950 resultados para Geologia - Amazonas


Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

As florestas de várzea são de grande importância ecológica e socioeconômica, mas apesar de sua capacidade produtiva e resiliência natural, a ausência de planejamento está degradando esse ambiente. Para propor técnicas de manejo sustentável para esse ambiente é necessário a realização de estudos científicos do mesmo. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desse estudo é caracterizar e avaliar a dinâmica de fluxo de indivíduos em sete sítios de várzea em ilhas no Delta do Amazonas. Através de inventários realizados em duas ocasiões por sítio, obtiveram-se os dados necessários para calcular em percentagem a mortalidade natural, exploração e ingressos totais por comunidade e em classes diamétricas. Observou-se alto dinamismo do fluxo de passagem de classe diamétrica das espécies florestais na várzea e ao mesmo tempo taxas de recrutamento superiores aos constatados para a mortalidade. Conclui-se que no curto período monitorado as florestas de várzea apresentam alta resiliência em reação as fortes pressões antrópicas, embora essas constatações sejam apenas em nível de abundância do número de fustes independente da diversidade florística.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

A Feira Municipal Col. Jorge Teixeira existe, no mínimo, desde a década de 1970 tem sua inauguração oficial datada de 1994. Popularmente conhecida como “Feira da Manaus Moderna”, esta se consolidou na década de 1990 como a mais importante feira de Manaus. O papel atual da Feira da Manaus Moderna pode sofrer grandes modificações com as novas políticas em torno do abastecimento. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a importância atual da Feira Cel. Jorge Teixeira no abastecimento de Manaus a partir da análise da abrangência de sua rede comercial em relação às demais feiras e mercados municipais de Manaus.   

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Foram conduzidos experimentos de competição entre cultivares de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) em ecossistema de terra firme (Manaus - Amazonas), com objetivo de obter melhores cultivares de mandioca com relação a produtividade e teor de caroteno pró-vitamínico A. Raízes de sete cultivares de mandioca amarela foram selecionadas para identificação e quantificação de carotenos com atividade de vitamina A, mediante o método descrito por Rodriguez. Observou-se, também, as perdas de pró-vitamina A pelo processamento e armazenamento de farinha. Constatou-se a presença de três isômeros do beta - caroteno (o 13 - eis -beta - caroteno, o beta - caroteno todo trans e o 9 - eis -beta - caroteno U). Quanto aos teores de vitamina A, expressos em equivalente de retinol, nas raízes variaram de 4,4 a 18,8. Com relação a perda de atividade da vitamina A pelo processamento variou de 25,0 a 40,0 %, enquanto que o armazenamento por 6 meses em sacos plásticos transparentes, à temperatura ambiente e à exposição de luz, resultou em degradação total de seus carotenóides. Os resultados permitem concluir que três cultivares (IM 232; IM 104 e BGM 021) apresentaram os maiores teores de pró-vitamina A.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do ensacamento de cachos sobre a produção de maturação e qualidade dos frutos das cultivares de bananeiras (Thap maeo, FHIA 18, Nanicão 2001 e Prata Zulu).

