Is there a fair and democratic way out of the crisis?: some proposals in the light of the ECLA philosophy

Includes bibliography

Evaluation of semen characteristics of the species Mazama americana in captivity

In recent years the concept of genomic resource banks has grown as a way of maintaining the genetic variability of populations, while the quality of cryopreservation of the gametes determines the effectiveness of such banks. However, the absence of basic knowledge regarding the physiology of species and their semen characteristics hampers the establishment of reproductive biotechnologies. Thus, this paper aimed to determine certain physicochemical (volume, colour, appearance, pH and osmolarity) and microscopic characteristics (mass movement, motility, vigour, concentration, and sperm morphology and morphometry) of semen of the species Mazama americana. To achieve this, five males of the species were used, and three semen samples per buck (electroejaculation) were collected at intervals of 2 weeks. The volume, pH and osmolarity of the ejaculate were 0.39 ± 0.14 mL, 6.90 ± 0.74 and 297.74 ± 19.10 mOsm/kg, respectively, while the values obtained for mass movement, motility, vigour and concentration were 3.33 ± 0.82; 69.6 ± 8.92%; 3.53 ± 0.50, and 244.07 ± 98.65 × 107/mL, respectively. Regarding the colour of the ejaculate, five samples were classified as ivory, two as yellowish, two as whitish and six as white. Regarding appearance, seven samples were considered creamy and eight, milky. Morphology was analysed in a humid chamber under phase contrast microscopy and 73.50 ± 5.57% of cells presented normal morphology, 8.37 ± 3.15% presented major defects and 18.13 ± 6.46% presented minor defects. To determine sperm morphometry, an optical microscope (Leica DM 5000B) and the Leica Qwin image analyser program were used, resulting in 8.09 ± 0.40, 4.65 ± 0.30, 2.81 ± 0.44 and 30.25 ± 3.02 m for length, largest width, smallest width and area, respectively. Copyright © CSIRO 2013.

Irregular satellites of Jupiter: Three-dimensional study of binary-asteroid captures

Among the hidden pieces of the giant puzzle, which is our Solar system, the origins of irregularsatellites of the giant planets stand to be explained, while the origins of regular satellites arewell explained by the in situ formation model through matter accretion. Once they are notlocally formed, the most acceptable theory predicts that they had been formed elsewhere andbecame captured later, most likely during the last stage of planet formation. However, underthe restricted three-body problem theory, captures are temporary and there is still no assistedcapture mechanism which is well established. In a previous work, we showed that the capturemechanism of a binary asteroid under the co-planar four-body scenario yielded permanentcaptured objects with an orbital shape which is very similar to those of the actual progradeirregular Jovian satellites. By extending our previous study to a 3D case, here we demonstratethat the capture mechanism of a binary asteroid can produce permanent captures of objects byitself which have very similar orbits to irregular Jovian satellites. Some of the captured objectswithout aid of gas drag or other mechanisms present a triplet: semi-major axis, eccentricityand inclination, which is comparable to the already known irregular Jovian objects. © 2013 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Changing the way the United States measures income and poverty: a progress report, draft

Includes bibliography

Report of the High Level Follow up Meeting to the United Nations General Assembly 60th Session 2005 World Summit: Strengthening Social Development, the Way Forward for Caribbean SIDS

Includes bibliography

Variáveis canônicas não singulares e o movimento rotacional de satélites artificiais

Pós-graduação em Física - FEG

Report of the seminar on Caribbean development thinking the path covered and the way forward

The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean, and secretariat of the Caribbean Development and Cooperation Committee (CDCC) convened a Seminar on Caribbean Development Thinking: The Path Covered and the Way Forward, in Port of Spain on 21 October 2009. The meeting was attended by representatives of the following CDCC member countries: Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago. Representatives of the following organizations of the United Nations system also attended: the International Labour Organisation (ILO); Joint United Nations Project on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS); and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The following intergovernmental organizations were represented: the Caribbean Community (CARICOM); the Caribbean Development Bank (CDB); the Caribbean Regional Negotiating Mechanism/Caribbean Community (CRNM/CARICOM); Delegation of the European Commission in Trinidad and Tobago; the Organisation of American States (OAS); and the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS). The University of the West Indies (UWI) also participated. The list of participants appears as annex I to this report.

