Southern California's megaflood event of ca. 1605 AD linked to large-scale atmospheric forcing

A distinct, 1- to 2-cm-thick flood deposit found in Santa Barbara Basin with a varve-date of 1605 AD ± 5 years testifies to an intensity of precipitation that remains unmatched for later periods when historical or instrumental records can be compared against the varve record. The 1605 AD ± 5 event correlates well with Enzel's (1992) finding of a Silver Lake playa perennial lake at the terminus of the Mojave River (carbon-14-dated 1560 AD ± 90 years), in relative proximity to the rainfall catchment area draining into Santa Barbara Basin. According to Enzel, such a persistent flooding of the Silver Lake playa occurred only once during the last 3,500 years and required a sequence of floods, each comparable in magnitude to the largest floods in the modern record. To gain confidence in dating of the 1605 AD ± 5 event, we compare Southern California's sedimentary evidence against historical reports and multi-proxy time-series that indicate unusual climatic events or are sensitive to changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. The emerging pattern supports previous suggestions that the first decade of the 17th century was marked by a rapid cooling of the Northern Hemisphere, with some indications for global coverage. A burst of volcanism and the occurrence of El Nino seem to have contributed to the severity of the events. The synopsis of the 1605 AD ± 5 years flood deposit in Santa Barbara Basin, the substantial freshwater body at Silver Lake playa, and much additional paleoclimatic, global evidence testifies for an equatorward shift of global wind patterns as the world experienced an interval of rapid, intense, and widespread cooling.

Ca 2+对叶绿体膜流动性及光系统II叶绿素蛋白质复合物的影响

通过实验我们证明Ca2+对叶绿体膜的流动性，对PS I和PS II叶绿素蛋白质复合物的相对含量，以及PS I和PS II的多肽均有影响。 Ca2+对叶绿体膜表层的流动性影响不大，但降低了叶绿体膜深层脂质分子的流动性。从另一个角度阐明了Ca2+抑制光能从PS II向PS I传递的机制。 Ca2+可使PS I的21，23，110KD的多肽转移至PS II，LHCP1和LHCP2中的CF1的两个亚基（55，60KD）转至CPa和LHCP3，从而增加了PS II的捕光截面，引起激发能在两个系统之间的分配的改变。 用免疫学方法可以证明CPIa2和LHCP2的Ab为复合抗体，CPIa1的Ab为单抗，我们可以推测向日葵的不同叶绿素蛋白质复合物具有同源性。

Taxonomic study of coenocytic green algae commonly growing on the coast of Karachi

Twelve commonly occurring coenocytic and siphonaceous species of marine benthic algae, i.e., Bryopsis pennatta Lamouroux, Caulerpa chemnitzia (Esper) Lamouroux, Ca. faridii Nizamuddin, Ca. manorensis Nizamuddin, Ca. racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh, Ca. taxifolia. (Vahl) C. Agardh, Chaetomorpha antennina (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Kutzing, Cladophora uncinella Harvey, Codium decorticatum (Woodward) Howe, Co. flabellatum Nizamuddin, Co. iyengarii Borgesen, and Valoniopsis pachynema (Martens) Borgesen, belonging to four different orders of the class Bryopsidophyceae, division Chlorophyta, were collected from the intertidal region of different coastal areas near Karachi (Pakistan) and investigated taxonomically. Codium decorticatum is a new report from this region and Co. decorticatum, Co. flabellatum and Co. iyengarii are described for the first time from the coast of Pakistan.

Transport properties of Ca-doped YBCO coated conductors

The authors have doped RABiTS coated conductor tapes with Ca in an attempt to enhance the transport properties. By diffusing Ca into the YBCO film from a CaZrO3 overlayer, the authors have been able to preferentially dope the grain boundaries of the superconductor. Hence it has been possible to obtain doped tapes which do not have a significantly degraded T-c. The authors have measured the critical currents of doped and undoped samples over a wide range of temperature, magnetic field, and magnetic field angle in order to study the effect of Ca on the grain boundaries. The authors find that doping using short anneal times produces enhanced critical currents in large magnetic fields.

