Leyendas del norte / por Vicente de Arana.

Digitalización Vitoria-Gasteiz Fundación Sancho el Sabio 2008

Biblioteca del bascófilo : ensayo de un catálogo general sistemático y crítico de las obras referentes á las provincias de Vizcaya, Guipúzcoa, Álava y Navarra / por Angel Allende Salazar.

Obra premiada por la Biblioteca Nacional en el concurso público de 1877

Olózaga : 1808-1863 : estudio político y biográfico encargado por la Tertulia Progresista de Madrid / Angel Fernández de los Ríos. Discursos que pronunció en el Congreso de los Diputados el Excmo. Señor Don Salustiano de Olózaga, los días 11 y 12 de dici

CLU CLU

Descripciones de Alava : libro inédito de Ricardo Becerro de Bengoa, escrito el año de 1880 / prólogo é índices por Angel de Apraiz.

Publicación del Real Ateneo de Vitoria

Provisos for classic linear oscillator design methods. New linear oscillator design based on the NDF/RRT

In this paper, the classic oscillator design methods are reviewed, and their strengths and weaknesses are shown. Provisos for avoiding the misuse of classic methods are also proposed. If the required provisos are satisfied, the solutions provided by the classic methods (oscillator start-up linear approximation) will be correct. The provisos verification needs to use the NDF (Network Determinant Function). The use of the NDF or the most suitable RRT (Return Relation Transponse), which is directly related to the NDF, as a tool to analyze oscillators leads to a new oscillator design method. The RRT is the "true" loop-gain of oscillators. The use of the new method is demonstrated with examples. Finally, a comparison of NDF/RRT results with the HB (Harmonic Balance) simulation and practical implementation measurements prove the universal use of the new methods.

Transpose return relation method for designing low noise oscillators

In this paper, a new linear method for optimizing compact low noise oscillators for RF/MW applications will be presented. The first part of this paper makes an overview of Leeson's model. It is pointed out, and it is demonstrates that the phase noise is always the same inside the oscillator loop. It is presented a general phase noise optimization method for reference plane oscillators. The new method uses Transpose Return Relations (RRT) as true loop gain functions for obtaining the optimum values of the elements of the oscillator, whatever scheme it has. With this method, oscillator topologies that have been designed and optimized using negative resistance, negative conductance or reflection coefficient methods, until now, can be studied like a loop gain method. Subsequently, the main disadvantage of Leeson's model is overcome, and now it is not only valid for loop gain methods, but it is valid for any oscillator topology. The last section of this paper lists the steps to be performed to use this method for proper phase noise optimization during the linear design process and before the final non-linear optimization. The power of the proposed RRT method is shown with its use for optimizing a common oscillator, which is later simulated using Harmonic Balance (HB) and manufactured. Then, the comparison of the linear, HB and measurements of the phase noise are compared.

Comments and remarks over classic linear loop-gain method for oscillator design and analysis. New proposed method based on NDF/RRT

Abstract. This paper describes a new and original method for designing oscillators based on the Normalized Determinant Function (NDF) and Return Relations (RRT)- Firstly, a review of the loop-gain method will be performed. The loop-gain method pros, cons and some examples for exploring wrong solutions provided by this method will be shown. This method produces in some cases wrong solutions because some necessary conditions have not been fulfilled. The required necessary conditions to assure a right solution will be described. The necessity of using the NDF or the Transpose Return Relations (RRT), which are related with the True Loop-Gain, to test the additional conditions will be demonstrated. To conclude this paper, the steps for oscillator design and analysis, using the proposed NDF/RRj method, will be presented. The loop-gain wrong solutions will be compared with the NDF/RRj and the accuracy of this method to estimate the oscillation frequency and QL will be demonstrated. Some additional examples of plane reference oscillators (Z/Y/T), will be added and they will be analyzed with the new NDF/RRj proposed method, even these oscillators cannot be analyzed using the classic loop gain method.

Influencia de la velocidad de deformación en el modo de rotura de vigas de hormigón armado de alta resistencia

Gran parte de los edificios e infraestructuras que son susceptibles de ser objeto de un atentado terrorista están sustentados por una estructura portante de hormigón armado. El comportamiento de estructuras de hormigón armado está bien caracterizado ante solicitaciones estáticas, por el contrario, existen todavía incertidumbres sobre el comportamiento ante cargas impulsivas como la que provoca una explosión. Por este motivo en este trabajo se estudia un mismo esquema estructural ante dos solicitaciones de distinta velocidad de deformación, con el objeto de comprobar su influencia en el modo de fallo de la estructura. Se parte de una campaña experimental desarrollada por la Agencia de Defensa de Suecia sobre vigas de hormigón armado de alta resistencia, a partir de la cual se desarrollan estudios analíticos y simulaciones numéricas. Se comprueba que ante carga impulsiva las vigas tienen una resistencia mayor que ante carga estática, si bien con cuantías altas de armado pueden presentarse modos de fallo frágiles, lo que debe ser tenido en cuenta en el diseño de estructuras de hormigón armado para que sean seguras ante explosiones.

