eta photoproduction on the proton in a chiral constituent quark approach via a one-gluon-exchange model

A formalism based on a chiral quark model (chi QM) approach complemented with a one-gluon-exchange model, to take into account the breakdown of the SU(6)circle times O(3) symmetry, is presented. The configuration mixing of wave functions for nucleon and resonances are derived. With few adjustable parameters, differential cross-section and polarized-beam asymmetry for the gamma p -> eta p process are calculated and successfully compared with the data in the center-of-mass energy range from threshold to 2 GeV. The known resonances S-11(1535), S-11(1650), P-13(1720), D-13(1520), and F-15(1680), as well as two new S-11 and D-15 resonances, are found to be dominant in the reaction mechanism. Moreover, connections among the scattering amplitudes of the chi QM approach and the helicity amplitudes, as well as decay widths of resonances, are established. Possible contributions from the so-called missing resonances are investigated and found to be negligible.

Anomaly in the charge radii and nuclear structure

The axially deformed relativistic mean field theory is applied to study the isotope shift of charge distributions of odd-Z Pr isotope chain. The nuclear structure associated with the shell and the isotope effect is investigated. The mechanism of link in the isotope shift at the neutron magic number N = 82 is revealed to be dependent on the neutron energy level structure at the Fermi energy, demonstrating that the spin-orbit coupling interaction and p-n attraction are well described by the relativistic mean field theory.

快重离子在聚苯乙烯中的辐照效应研究

本工作用兰州重离子加速器提供的2.1GeV的Kr离子分别在空气和真空条件下辐照了多层堆叠的聚苯乙烯薄膜样品，辐照剂量在5 * 10~(10)到3 * 10~(12)ions/cm~2之间，辐照温度在室温附近。辐照后对样品分别进行了傅立叶变换红外光谱和紫外可见光谱的测量，由此研究了快重离子辐照聚苯乙烯产生的物理和化学改性。实验结果表明，聚苯乙烯经Kr离子辐照后发生了降解，包括苯环在内的大部分官能团遭到破坏，相应特征峰的吸光度随辐照剂量和能损的增加而减小。与此同时，辐照还在1650-1750cm~(-1)之间和3300cm~(-1)处产生了新的吸收峰，其分别对应于C=O双键的分子振动和C≡C-H的C-H伸缩振动，表明辐照在聚苯乙烯中产生了炔基。实验发现产生炔基需要离子有足够高的电子能损值，在聚苯乙烯中该能损阈值约为1.0keV/nm。在材料经辐照发生降解的同时，样品的光吸收边界逐渐红移，并伴有透光率的下降。详细的测量显示，在紫外可见区材料吸光度的增加随剂量近似呈线性关系，随能损呈约二次方的指数关系。通过对2.1GeV的Kr离子和1.4GeV的Ar离子辐照结果的比较还发现，快重离子辐照产生的物理化学改性不仅与离子的能损有关，还与离子的速度有关。在同一能损条件下，速度越小，产生的效应就越大。文中用径向能量沉积密度和有效化学反应半径对上述结果进行分析讨论。

参与肿瘤侵袭和转移的细胞外基质降解酶

肿瘤细胞在侵袭和转移过程中必需穿透一系列天然组织屏障—基底膜和细胞外基质。合成及分泌大量基质降解酶，降解细胞外基质是肿瘤细胞侵袭、转移的重要步骤［１］。目前所知与肿瘤侵袭、转移有关的基质降解酶有两大类：蛋白酶类和糖苷酶类，前者主要降解细胞外基质中的蛋...

Characterization of stable isotope fractionation during methane production in the sediment of a eutrophic lake,lake dagow,germany

We measured delta C-13 of CO2, CH4, and acetate-methyl in profundal sediment of eutrophic Lake Dagow by incubation experiments in the presence and absence of methanogenic inhibitors chloroform, bromoethane sulfonate (BES), and methyl fluoride, which have different specificities. Methyl fluoride predominantly inhibits acetoclastic methanogenesis and affects hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis relatively little. Optimization of methyl fluoride concentrations resulted in complete inhibition of acetoclastic methanogenesis. Methane was then exclusively produced by hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis and thus allowed determination of the fractionation factors specific for this methanogenic pathway. Acetate, which was then no longer consumed, accumulated and allowed determination of the isotopic signatures of the fermentatively produced acetate. BES and chloroform also inhibited CH4 production and resulted in accumulation of acetate. The fractionation factor for hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis exhibited variability, e. g., it changed with sediment depth. The delta C-13 of the methyl group of the accumulated acetate was similar to the delta C-13 of sedimentary organic carbon, while that of the carboxyl group was by about 12 parts per thousand higher. However, the delta C-13 of the acetate was by about 5 parts per thousand lower in samples with uninhibited compared with inhibited acetoclastic methanogenesis, indicating unusual isotopic fractionation. The isotope data were used for calculation of the relative contribution of hydrogenotrophic vs. acetoclastic methanogenesis to total CH4 production. Contribution of hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis increased with sediment depth from about 35% to 60%, indicating that organic matter was only partially oxidized in deeper sediment layers.

