Gestão da Assistência Farmacêutica: módulo 4: unidade 3: programação, aquisição, armazenamento e distribuição de medicamentos

A eficiência do gerenciamento de estoques de medicamentos é fundamental para suprir as necessidades de medicamentos das instituições de saúde, além de colaborar também para diminuir gastos. Baseado nisso, a proposta de conteúdo visa detalhar as etapas de programação, aquisição, distribuição e armazenamento de medicamentos. Inicialmente, o conteúdo discutirá como desenvolver a atividade de programação nos serviço público, detalhando os diferentes métodos para este fim (consumo histórico, perfil epidemiológico, oferta de serviços, consumo ajustado...). Na sequência, serão abordadas as etapas da aquisição dos medicamentos, de modo a esclarecer os trâmites burocráticos desse processo. E, por fim, serão apresentados os cuidados no armazenamento e na distribuição, para evitar perdas e organizar o estoque de medicamentos, bem como o manejo dos resíduos de saúde. Ao final do desta unidade, espera-se que o especializando compreenda a importância do que foi discutido, para o gerenciamento da assistência farmacêutica.

A aquisição da linguagem

Este vídeo aborda o tema “A aquisição da linguagem” e o papel da Equipe de Saúde da Família no acompanhamento de bebês e crianças, quais orientações e encaminhamentos podem ser dados e qual a melhor conduta para os profissionais nesses casos.

Aquisição de medicamentos

Este conteúdo trata da aquisição de medicamentos no serviço público de saúde. Apresenta o objetivo da aquisição, bem como a forma de pactuação e o financiamento da aquisição de medicamentos no serviço público; com ênfase para as diferentes modalidades de licitação pública, para os princípios constitucionais e as fases do processo de licitação e os procedimentos para elaboração de um edital de licitação de medicamentos.

Tabaco e sua relação com a doença periodontal

Este estudo abordou a doença periodontal associada ao tabagismo. A partir de uma revisão da literatura, foi mostrado o histórico do tabaco e sua conseqüente epidemia mundial, a importância da periodontia como especialidade da profissão, os malefícios do tabaco a nível tecidual e celular do periodonto, suas consequëncias e prevenção. Segundo a literatura, a doença periodontal possui duas entidades distintas: a gengivite e a periodontite que têm como causa principal a placa bacteriana que pode estar associada a outros fatores, entre eles, o tabaco. Este é considerado um dos mais importantes fatores de risco, pois atua na resposta imunológica, na vasoconstrição mascarando a doença, causa citoxicidade em tecidos bucais, alteração na microbiota oral e liberação da cotinina em saliva ou fluidos gengivais. De uma forma geral, os pacientes periodontais devem ser orientados quanto à prática de medidas preventivas como uma correta escovação, uso de fio dental, complementados com o uso de enxaguatórios. Entretanto, os estudos indicam que no caso dos fumantes, se não houver a colaboração do usuário em cessar de fumar, seja em programas antitabagistas ou por vontade própria, os resultados da terapia periodontal sempre serão insatisfatórios em relação aos não-fumantes. Mediante isto, o paciente fumante sempre deve ser informado em relação as suas limitações e conseqüentes prejuízos a nível periodontal ao longo do tempo, demonstrando a importância de uma participação ativa da equipe de saúde bucal nas campanhas anti-tabagismo. Considerando que o consumo de tabaco é socialmente aceito e de fácil aquisição, da dificuldade me se mudar hábitos, o atendimento aos pacientes periodontais fumantes é um grande desafio. A forma de minimizar os efeitos do tabagismo naqueles pacientes que não querem ou não conseguem parar de fumar é obter uma abordagem eficaz.

Semiologia neurológica numa população de escolares da primeira série do ensino fundamental

We evaluated children in the first grade of a elementary school using neurological examination. With no previous knowledgement of their educational performance, were invited all children attending five classes of the first grade of an elementary public school chosen randomly, in Itatiba / Sao Paulo / Brazil, whose parents assigned a Commitment Term for participation in this research. Children who missed three evaluations in different days or whose parents did not assigned the Commitment Term were excluded. The Traditional Neurological Examination (ENT) (Lefevre, 1972) was applied. It was considered for normal the measurement of the skull circumference, proposed by Diament & Rodrigues (1976), and the application of all ENT items. The data were stored in a database of the Epi6 Program (Epidemiologic Information), and analyzed by percentage calculation and by the c2 test. The significance level was 0.05. Children evaluated were 124. The ENT results were normal in 87 (70.16%) and altered in 37 (29.83%). Among the alterations, there were observed: light tremor, light muscular hypotonia, speech acquisition delay, macrocephaly, microcephaly, hyperactivity, cranial nerve syndrome, central facial paralysis. One child presented corticospinal tract impairment syndrome of the distal lower extremities.

Avaliação de técnicas de classificação digital de imagens landsat em diferentes padrões de cobertura da terra em Rondônia

Remotely sensed imagery has been widely used for land use/cover classification thanks to the periodic data acquisition and the widespread use of digital image processing systems offering a wide range of classification algorithms. The aim of this work was to evaluate some of the most commonly used supervised and unsupervised classification algorithms under different landscape patterns found in Rondônia, including (1) areas of mid-size farms, (2) fish-bone settlements and (3) a gradient of forest and Cerrado (Brazilian savannah). Comparison with a reference map based on the kappa statistics resulted in good to superior indicators (best results - K-means: k=0.68; k=0.77; k=0.64 and MaxVer: k=0.71; k=0.89; k=0.70 respectively for three areas mentioned). Results show that choosing a specific algorithm requires to take into account both its capacity to discriminate among various spectral signatures under different landscape patterns as well as a cost/benefit analysis considering the different steps performed by the operator performing a land cover/use map. it is suggested that a more systematic assessment of several options of implementation of a specific project is needed prior to beginning a land use/cover mapping job.

