. The study subjects were professionals from the team and students who were engaged in academic activity in the service. The average attendance was twelve people per meeting, and there were a total of eight meetings from March to July 2010. Data were grouped into two immanent strata: the relationships of the team and the relationship with clients. The strata point to the intersection of education and legal institutions and the social and technical division of labor. Collective thinking in groups appeared to be effective in denaturalizing established processes and interrogating places, knowledge and practices.

Matrix Support in Mental Health: Achievements and Limits in Primary Health Care

Changes in mental health care in the city of Fortaleza (Northeastern Brazil) have a recent historical and political process. Compared to other municipalities of the State of Ceara, which in the early 1990s were already pioneers in the process, Fortaleza has not implemented the changes due to the interests of psychiatric hospitals, of psychiatric outpatient clinics of the public network, and because of the difficulty in managing the new mental health devices and equipment present in Primary Care. In the municipality, the reorganization of mental health actions and services has required that the Primary Care Network faces the challenge of assisting mental health problems with the implementation of Matrix Support. In light of this context, we aimed to evaluate Matrix Support in mental health in Primary Care Units and to identify achievements and limitations in the Primary Care Units with Matrix Support. This study used a qualitative approach and was carried out by means of a case study. We interviewed twelve professionals from the Family Health Teams of four Units with implemented Matrix Support. The analysis of the information reveals that access, decision making, participation and the challenges of implementing Matrix Support are elements that are, in a dialectic way, weak and strong in the reorganization of services and practices. The presence of Matrix Support in Primary Care highlights the proposal of dealing with mental health within the network in the municipality. The process has not ended. Mobilization, awareness-raising and qualification of Primary Care have to be enhanced constantly, but implementation has enabled, to the service and professionals, greater acceptance of mental health in Primary Care.