ADUBAÇÃO N-K NO ABACAXIZEIRO ‘BRS IMPERIAL’ – II EFEITO NO SOLO, NA NUTRIÇÃO DA PLANTA E NA PRODUÇÃO

RESUMO O abacaxizeiro ‘BRS Imperial’ é uma cultivar resistente à fusariose, apresenta frutos saborosos, mas ainda é pouco conhecido dos fruticultores. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses de N e K nas características químicas do solo, nos teores foliares de nutrientes e nas variáveis de produção de um cultivo de ‘BRS Imperial’. O experimento foi instalado no espaçamento 0,90 x 0,40 x 0,40 m, com quatro doses de N (0; 160; 320 e 550 kg ha-1) e quatro de K2O (0; 240; 480 e 600 kg ha-1), em blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições, em fatorial completo 4 x 4. Foram realizadas análises químicas das folhas e do solo, e mensuradas as variáveis de produção. O cultivo do abacaxizeiro sem N e K ou apenas com adubação nitrogenada resultaram em menores índices de pH, K+, Ca e 2+Mg2+ no solo, no final do ciclo de cultivo, em relação aos teores iniciais. Mesmo na maior dose de K aplicada, o teor deste nutriente no solo ficou baixo. Os teores foliares de N e K estimados, nas doses máximas testadas, foram 12,8 e 31,8 g kg-1, respectivamente. As variáveis de colheita mostraram significância para as doses de N em todas as avaliações, enquanto as doses de K2O influenciaram apenas na relação comprimento/diâmetro do fruto. Pela análise de regressão, as doses de N mostraram efeito quadrático na massa dos frutos com coroa, a qual se apresentou com 1.086 g na dose máxima física de 365 kg ha-1 e produtividade estimada de 42 t ha-1.

Bevacizumab, Pemetrexed, and Cisplatin, or Bevacizumab and Erlotinib for Patients With Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Stratified by Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation: Phase II Trial SAKK19/09.

OBJECTIVE: The goal was to demonstrate that tailored therapy, according to tumor histology and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status, and the introduction of novel drug combinations in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer are promising for further investigation. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter phase II trial with mandatory EGFR testing and 2 strata. Patients with EGFR wild type received 4 cycles of bevacizumab, pemetrexed, and cisplatin, followed by maintenance with bevacizumab and pemetrexed until progression. Patients with EGFR mutations received bevacizumab and erlotinib until progression. Patients had computed tomography scans every 6 weeks and repeat biopsy at progression. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) ≥ 35% at 6 months in stratum EGFR wild type; 77 patients were required to reach a power of 90% with an alpha of 5%. Secondary end points were median PFS, overall survival, best overall response rate (ORR), and tolerability. Further biomarkers and biopsy at progression were also evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 77 evaluable patients with EGFR wild type received an average of 9 cycles (range, 1-25). PFS at 6 months was 45.5%, median PFS was 6.9 months, overall survival was 12.1 months, and ORR was 62%. Kirsten rat sarcoma oncogene mutations and circulating vascular endothelial growth factor negatively correlated with survival, but thymidylate synthase expression did not. A total of 20 patients with EGFR mutations received an average of 16 cycles. PFS at 6 months was 70%, median PFS was 14 months, and ORR was 70%. Biopsy at progression was safe and successful in 71% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: Both combination therapies were promising for further studies. Biopsy at progression was feasible and will be part of future SAKK studies to investigate molecular mechanisms of resistance.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) with or without hemithoracic radiotherapy: final results of the randomized multicenter phase II trial SAKK17/04.