Avaliação térmica de placas de argamassa de cimento e casca de arroz aquecidas por resistência elétrica

An alternative proposal for floor heating system by means of electric resistance for both chick and piggy installation is presented in this work. Several formulations of rice husk and cement mortar boards were used. An electronic device controlled all board temperature. This system presented a good efficiency design. The conventional cement mortar mixed with rice husk showed a better performance.

Equipamento microprocessado para geração de sinal de correção diferencial, em tempo real, para GPS

This work presents the development of low cost microprocessor-based equipment for generation of differential GPS correction signal, in real time, and configuration and supervision of the GPS base. The developed equipment contains a dedicated microcontroller connected to the GPS receiver, alphanumeric display and multifunction keyboard for configuration and operation of the system and communication interfaces. The electronic circuit has the function of receiving the information from GPS base; interpret them, converting the sentence in the RTCM SC-104 protocol. The microcontroller software makes the conversion of the signal received by the GPS base from the specific format to RTCM SC-104 protocol. The processing main board has two serials RS-232C standard interfaces. One of them is used for configuration and receiving the information generated by the GPS base. The other operates as output, sending the differential correction signal for the transmission system. The development of microprocessor-based equipment showed that it is possible the construction of a low cost private station for real time generation of differential GPS correction signal.

Sistema MINUS® - técnica minimamente invasiva para o tratamento das fraturas transtrocanterianas do fêmur

The MINUS system was developed as a minimally invasive procedure that uses a diaphyseal cephalic extramedullary implant for the treatment of transtrochanteral fractures of the femur in elderly patients. The implant consists of a sliding screw coupled to a plate adapted to the minimally invasive technique. The surgical access is approximately three centimeters in length located on the lateral surface of the hip, below the projection of the small trochanter. A perfectly adapted instrument was used for the procedure, which also requires the use of an image intensifier, reducing surgery time and rate of bleeding. The objective of this study is to present a new instrument and implant, developed specifically for treatment with the minimally invasive technique, reducing the length of the conventional surgical access from 10 to three centimetres. This new implant was given the commercial name of MINUS System.

Implante coclear em crianças: a visão dos pais

The objective of this study was to analyze the point of view of parents in relation to the cochlear implant, their level of information concerning the implant, its risks and benefits, and their expectations towards their children's future. Ten parents of deaf children candidate for the cochlear implant at Unicamp's Clinical Hospital were interviewed. Based on a qualitative approach, a content analysis showed that the majority of parents seek the cure for deafness, and consequently, the acquisition of speech with the cochlear implant. For these families, the cochlear implant is seen both as the solution to their children's deafness and as a path for a better future. It has been evidenced that during the acquisition of knowledge about the implant, parents experienced anxiety and anguish when faced with the risks and benefits of the procedure, and the need to choose between performing and not performing the cochlear implant.

TEORIA SINTÁTICA: DE UMA PERSPECTIVA DE -ISMOS PARA UMAPERSPECTIVA DE PROGRAMAS

This paper tries to show that the developments in linguistic sciences are better viewed as stages in a single research program, rather than different ideological -isms. The first part contains an overview of the structuralistas' beliefs about the universality and equivalence of human languages, and their search for syntactic universals. In the second part, we will see that the generative program, in its turn, tries to answer why language is a universal faculty in the human species and addresses questions about its form, its development and its use. In the second part, we will see that the paper gives a brief glimpse of the tentative answers the program has been giving to each of these issues.

Estudo inicial da degradação in vivo de poli(L-co-D,L ácido lático), sintetizado em laboratório, aplicado como prótese tibial em coelhos

The copolymer poly (L-co-D,L lactic acid), PLDLA, has gained prominence in the field of temporary prostheses due to the fact that their time of degradation is quite compatible with the requirement in the case of osseous fracture. In this work the in vivo degradation of devices from copolymer, as a system of plates and screws, used in fixation of the tibia of rabbits was studied. The devices were implanted in 15 adult rabbits, albinos, New Zealand race, and they were used as control devices of alloys of titanium (Ti-6Al-4V/ V grade). The use of copolymers, synthesized in the laboratory, was tested in the repair of fracture in rabbits'tibias, being assessed in the following times: 2 weeks, 2 months and 3 months. Morphological analysis of tissue surrounding the plate and screw system, for 2 weeks of implantation, showed the presence of osteoblasts, indicating a pre bone formation. After 2 months there was new bone formation in the region in contact with the polymer. This bone growth occurred simultaneously with the process of PLDLA degradation, invading the region where there was polymer and after 3 months there was an intense degradation of the copolymer and hence greater tissue invasion compared to 2 months which characterized bone formation in a region where the polymer degraded. The in vivo degradation study of the devices for PLDLA by means of histological evaluations during the period of consolidation of the fracture showed the efficiency of plate and screw system, and it was possible to check formation of bone tissue at the implantation site, without the presence of inflammatory reaction

Efeitos de diferentes protocolos de treinamento físico sobre o controle autonômico e cardiorrespiratório em homens de meia-idade

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Análise dos esforços de alta intensidade de jogadores de futebol profissional

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Analise do processo de rastreamento automatico de jogadores em esportes coletivos

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física