An evolutionary algorithm for the surface structure problem

Many macroscopic properties: hardness, corrosion, catalytic activity, etc. are directly related to the surface structure, that is, to the position and chemical identity of the outermost atoms of the material. Current experimental techniques for its determination produce a “signature” from which the structure must be inferred by solving an inverse problem: a solution is proposed, its corresponding signature computed and then compared to the experiment. This is a challenging optimization problem where the search space and the number of local minima grows exponentially with the number of atoms, hence its solution cannot be achieved for arbitrarily large structures. Nowadays, it is solved by using a mixture of human knowledge and local search techniques: an expert proposes a solution that is refined using a local minimizer. If the outcome does not fit the experiment, a new solution must be proposed again. Solving a small surface can take from days to weeks of this trial and error method. Here we describe our ongoing work in its solution. We use an hybrid algorithm that mixes evolutionary techniques with trusted region methods and reuses knowledge gained during the execution to avoid repeated search of structures. Its parallelization produces good results even when not requiring the gathering of the full population, hence it can be used in loosely coupled environments such as grids. With this algorithm, the solution of test cases that previously took weeks of expert time can be automatically solved in a day or two of uniprocessor time.

SVis: A computational steering visualization environment for surface structure determination

The arrangement of atoms at the surface of a solid accounts for many of its properties: Hardness, chemical activity, corrosion, etc. are dictated by the precise surface structure. Hence, finding it, has a broad range of technical and industrial applications. The ability to solve this problem opens the possibility of designing by computer materials with properties tailored to specific applications. Since the search space grows exponentially with the number of atoms, its solution cannot be achieved for arbitrarily large structures. Presently, a trial and error procedure is used: an expert proposes an structure as a candidate solution and tries a local optimization procedure on it. The solution relaxes to the local minimum in the attractor basin corresponding to the initial point, that might be the one corresponding to the global minimum or not. This procedure is very time consuming and, for reasonably sized surfaces, can take many iterations and much effort from the expert. Here we report on a visualization environment designed to steer this process in an attempt to solve bigger structures and reduce the time needed. The idea is to use an immersive environment to interact with the computation. It has immediate feedback to assess the quality of the proposed structure in order to let the expert explore the space of candidate solutions. The visualization environment is also able to communicate with the de facto local solver used for this problem. The user is then able to send trial structures to the local minimizer and track its progress as they approach the minimum. This allows for simultaneous testing of candidate structures. The system has also proved very useful as an educational tool for the field.

Escuela de arquitectura de Nantes y Palais de Tokio

Muchos son los aspectos que interesan en la arquitectura de Lacaton y Vassal y que son analizados en los distintos artículos que se incluyen en esta publicación. En ocasiones, las acciones humanas tienen la cualidad de despertar un interés que va más allá del objeto mismo para el que fueron realizadas. La mayor parte de los proyectos y obras de Lacaton y Vassal posee esta cualidad que, entre otras cosas, se traduce en un alto valor pedagógico que, en este caso, tiene carácter metodológico.

Project based learning activities as a means of adapting conventional curricula to the demands of the 21st century aeronautical engineer: The design and building of the EYEFLY 1.

In this paper we report the process of designing and building the EYEFLY 1, a real UAS platform which has just performed its maiden flight. For the development of this aircraft, 30 groups of students from successive years at the Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Aeronáutica (EUITA) of the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) carried out their compulsory End of Degree Project as a coordinated Project Based learning activity. Our conclusions clearly indicate that Project Based Learning activities can provide a valid complement to more conventional, theoretically-based, teaching methods. The combination of both approaches will allow us to maintain traditional but well-tested methods for providing our students with a sound knowledge of fundamental engineering disciplines and, at the same time, to introduce our students to exciting and relevant engineering situations and sceneries where social and business skills, such as communication skills, team-working or decision-taking, can be put into practice.

Historia de la vida de S. Vicente Ferrer : Apostol de Europa : Hijo de la Nobilissima Ciudad de Valencia ...

Según Serrano Morales, en la imprenta del Molino de Rovella en 1713 trabajaba el impresor Juan González