Aim: We have previously documented the feasibility of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and EPP in a multicenter trial of MPM (Weder, Ann Oncol 18: 1196, 2007). The objectives of the trimodality trial SAKK17/04 (NCT00334594) were to evaluate the time to loco-regional relapse with or without high dose hemithoracic radiotherapy in a prospective multicenter randomized phase II trial in patients with R0 and R1 resection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and EPP. Methods: Eligible patients had pathologically confirmed MPM, surgically resectable TNM stage (T1-3 N0-2 M0), PS0-1, ages 18-70 years. Part 1 had a phase II design, and included neoadjuvant chemotherapy with 3 cycles of cisplatin and pemetrexed, followed by restaging and EPP. The primary endpoint of part 1 was complete macroscopic resection (R0-1). Part 2 randomized consenting patients with R0-1 resection into two parallel phase II arms (control arm A and radiotherapy arm B). The primary endpoint for part 2 was loco-regional relapse-free survival (RFS). To detect a 1 year increase with 80% power and 10% alpha, 37 patients were needed for arm B. Secondary endpoints included operability, tolerability of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, survival, and translational research Results: Because accrual of part 2 was slower than planned, the trial was stopped in 2013. Overall, 153 patients entered the trial, of whom 125 underwent surgery and 99 had a complete macroscopic resection (primary endpoint part 1). Of the later patients, 54 could be randomized 1:1 into each arm. Reasons for non-randomization included patient refusal in 24 and ineligibility or protocol deviations in 21. Of the 27 patients randomized to hemithoracic radiotherapy, 25 completed the treatment as planned. For part 1 the median RFS was 8.8 (95%CI: 7.3-10.7) and median OS was 15.0 (95% CI: 12.1-19.3) months. For part 2 the median local RFS for group A was 7.6 (95%CI: 5.5-10.7) and for group B 9.4 (95%CI: 6.5-11.9) months (primary endpoint part 2), while the overall RFS and OS for group A were 5.7 (95%CI: 3.5-8.8) and 16.9 (95%CI: 10.7-23.6) months and for group B 7.6 (95% CI:5.2-10.6) and 14.9 (95%CI: 7.0-17.6) months. Conclusions: This study did not reach the primary endpoint which was defined as one-year increase in loco-regional relapse-free survival and thus does not support the routine use of hemithoracic RT after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and EPP. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Esquisse d'une anthropologie clinique II. Les comportements psychopathologiques comme formes de vie, pensés à l'articulation du fonctionnement neurobiologique, de l'intériorité subjective et des formes symboliques

Un précédent article a présenté les deux démarches fondant l'anthropologie clinique : l'anthropopsychiatrie de Jacques Schotte, qui permet d'inscrire la clinique dans le champ de l'anthropologie, et l'anthropologie sémiotique formulée par Jean Lassègue, Victor Rosenthal et Yves-Marie Visetti, qui dote cette même clinique, grâce à la notion de forme symbolique, de moyens rigoureux pour assurer sa démarche scientifique. Dans ce deuxième article, les auteurs commencent par dégager le potentiel intégratif de l'anthropologie clinique en explicitant la structure de l'humain et le cadre épistémologique qui organisent ce nouveau paradigme. Puis, se référant plus précisément à certaines formes cliniques psychiatriques contemporaines, ils montrent comment on peut bien les comprendre quand on les pense comme des formes de vie, à l'articulation du fonctionnement neurobiologique, de l'intériorité subjective et des formes symboliques. Éclairage valable, selon les auteurs, pour penser tout le champ de la psychopathologie et des soins s'y référant. A previous article presented the two foundational approaches of clinical anthropology : Jacques Schotte's anthropopsychiatry, which inscribes clinics in the field of anthropology, and semiotic anthropology as formulated by Jean Lassègue, Victor Rosenthal and Yves-Marie Visetti, which provides this same clinics, through the notion of symbolic form, with rigorous instruments to ensure its scientific approach. In this second article, the authors begin by highlighting the integrative potential of clinical anthropology through a clarification of the human structure and the epistemological framework that organize this new paradigm. Then, referring specifically to some contemporary psychiatric clinical forms, they show how well they can be understood when they are considered as life forms of subjective interiority and symbolic forms, at the articulation of neurobiological functioning. According to the authors, this approach shed a useful light for thinking the entire field of psychopathology and related care forms.

Adjuvant Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, and Oxaliplatin in Stage II to III Colon Cancer: Updated 10-Year Survival and Outcomes According to BRAF Mutation and Mismatch Repair Status of the MOSAIC Study.

PURPOSE: The MOSAIC (Multicenter International Study of Oxaliplatin/Fluorouracil/Leucovorin in the Adjuvant Treatment of Colon Cancer) study has demonstrated 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) and 6-year overall survival (OS) benefit of adjuvant oxaliplatin in stage II to III resected colon cancer. This update presents 10-year OS and OS and DFS by mismatch repair (MMR) status and BRAF mutation. METHODS: Survival actualization after 10-year follow-up was performed in 2,246 patients with resected stage II to III colon cancer. We assessed MMR status and BRAF mutation in 1,008 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 9.5 years, 10-year OS rates in the bolus/infusional fluorouracil plus leucovorin (LV5FU2) and LV5FU2 plus oxaliplatin (FOLFOX4) arms were 67.1% versus 71.7% (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; P = .043) in the whole population, 79.5% versus 78.4% for stage II (HR, 1.00; P = .980), and 59.0% versus 67.1% for stage III (HR, 0.80; P = .016) disease. Ninety-five patients (9.4%) had MMR-deficient (dMMR) tumors, and 94 (10.4%) had BRAF mutation. BRAF mutation was not prognostic for OS (P = .965), but dMMR was an independent prognostic factor (HR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.15 to 3.55; P = .014). HRs for DFS and OS benefit in the FOLFOX4 arm were 0.48 (95% CI, 0.20 to 1.12) and 0.41 (95% CI, 0.16 to 1.07), respectively, in patients with stage II to III dMMR and 0.50 (95% CI, 0.25 to 1.00) and 0.66 (95% CI, 0.31 to 1.42), respectively, in those with BRAF mutation. CONCLUSION: The OS benefit of oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy, increasing over time and with the disease severity, was confirmed at 10 years in patients with stage II to III colon cancer. These updated results support the use of FOLFOX in patients with stage III disease, including those with dMMR or BRAF mutation.