Classificação de áreas de favelas a partir de imagens ikonos: viabilidade de uso de uma abordagem orientada a objetos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Vulnerabilidade ao fogo de florestas intactas e degradadas na região de Santarém - Pará

A Amazônia se constitui atualmente como a maior floresta tropical úmida remanescente e contínua do mundo e abriga a maior diversidade de plantas e animais dentre todos os biomas da Terra, constituindo de suma importância para a manutenção da biodiversidade. A região tem passado por mudanças significativas nas últimas décadas, mudanças que são resultantes principalmente das alterações da paisagem/cobertura vegetal, impulsionadas pelo aumento populacional e práticas de manejo inadequado da terra, resultado de desmatamentos, queimadas, mudanças nas atividades agrícolas, pecuária, exploração madeireira, programas de colonização, abertura de estradas e problemas latifundiários. Dentre esses fatores, as queimadas e incêndios florestais se tornam os problemas mais críticos para a região, pois o manejo do fogo pelos produtores rurais na maioria das vezes é feito de forma inadequada, escapando de controle e provocando prejuízos econômicos, sociais e ecológicos. Florestas que já queimaram uma vez ficam mais susceptíveis a novos incêndios, pois tornam-se mais inflamáveis devido a modificação em sua estrutura do dossel, na dinâmica de umidade relativa do ar, temperatura do ar e no combustível fino no chão da floresta. Sendo assim, objetivou-se neste trabalho investigar os padrões diurnos de inflamabilidade de florestas intactas e degradadas na região de Santarém – PA, área de grandes alterações no padrão de uso do solo, com intensas atividades agrícolas e agropecuárias, região que apresenta também número significativo de focos de incêndios. Observou-se que as florestas intactas da região são significativamente menos inflamáveis do que as florestas degradadas, e as bordas das florestas degradadas são mais inflamáveis que seu interior, comprovados por dados da dinâmica de umidade relativa e temperatura do ar, umidade da Serapilheira e taxa de abertura do dossel. Esses dados foram associados com dados socioeconômicos através de entrevistas semi estruturadas, com o objetivo de saber como os produtores rurais manejam o fogo, onde os resultados mostraram que o treinamento de manejo de fogo influencia significativamente na adoção de boas práticas de uso de fogo, como por exemplo, não colocar fogo em horário crítico (entre 11 e 15 horas para região estudada), fazer aceiro, queimar contra o vento, esperar a primeira chuva, entre outros. O tamanho da propriedade não influencia significativamente no uso adequado de fogo, porém os pequenos produtores são os que mais o utilizam em suas atividades produtivas, uma vez que este se constitui a forma mais barata para limpar e preparar a terra. Neste sentido, este trabalho visa mostrar a necessidade de investimento em pesquisas sobre a inflamabilidade das florestas, o aperfeiçoamento das análises de satélites associadas às pesquisas em campo, como uma forma de amenizar e talvez solucionar os problemas das queimadas na Amazônia, além de colaborar para adoção de uma política de incentivo a redução das queimadas pelos produtores rurais, aliadas ao treinamento de uso do fogo, acesso a informação e tecnologias alternativas ao manejo de fogo.

ORBITAL PERTURBATIONS OF THE GALILEAN SATELLITES DURING PLANETARY ENCOUNTERS

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Semi-analytical study of the rotational motion stability of artificial satellites using quaternions

This study at aims performing the stability analysis of the rotational motion to artificial satellites using quaternions to describe the satellite attitude (orientation on the space). In the system of rotational motion equations, which is composed by four kinematic equations of the quaternions and by the three Euler equations in terms of the rotational spin components. The influence of the gravity gradient and the direct solar radiation pressure torques have been considered. Equilibrium points were obtained through numerical simulations using the softwares Matlab and Octave, which are then analyzed by the Routh-Hurwitz Stability Criterion.

Analysis of 25 mutual eclipses and occultations between the Galilean satellites observed from Brazil in 2009

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)