沈阳福陵油松年轮宽度年表的建立

该文以沈阳福陵的油松为样本建立了油松年轮宽度年表(标准化年表、差值年表和自回归年表).分析表明:年表与冬季(上年11—2月)和初春(4—5月)低温的关系密切,其中与上年11月、1月的低温显著相关;年表与1、2月的降水量显著相关,还与1、9月的水汽压显著相关;上年10月—上年11月9、月、5—6月份的相对湿度对油松的影响突出;蒸发量对油松生长起显著的负效应,其中5月最明显,但1、2月的蒸发量与油松当年的年轮宽度正相关.油松年表的窄轮和窄化突变佐证了公元1650年以来的35次主要的旱灾年.油松年轮宽度年表和过去太阳活动、地磁的活动均存在共同的准周期变化.

物候模式识别在生态动力预报中的应用

以物候资料和数值天气预报模式输出图为基础,应用模式识别和数理逻辑判断的自动化技术,阐述制作生态动力预报的原理、方法和步骤.生态动力预报技术使传统的物候学在气象学和自动化技术支持下,扩展应用到生态预报业务领域,使物候预报从单站预报阶段发展到区域预报阶段,同时促进了农业气象预报方法从定性、统计阶段向动力预报阶段发展.该方法在农作物播种、长势、灌溉与施肥、病虫害防治等方面具有广阔的应用前景.

站在新的历史起点上推进生态文明建设

<正>生态文明的提出是历史的必然人类历史是一部人与自然关系发展的历史,它经历了一个从被动适应到主动适应的过程。在原始社会,即渔猎文明时期,人类只是被动地适应自然,对自然界没有实质性破坏和威胁,并处处受自然界的束缚,形成了原始的文明意识,此间历时百万年。随着农业的诞生,特别是铁器生产工具的出现,人们从被动适应自然过渡到主动适应自然,并出现了农业文明,此间历时万余年。在这一时期,人们为了自身的

湖北省近500年区域干湿序列重建及其比较分析

在历史旱涝记载资料可靠性检验的基础上,重建了湖北省3个区域近500年来的干湿气候变化序列,并比较分析了各区域干湿气候变化的趋势特征、准周期性及跃变现象。结果表明:在3个区域中,鄂东区1570~1770、1890~1950年两个时段偏湿,1470~1520、1790~1830年则偏干;鄂北区偏湿时期主要在1470~1530、1710~1750、1850~1910年三个时段,1470~1530、1770~1830年则偏干;鄂西南区有1550~1610、1650~1710、1830~1890、1930~1990

Effect of the addition of YAG(Y3Al5O12) nanopowder on the mechanical properties of lanthanum zirconate

La2Zr2O7 (LZ) is a promising thermal barrier coating material for the high-temperature applications, which could be significantly toughened by the YAG nanopowder incorporated into the matrix. The composites of xYAG/(1-x)LZ (Y=10, 15, 20 vol. %, LZ-x-YAG) were densified by means of high-pressure sintering (HPS) under a pressure of 4.5 GPa at 1650 degrees C for 5 min, by which a high-relative density above 93% could be obtained. The morphologies of the fractured surfaces were investigated by the scanning electron microscope, and the fracture toughness and Vicker's-hardness of the composites were evaluated by the microindentation. The grain size of the LZ matrix drops significantly with the addition of YAG nanoparticles and the fracture type changes from the intergranular to a mixture type of the transgranular and intergranular in the nanocomposites. The LZ-20-YAG nanocomposite has a fracture toughness of 1.93 MPa m(1/2), which is obviously higher than that of the pure LZ (1.57 MPa m(1/2)), and the toughening mechanism is discussed in this paper.

Efficient green electroluminescent cells using a poly(p-phenylene vinylene) multiblock copolymer sandwiched between carrier-transporting layers

With a newly synthesized poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) multiblock copolymer used in a triple-layer structure, efficient green light-emitting diodes with low driving voltage have been fabricated. The devices are turned on at 2.5 V, the brightness at 5 V is above 100 cd/m(2) and at 7 V is about 1650 cd/m(2), with an external quantum efficiency of about 1%. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.

High-pressure synthesis of gadolinium indium gallium garnet

High-pressure synthesis of garnet Gd3In2Ga3O12 is reported. It was found that the pressure-temperature region for the synthesis of Gd3In2Ga3O12 can be expressed as T(degrees C) < 2350-250P(GPa), and high pressure greatly reduced the reaction time. It was also found that the garnet Gd3In2Ga3O12 decomposed to GdGaO3 and In2O3 under 3.5 GPa and 1650 degrees C, and this process was accompanied by an increasing density of the products and an increasing coordination number for Ga3+ (4 to 6).