Type II aromatic polyketide biosynthetic tailoring enzymes: diversity and adaptation in Streptomyces secondary metabolism.

Members of the bacterial genus Streptomyces are well known for their ability to produce an exceptionally wide selection of diverse secondary metabolites. These include natural bioactive chemical compounds which have potential applications in medicine, agriculture and other fields of commerce. The outstanding biosynthetic capacity derives from the characteristic genetic flexibility of Streptomyces secondary metabolism pathways: i) Clustering of the biosynthetic genes in chromosome regions redundant for vital primary functions, and ii) the presence of numerous genetic elements within these regions which facilitate DNA rearrangement and transfer between non-progeny species. Decades of intensive genetic research on the organization and function of the biosynthetic routes has led to a variety of molecular biology applications, which can be used to expand the diversity of compounds synthesized. These include techniques which, for example, allow modification and artificial construction of novel pathways, and enable gene-level detection of silent secondary metabolite clusters. Over the years the research has expanded to cover molecular-level analysis of the enzymes responsible for the individual catalytic reactions. In vitro studies of the enzymes provide a detailed insight into their catalytic functions, mechanisms, substrate specificities, interactions and stereochemical determinants. These are factors that are essential for the thorough understanding and rational design of novel biosynthetic routes. The current study is a part of a more extensive research project (Antibiotic Biosynthetic Enzymes; www.sci.utu.fi/projects/biokemia/abe), which focuses on the post-PKS tailoring enzymes involved in various type II aromatic polyketide biosynthetic pathways in Streptomyces bacteria. The initiative here was to investigate specific catalytic steps in anthracycline and angucycline biosynthesis through in vitro biochemical enzyme characterization and structural enzymology. The objectives were to elucidate detailed mechanisms and enzyme-level interactions which cannot be resolved by in vivo genetic studies alone. The first part of the experimental work concerns the homologous polyketide cyclases SnoaL and AknH. These catalyze the closure of the last carbon ring of the tetracyclic carbon frame common to all anthracycline-type compounds. The second part of the study primarily deals with tailoring enzymes PgaE (and its homolog CabE) and PgaM, which are responsible for a cascade of sequential modification reactions in angucycline biosynthesis. The results complemented earlier in vivo findings and confirmed the enzyme functions in vitro. Importantly, we were able to identify the amino acid -level determinants that influence AknH and SnoaL stereoselectivity and to determine the complex biosynthetic steps of the angucycline oxygenation cascade of PgaE and PgaM. In addition, the findings revealed interesting cases of enzyme-level adaptation, as some of the catalytic mechanisms did not coincide with those described for characterised homologs or enzymes of known function. Specifically, SnoaL and AknH were shown to employ a novel acid-base mechanism for aldol condenzation, whereas the hydroxylation reaction catalysed by PgaM involved unexpected oxygen chemistry. Owing to a gene-level fusion of two ancestral reading frames, PgaM was also shown to adopt an unusual quaternary sturucture, a non-covalent fusion complex of two alternative forms of the protein. Furthermore, the work highlighted some common themes encountered in polyketide biosynthetic pathways such as enzyme substrate specificity and intermediate reactivity. These are discussed in the final chapters of the work.

Reações de inserção intramolecular de diazo compostos polifuncionais catalisadas por ródio(II): síntese de oxetan-3-ona-2-carboxilato e outros heterociclos funcionalizados

gamma-Hydroxy-alpha-diazo-beta-ketoesters are key intermediates in the chemistry of penicilin-based antibiotics and natural products. The method developed here for the synthesis of ethyl 2-diazo-4-hydroxy-3-oxo-butanoate 17 (in two steps from the diazo mercurial 2) compares very favorably with those reported in the literature for similar compounds. The Rh2(OAc)4-mediated intramolecular OH-insertion reaction of the diazo hydroxy ester 17 was investigated, furnishing the oxetan-3-one-2-carboxilate 18 in good yield. When the diazo ester lacks a free hydroxyl group as in the case of the phenoxy diazo ester 11 an intramolecular CH-insertion takes place, affording the 2H-chromene 20 in almost quantitative yield. The behavior of other functionalized diazo esters towards Rh2(OAc)4 was also investigated.

