Prevalence of Risk for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Association With Risk Factors in Primary Care

Abstract Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a chronic, progressive disease with high morbidity and mortality. It is underdiagnosed, especially among women. Objective: To study the prevalence of high risk for OSAS globally and for the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) categories, and to evaluate the reliability of the BQ use in the population studied. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study with individuals from the Niterói Family Doctor Program, randomly selected, aged between 45 and 99 years. The visits occurred between August/2011 and December/2012. Variables associated with each BQ category and with high risk for OSAS (global) were included in logistic regression models (p < 0.05). Results: Of the total (616), 403 individuals (65.4%) reported snoring. The prevalence of high risk for OSA was 42.4%, being 49.7% for category I, 10.2% for category II and 77.6% for category III. Conclusion: BQ showed an acceptable reliability after excluding the questions Has anyone noticed that you stop breathing during your sleep? and Have you ever dozed off or fallen asleep while driving?. This should be tested in further studies with samples mostly comprised of women and low educational level individuals. Given the burden of OSAS-related diseases and risks, studies should be conducted to validate new tools and to adapt BQ to better screen OSAS.

Association between Spirituality and Adherence to Management in Outpatients with Heart Failure

Abstract Background: Spirituality may influence how patients cope with their illness. Objectives: We assessed whether spirituality may influence adherence to management of outpatients with heart failure. Methods: Cross sectional study enrolling consecutive ambulatory heart failure patients in whom adherence to multidisciplinary treatment was evaluated. Patients were assessed for quality of life, depression, religiosity and spirituality utilizing validated questionnaires. Correlations between adherence and psychosocial variables of interest were obtained. Logistic regression models explored independent predictors of adherence. Results: One hundred and thirty patients (age 60 ± 13 years; 67% male) were interviewed. Adequate adherence score was observed in 38.5% of the patients. Neither depression nor religiosity was correlated to adherence, when assessed separately. Interestingly, spirituality, when assessed by both total score sum (r = 0.26; p = 0.003) and by all specific domains, was positively correlated to adherence. Finally, the combination of spirituality, religiosity and personal beliefs was an independent predictor of adherence when adjusted for demographics, clinical characteristics and psychosocial instruments. Conclusion: Spirituality, religiosity and personal beliefs were the only variables consistently associated with compliance to medication in a cohort of outpatients with heart failure. Our data suggest that adequately addressing these aspects on patient’s care may lead to an improvement in adherence patterns in the complex heart failure management.

The fishes of Illinois / Stephen Alfred Forbes and Robert Earl Richardson.

2nd ed.

Proceedings of the National Shellfisheries Association.

v. 62 (1972)

Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science.

Index (1831-1860)

Proceedings of the Dublin University Zoological and Botanical Association.

1-2

The birds of Illinois and Wisconsin.

v.9(1909)

The mammals of Illinois and Wisconsin, by Charles B. Cory ...

v.11(1912)

On some collections of fishes made in the Kankakee and Illinois Rivers [by] O. P. Hay.

v.1:no.4(1896)

Some notes on Pennsylvanian Crustaceans in the Illinois basin / Frederick R. Schram --.

v.35:no.3(1976)

A strange arthropod from the Mazon Creek of Illinois and the Trans Permo-Triassic Merostomoidea (Trilobitoidea) / [by] Frederick R. Schram --

v.20:no.6(1971)

Pennsylvanian invertebrates of the Mazon Creek area, Illinois / Eugene S. Richardson, Jr. --

v.12:no.2(1956)

New species of Leptocera Olivier in the burrows of the pocket gopher, Geomys Bursarius Illinoensis Komarek and Spencer, found in Illinois (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae) [by] O.W. Richards.

v.44:no.19(1964)

A recently discovered Phlegethontia from Illinois / by William D. Turnbull and Priscilla F. Turnbull.

v.37:no.19(1955)

Pennsylvanian invertebrates of the Mazon Creek area, Illinois. Trilobitomorpha arthropleurida, Eugene S. Richardson, Jr. --

v.12:no.5(1959)