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Caminhos de águas marcadas por remadas, em tempos pretéritos; hoje rabetas e barcos regionais conduzem vidas que passam a perceber a realidade amazônica, no sentido de ver o que existe na comunidade e se apoderar de toda representação natural, social e cultural. É neste contexto que se faz presente a cartografia nas escolas das comunidades ribeirinhas do Baixo Amazonas, porque permite mostrar o lugar cartograficamente; assim explorando o papel dos mapas junto às comunidades tradicionais e analisando as construções gráficas no ensino de Geografia, passou-se a compreender o imaginário e o pensar de quem está construindo a cartografia do lugar. Será apresentado o estudo de caso, destacando a escola no Baixo Amazonas. Escola que exercita o fazer cartográfico nos desenhos das crianças, retratando o seu cotidiano familiar e o que aprendem nas pescarias ou caminhadas pela margem do rio. A pesquisa confirma a relevância dos mapas e dos desenhos para resgatar e valorizar a identidade cultural dessas populações ribeirinhas, como os espaços vividos e percebidos pelas crianças, no Ensino de Geografia. Foram propostas atividades práticas, desenvolvidas em sala de aula, de forma a contemplar os valores, história e experiências dos ribeirinhos, exercitadas  nas comunidades  e escolas do Baixo Amazonas.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar dois métodos de laboratório para a determinação da condutividade hidráulica do solo saturada (Ko) conhecidos como Permeâmetro de carga constante (PCC) e Permeâmetro de carga decrescente (PCD), com o intuito de verificar sua aplicabilidade e variabilidade em solos amazônicos.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Terras caídas é um termo regional usado para designar erosão lateral nas margens do rio Amazonas. É um fenômeno natural responsável pelas principais mudanças na paisagem ribeirinha e por sérios transtornos aos moradores. O trabalho apresenta uma análise interpretativa desse fenômeno e de como ele afeta a vida dos moradores ribeirinhos. O trabalho foi realizado em um trecho de 9 km na margem esquerda do Paraná da Trindade, onde predominam pequenas propriedades. A pesquisa consiste em monitoramento do recuo da margem, registro fotográfico e entrevistas com moradores. As principais contribuições geográficas do trabalho consistem em demonstrar as consequências sociais vividas pelos moradores do local tais como: a diminuição e desvalorização das propriedades, perda de plantações e de canoas, necessidade constante de mudança das casas, dificuldade de embarque e desembarque em razão do barranco íngreme, risco de morte na margem do rio, principalmente durante lavagem de roupa, entre outras implicações.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar, preliminarmente, a compatibilidade genética entre clones de cupuaçuzeiro, selecionados pelas Unidades da Embrapa, no Pará, Amazonas e Rondônia. Os materiais encontravam-se plantados na Base Física da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, no município de Tomé Açu. A pesquisa foi realizada no período de agosto a novembro de 2015. A técnica de polinização manual controlada foi desenvolvida no início de abertura dos botões florais, das 12 às 16 horas, e envolveu sete clones do programa de melhoramento genético da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, utilizados como mãe; cinco clones do programa da Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental e três da Embrapa Rondônia, que foram empregados como pai. Os resultados demonstraram boa compatibilidade geral entre os clones pesquisados. Dois clones não puderam ser avaliados devido não apresentarem sincronismo de floração com os demais clones

