Vigilancia centinela para enfermedad diarreica aguda por enterovirus en cinco unidades centinelas. Bogotá, D.C. enero – febrero 2008.

El Rotavirus es el germen causal de enfermedad diarreica aguda en el 20 al 70% de los niños hospitalizados por deshidratación y es el causante del 20% de las muertes por diarrea en el mundo en menores de cinco años. En Colombia se ha estimado la mortalidad por diarrea anual de 5270 niños, de las cuales 1318 fueron causadas por Rotavirus. (P arashar 2003)

Supervisión de la implantación de los nuevos currículos de las Enseñanzas de Régimen Especial : enseñanzas de Idiomas y enseñanzas profesionales de Música y Danza en el curso 2008-2009 : Plan General de Actuación de la Inspección Educativa : curso 2008-2009 : actuación preferente 2.2.c

En el curso 2008-2009 se concluyeron la implantación de los nuevos currículos de los cinco idiomas mayoritarios (alemán, francés, inglés, italiano y español para extranjeros) y de todos los cursos de enseñanzas profesionales de música y danza. Este CD-ROM recopila los resultados cuantitativos y cualitativos obtenidos por la Inspección Educativa en todos los centros que imparten estas enseñanzas en la Comunidad de Madrid a partir de instrumentos homologados. Se recogen también las conclusiones y las recomendaciones dirigidas a los centros educativos.

Observations on the feeding habits of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912) (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Campo Grande, an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Sand flies were captured weekly with CDC light traps from December 2003 to November 2005 in three areas of Campo Grande, in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul. These areas incorporated two patches of remnant forest and five houses. The blood meals of engorged female sand flies were identified using the avidin-biotin system of immunoenzymatic ELISA capture. Most (327/355) of the females analysed were Lutzomyia longipalpis, of which 66.4% reacted with human blood, 64.8% with that of birds and 8.9% with that of dogs. Females that had taken human blood predominated in the residential areas and two forest patches. The following combinations of blood were also detected for L. longipalpis in some of the samples analysed: bird + human (43.4%), bird + human + dog (6.1%). The combination bird + human + dog + pig was also found for Nyssomyia whitmani. Dogs and pigs appear to have little attractiveness for L. longipalpis. The results obtained demonstrate the eclecticism and high anthropophily of L. longipalpis and raise new questions with regard to the importance of dogs in VL epidemiology and the possible role of man as a source of infection for sand flies. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Seasonal variation of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & neiva, 1912) (Diptera : Psychodidae : Phlebotominae) in endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis, Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

The seasonal distribution of Lutzomyia longipalpis was studied in two forested and five domiciliary areas of the urban area of Campo Grande; MS, from December 2003 to November 2005. Weekly captures were carried out with CDC light traps positioned on ground and in the canopy inside a residual forest and on the edge (ground) of a woodland and in at least one of the following ecotopes in peridomiciles-a cultivated area, a chicken coop, a pigsty, a kennel, a goat and sheep shelter and an intradomicile. A total of 9519 sand flies were collected, 2666 during the first year and 6853 during the second. L. longipalpis was found throughout the 2-year period, presenting smaller peaks at intervals of 2-3 months and two greater peaks, the first in February and the second in April 2005, soon after periods of heavy rain. Only In one of the woodlands was a significant negative correlation (p < 0.05) between the number of insects and temperature during the first year and the climatic factors (temperature, RHA and rain) was observed. In the domiciliary areas in four domiciles some positive correlations (p < 0.05) occurred in relation to one or more climatic factors; however, the species shows a clear tendency to greater frequency (72%) in the rainy season than in the dry (28%). Thus, we recommend an intensification of the VL control measures applied in Campo Grande, MS, during the rainy season with a view to reducing the risk of the transmission of the disease. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All fights reserved.

Estado da arte da S.C.I.E. desde 1951 a 2008 e a sua aplicação como especialidade da engenharia

No âmbito da dissertação apresentada à Universidade da Madeira para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa na área da Segurança Contra Incêndio em Edifícios, abreviadamente designada por SCIE, desde 1951 a 2008 e a sua aplicação como especialidade da Engenharia, designadamente ao nível da fenomenologia da combustão, no que concerne à evolução histórica dos organismos, legislação, normas técnicas e factos históricos marcantes ao nível socioeconómico. Foi feita uma abordagem às normas europeias e à sua transcrição para as normas portuguesas devido ao factor político com a entrada de Portugal na C.E.E. em 1986. Neste sentido, este trabalho pretende dar a conhecer a evolução da SCIE em Portugal e exemplifica a sua aplicação como especialidade obrigatória para o licenciamento de qualquer edifício, independentemente da sua Utilização-Tipo à excepção dos estabelecimentos prisionais, instalações das forças armadas, espaços destinados ao armazenamento de explosivos e pirotecnia. O estudo de caso escolhido foi de um edifício de utilização mista da 4ª Categoria de Risco. Identificaram-se as diferenças entre a legislação anterior e o novo Diploma, a evolução histórica e as medidas a implementar no estudo de caso, apresentado no (anexo II), de acordo com o novo quadro legislativo.

501(C)(3) Nonprofit Organizations in Nebraska: 2008

Nonprofit organizations are important to the quality of life in communities. They exist in complex variety and include church congregations, private schools, service clubs, business leagues, social and recreational clubs, labor unions, farm bureaus, community theaters, neighborhood organizations and many more. Only the largest of nonprofits are likely to have employees, with most relying upon volunteers to meet their human resource requirements. They obtain their financial resources through donations, investments, grants and fee based activities, such as festivals and educational programs.