Saint Martin's biological survey report, Bangladesh: fauna and flora checklist

This report presents an overview of the land-based biodiversity of the St Martin's Island, based on field visits during October 2014 and from historical data.

Report on Saint Martin's Island ecosystem boundary, Bangladesh: final report

This report seeks to strengthen national capacity on managing Marine Protected Area (MPAs) in Bangladesh. St Martin's Island was used as the pilot ecosystem boundary delineation.

Ca~（＋＋）Na~＋离子对湖南产五步蛇蛇毒PLA_2酶活力的影响

Ｃａ~（＋＋）离子能极大地激活五步蛇蛇毒ＰＬＡ_２的酶活力，Ｎａ离子只能在一定程度上激活，作者推测在测定ＰＬＡ_２酶活力的底物溶液中可以不加Ｎａ~＋离子。

外源Ca~(2+)对模拟微重力环境中鱼腥藻细胞质膜透性和光合特性的影响

以鱼腥藻为材料 ,研究了外源Ca2 +对模拟微重力环境中微藻细胞膜透性的影响。实验结果表明 :提高培养基中的Ca2 +浓度可减轻由模拟微重力造成的膜透性增大 ,有助于稳定细胞膜结构和功能。同时 ,外源Ca2 +降低了藻细胞光系统Ⅱ (PSⅡ )的光化学效率 (以荧光参数Fv/Fm表示 )下降的幅度 ,表明外源Ca2 +对模拟微重力环境下鱼腥藻细胞光合作用的损伤 ,有良好的防护效应。

Spin-cluster effect and lattice-deformation-induced Kondo effect, spin-glass freezing, and strong phonon scattering in La 0.7 Ca 0.3Mn 1-xCr xO 3

Besides the Kondo effect observed in dilute magnetic alloys, the Cr-doped perovskite manganate compounds La0.7 Ca0.3 Mn1-x Crx O3 also exhibit Kondo effect and spin-glass freezing in a certain composition range. An extensive investigation for the La0.7 Ca0.3 Mn1-x Crx O3 (x=0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.0) system on the magnetization and ac susceptibility, the resistivity and magnetoresistance, as well as the thermal conductivity is done at low temperature. The spin-glass behavior has been confirmed for these compounds with x=0.05, 0.1, and 0.3. For temperatures above Tf (the spin-glass freezing temperature) a Curie-Weiss law is obeyed. The paramagnetic Curie temperature θ is dependent on Cr doping. Below Tf there exists a Kondo minimum in the resistivity. Colossal magnetoresistance has been observed in this system with Cr concentration up to x=0.6. We suppose that the substitution of Mn with Cr dilutes Mn ions and changes the long-range ferromagnetic order of La0.7 Ca0.3 MnO3. These behaviors demonstrate that short-range ferromagnetic correlation and fluctuation exist among Mn spins far above Tf. Furthermore, these interactions are a precursor of the cooperative freezing at Tf. The "double bumps" feature in the resistivity-temperature curve is observed in compounds with x=0.05 and 0.1. The phonon scattering is enhanced at low temperatures, where the second peak of double bumps comes out. The results indicate that the spin-cluster effect and lattice deformation induce Kondo effect, spin-glass freezing, and strong phonon scattering in mixed perovskite La0.7 Ca0.3 Mn1-x Crx O3. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.

Effects of silicon addition on the electrical and magnetic properties of copper-doped (La,Ca)MnO3 compounds

In this paper we report about the electrical properties of La 0.7Ca0.3MnO3 compounds substituted by copper on the manganese site and/or deliberately contaminated by SiO2 in the reactant mixture. Several phenomena have been observed and discussed. SiO2 addition leads to the formation of an apatite-like secondary phase that affects the electrical conduction through the percolation of the charge carriers. On the other hand, depending on the relative amounts of copper and silicon, the temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity can be noticeably modified: our results enable us to compare the effects of crystallographic vacancies on the A and B sites of the perovskite with the influence of the copper ions substituted on the manganese site. The most original result occurs for the compounds with a small ratio Si/Cu, which display double-peaked resistivity vs. temperature curves. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.