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Os estudos sobre rede urbana no Brasil possuem uma vasta literatura. Diferentes estudos sobre essa temática vêm sendo desenvolvidos, relacionados ao transporte, aos serviços, a comunicação, a alimentação e etc. Porém, reduzidos têm sido essas análises sob a ótica dos serviços do sistema financeiro, que se constituem em importante indicador espacial para a temática, devido ao seu alcance espacial amplo. Neste artigo, entende-se por rede urbana: um conjunto de centros urbanos funcionalmente articulados entre si, tal como sustentado por Corrêa (2006). A rede urbana se apresenta como a formar em que as atividades capitalistas (comércio, distribuição e circulação) se territorializam no espaço e fixam as suas bases de escoamento e produção. Metodologia: Parte-se do entendimento da construção dialética do espaço que vai produzindo-se a partir das contradições inerentes da sociedade. Entende-se o espaço urbano como um reflexo da sociedade, sendo que, suas desigualdades sociais são refletidas na configuração espacial. Fez-se levantamento bibliográfico e de dados secundários, tabulação e espacialização com Sistema de Informação Geográfica. A concentração dos bancos e correspondentes bancários no Estado do Amazonas se estabelece em pontos-chave do território. E não, necessariamente, nas cidades mais próximas da capital Manaus.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Estudos sobre os atributos dos solos amazônicos geram informações para compor um levantamento atual sobre suas condições frente às várias formas de alterações que estão sujeitos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever e avaliar a evolução química, físicohídrica, bem como a mineralogia de Latossolos no Baixo Amazonas como forma de entender as variações desses atributos em diferentes coberturas vegetais.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Lesmas do gênero Omalonyx d'Orbigny, 1837 são hermafroditas, herbívoras, de distribuição neotropical e vivem em plantas aquáticas, nas demais vegetações adjacentes e em solo úmido próximo a ambientes de água doce. No presente trabalho reporta-se a ocorrência atípica de O. pattersonae Tillier, 1981 e de Omalonyx sp. em área de terra firme, distante de ambiente aquático.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship of the Roman villa to its environment. The villa was an important feature of the countryside intended both for agricultural production and for leisure. Manuals of Roman agriculture give instructions on how to select a location for an estate. The ideal location was a moderate slope facing east or south in a healthy area and good neighborhood, near good water resources and fertile soils. A road or a navigable river or the sea was needed for transportation of produce. A market for selling the produce, a town or a village, should have been nearby. The research area is the surroundings of the city of Rome, a key area for the development of the villa. The materials used consist of archaeological settlement sites, literary and epigraphical evidence as well as environmental data. The sites include all settlement sites from the 7th century BC to 5th century AD to examine changes in the tradition of site selection. Geographical Information Systems were used to analyze the data. Six aspects of location were examined: geology, soils, water resources, terrain, visibility/viewability and relationship to roads and habitation centers. Geology was important for finding building materials and the large villas from the 2nd century BC onwards are close to sources of building stones. Fertile soils were sought even in the period of the densest settlement. The area is rich in water, both rainfall and groundwater, and finding a water supply was fairly easy. A certain kind of terrain was sought over very long periods: a small spur or ridge shoulder facing preferably south with an open area in front of the site. The most popular villa resorts are located on the slopes visible from almost the entire Roman region. A visible villa served the social and political aspirations of the owner, whereas being in the villa created a sense of privacy. The area has a very dense road network ensuring good connectivity from almost anywhere in the region. The best visibility/viewability, dense settlement and most burials by roads coincide, creating a good neighborhood. The locations featuring the most qualities cover nearly a quarter of the area and more than half of the settlement sites are located in them. The ideal location was based on centuries of practical experience and rationalized by the literary tradition.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Multi- and intralake datasets of fossil midge assemblages in surface sediments of small shallow lakes in Finland were studied to determine the most important environmental factors explaining trends in midge distribution and abundance. The aim was to develop palaeoenvironmental calibration models for the most important environmental variables for the purpose of reconstructing past environmental conditions. The developed models were applied to three high-resolution fossil midge stratigraphies from southern and eastern Finland to interpret environmental variability over the past 2000 years, with special focus on the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), the Little Ice Age (LIA) and recent anthropogenic changes. The midge-based results were compared with physical properties of the sediment, historical evidence and environmental reconstructions based on diatoms (Bacillariophyta), cladocerans (Crustacea: Cladocera) and tree rings. The results showed that the most important environmental factor controlling midge distribution and abundance along a latitudinal gradient in Finland was the mean July air temperature (TJul). However, when the dataset was environmentally screened to include only pristine lakes, water depth at the sampling site became more important. Furthermore, when the dataset was geographically scaled to southern Finland, hypolimnetic oxygen conditions became the dominant environmental factor. The results from an intralake dataset from eastern Finland showed that the most important environmental factors controlling midge distribution within a lake basin were river contribution, water depth and submerged vegetation patterns. In addition, the results of the intralake dataset showed that the fossil midge assemblages represent fauna that lived in close proximity to the sampling sites, thus enabling the exploration of within-lake gradients in midge assemblages. Importantly, this within-lake heterogeneity in midge assemblages may have effects on midge-based temperature estimations, because samples taken from the deepest point of a lake basin may infer considerably colder temperatures than expected, as shown by the present test results. Therefore, it is suggested here that the samples in fossil midge studies involving shallow boreal lakes should be taken from the sublittoral, where the assemblages are most representative of the whole lake fauna. Transfer functions between midge assemblages and the environmental forcing factors that were significantly related with the assemblages, including mean air TJul, water depth, hypolimnetic oxygen, stream flow and distance to littoral vegetation, were developed using weighted averaging (WA) and weighted averaging-partial least squares (WA-PLS) techniques, which outperformed all the other tested numerical approaches. Application of the models in downcore studies showed mostly consistent trends. Based on the present results, which agreed with previous studies and historical evidence, the Medieval Climate Anomaly between ca. 800 and 1300 AD in eastern Finland was characterized by warm temperature conditions and dry summers, but probably humid winters. The Little Ice Age (LIA) prevailed in southern Finland from ca. 1550 to 1850 AD, with the coldest conditions occurring at ca. 1700 AD, whereas in eastern Finland the cold conditions prevailed over a longer time period, from ca. 1300 until 1900 AD. The recent climatic warming was clearly represented in all of the temperature reconstructions. In the terms of long-term climatology, the present results provide support for the concept that the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index has a positive correlation with winter precipitation and annual temperature and a negative correlation with summer precipitation in eastern Finland. In general, the results indicate a relatively warm climate with dry summers but snowy winters during the MCA and a cool climate with rainy summers and dry winters during the LIA. The results of the present reconstructions and the forthcoming applications of the models can be used in assessments of long-term environmental dynamics to refine the understanding of past environmental reference conditions and natural variability required by environmental scientists, ecologists and policy makers to make decisions concerning the presently occurring global, regional and local changes. The developed midge-based models for temperature, hypolimnetic oxygen, water depth, littoral vegetation shift and stream flow, presented in this thesis, are open for scientific use on request.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The development and changes in the distribution of herbivorous mammal communities during the Neogene is complex. The Eurasian scale environmental patterns reflect the large scale geographical and climatic patterns. The reorganization of these affect the biome distribution throughout the continent. The distribution of mammal taxa was closely associated with the distribution of biomes. In Eurasia the Neogene development of environments was twofold. The early and middle Miocene that seemed to have been advantageous for mammals was followed by drying of environments during the late Neogene. The mid-latitude drying was the main trend, and it is the combined result of the retreat of Paratethys, the uplift of Tibetan Plateau and changes in the ocean currents and temperatures. The common mammals were "driving" the evolution of mammalian communities. During the late Miocene we see the drying affecting more and more regions, and we see changes in the composition of mammalian communities.