Preludes : Book II

Soitinnus : Piano

Salome II Juhlasalista kuuluva musiikki

Soitinnus: orkesteri. Melartinin käsikirjoitusluettelon tunnus Mel 12:74b (ks. http://lib.siba.fi/fi/kokoelmat/kasikirjoitusarkisto/melartin_erkki/).

Concentrar els àpats en 12 hores evita el sobrepès

L'obesitat és un dels principals factors de risc per a moltes patologies, com la diabetis de tipus II, la cirrosi no alcohòlica, les malalties cardiovasculars i diversos tipus de càncer. La major part de tractaments contra l'obesitat i de recomanacions per evitar el sobrepès se centren en la dieta, principalment en la quantitat i el contingut nutricional del menjar, i en el nombre d'àpats diaris. Però l'investigador Satchidananda Panda i els seus col·laboradors, del departament de gastroenterologia de la Universitat de Califòrnia a San Diego (EUA), han identificat un altre factor que és també molt important: el temps que passa entre el primer i l'últim àpat del dia. Segons han publicat a Cell Metabolism, aquest interval no hauria de superar les dotze hores.

Revisión crono-tipológica de un grupo de cerámicas africanas de cocina: la forma Ostia I, 272 - Atlante CVII, 11-12

El hallazgo de diversos ejemplares completos en la villa romana de Els Antigons (Reus, Tarragona) de las formas Ostia I, 272 y Atlante CVII, 11-12 de la cerámica africana de cocina nos permite plantearnos la unificación tipológica de las mismas, así como la revisión de su cronología (segunda mitad del siglo II a mediados del III dC) y su relación con la forma Raqqada 1973, LIII, D1. Asimismo, se documenta su difusión en la costa mediterránea de la Hispania Citerior.

Magnetic and transport properties of II-V diluted magnetic semiconductors doped with manganese and nickel

This thesis is devoted to investigations of three typical representatives of the II-V diluted magnetic semiconductors, Zn1-xMnxAs2, (Zn1-xMnx)3As2 and p-CdSb:Ni. When this work started the family of the II-V semiconductors was presented by only the compounds belonging to the subgroup II3-V2, as (Zn1-xMnx)3As2, whereas the rest of the materials mentioned above were not investigated at all. Pronounced low-field magnetic irreversibility, accompanied with a ferromagnetic transition, are observed in Zn1-xMnxAs2 and (Zn1-xMnx)3As2 near 300 K. These features give evidence for presence of MnAs nanosize magnetic clusters, responsible for frustrated ground magnetic state. In addition, (Zn1-xMnx)3As2 demonstrates large paramagnetic response due to considerable amount of single Mn ions and small antiferromagnetic clusters. Similar paramagnetic system existing in Zn1-xMnxAs2 is much weaker. Distinct low-field magnetic irreversibility, accompanied with a rapid saturation of the magnetization with increasing magnetic field, is observed near the room temperature in p- CdSb:Ni, as well. Such behavior is connected to the frustrated magnetic state, determined by Ni-rich magnetic Ni1-xSbx nanoclusters. Their large non-sphericity and preferable orientations are responsible for strong anisotropy of the coercivity and saturation magnetization of p- CdSb:Ni. Parameters of the Ni1-xSbx nanoclusters are estimated. Low-temperature resistivity of p-CdSb:Ni is governed by a hopping mechanism of charge transfer. The variable-range hopping conductivity, observed in zero magnetic field, demonstrates a tendency of transformation into the nearest-neighbor hopping conductivity in non-zero magnetic filed. The Hall effect in p-CdSb:Ni exhibits presence of a positive normal and a negative anomalous contributions to the Hall resistivity. The normal Hall coefficient is governed mainly by holes activated into the valence band, whereas the anomalous Hall effect, attributable to the Ni1-xSbx nanoclusters with ferromagnetically ordered internal spins, exhibits a low-temperature power-law resistivity scaling.

Disputatio pro articulo II. Libri concordiae

Arkit: A-C4 D2.

De petitione Naamanis Syri, II. Reg. cap. V. vers. 18

Invocatio: D.D.

De palo Paulino II. Corinth. XII: v. VII

Invocatio: Q.B.V.D.T.O.M.