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The relationship between sexual reproduction of littoral chydorid cladocerans (Anomopoda, Chydoridae) and environmental factors in aquatic ecosystems has been rarely studied, although the sexual behavior of some planktonic cladocerans is well documented. Ecological monitoring was used to study the relationship between climate-related and non-climatic environmental factors and chydorid sexual reproduction patterns in nine environmentally different lakes that were closely situated to each other in southern Finland. Furthermore, paleolimnological ephippium analysis was used to clarify how current sexual reproduction is reflected in surface sediments of the same nine lakes. Additionally, short sediment cores from two of the lakes were studied with ephippium analysis to examine how recent climate-related and non-climatic environmental changes were reflected in chydorid sexual reproduction. Ephippium analysis uses the subfossil shells of asexual individuals to represent asexual reproduction and the shells of sexual females, i.e. ephippia, to represent sexual reproduction. The relative proportion of ephippia of all chydorid species, i.e. total chydorid ephippia (TCE) indicates the relative proportion of sexual reproduction during the open-water season. This thesis is part of the EPHIPPIUM-project which aims to develop ephippium analysis towards a quantitative climate reconstruction tool. To be able to develop a valid climate model, the influence of the environmental stressors other than climate on contemporary sexual reproduction and its reflection in sediment assemblages must be clarified so they can be eliminated from the model. During contemporary monitoring a few sexual individuals were observed during summer, apparently forced to sexual reproduction by non-climatic local environmental factors, such as crowding or invertebrate predation. Monitoring also revealed that the autumnal chydorid sexual reproduction period was consistent between the different lakes and climate-related factors appeared to act as the main inducers and regulators of autumnal sexual reproduction. However, during autumn, chydorid species and populations among the lakes exhibited a wide variation in the intensity, induction time, and length of autumnal sexual reproduction. These variations apparently act as mechanisms for local adaptations due to the genetic variability provided by sexual reproduction that enhance the ecological flexibility of chydorid species, allowing them to inhabit a wide range of environments. A large variation was also detected in the abundance of parthenogenetic and gamogenetic individuals during the open-water season among the lakes. On the basis of surface sediment samples, the general level of the TCE is ca. 3-4% in southern Finland, reflecting an average proportion of sexual reproduction in this specific climate. The variation in the TCE was much lower than could be expected on the basis of the monitoring results. This suggests that some of the variation detected by monitoring may derive from differences between sampling sites and years smoothed out in the sediment samples, providing an average of the entire lake area and several years. The TCE is always connected to various ecological interactions in lake ecosystems and therefore is always lake-specific. Hypothetically, deterioration of climate conditions can be detected in the TCE as an increase in ephippia of all chydorid species, since a shortening open-water season is reflected in the relative proportions of the two reproduction modes. Such an increase was clearly detected for the time period of the Little Ice Age in a sediment core. The paleolimnological results also indicated that TCE can suddenly increase due to ephippia of one or two species, which suggests that at least some chydorids can somehow increase the production of resting eggs under local environmental stress. Thus, some environmental factors may act as species-specific environmental stressors. The actual mechanism of the increased sexual reproduction seen in sediments has been unknown but the present study suggests that the mechanism is probably the increased intensity of gamogenesis, i.e. that a larger proportion of individuals in autumnal populations reproduce sexually, which results in a larger proportion of ephippia in sediments and a higher TCE. The results of this thesis demonstrate the utility of ephippium analysis as a paleoclimatological method which may also detect paleolimnological changes by identifying species-specific environmental stressors. For a quantitative TCE-based climate reconstruction model, the natural variation in the TCE of surface sediments in different climates must be clarified with more extensive studies. In addition, it is important to recognize the lakes where the TCE is not only a reflection of the length of the open-water season, but is also non-climatically forced. The results of ephippium analysis should always be interpreted in a lake-specific manner and in the context of other paleoecological proxies.