Migración internacional en América Latina y el Caribe: nuevas tendencias, nuevos enfoques

Incluye bibliografía

Caribbean short-sea transport: its role, challenges and opportunities: preliminary version

Includes bibliography

Los cruceros turísticos y el comercio de servicios: tendencias recientes en los países de la Cuenca del Caribe

La presente edición del Boletín revisa las principales tendencias del comercio de bienes y servicios en los países de la Asociación de Estados del Caribe (AEC) en el 2004. Se destaca la fuerte recuperación del comercio de bienes y la robusta expansión del comercio de servicios, subrayándose el aumento del peso de los servicios en las exportaciones totales de las economías menores del Caribe, hasta más de un 80%.Un análisis detallado del comportamiento del componente turismo, especialmente en los viajes, indicó que en el 2004 se produjo un auge en la llegada de cruceros, situación que plantea en algunas islas un verdadero desafío para garantizar la permanencia del flujo de turistas y para aprovechar las principales ventajas comparativas - sol, mar y playas-, y los encadenamientos posibles con el resto de la economía como el turismo hotelero, los restaurantes, los centros de negocios y diversión, las excursiones guiadas, el transporte, yates, entre otros. En algunas islas, la proporción de pasajeros de crucero por habitantes es particularmente elevada, llegando a representar un factor importante de cerca de 11 turistas por cada habitante para Bahamas, 8 para Aruba, 7 para Antigua y Barbuda y 5 para Dominica, y alrededor de 4 para una muestra de once países.Uno de los principales retos para varias islas caribeñas es capitalizar en dichos encadenamientos mediante el desarrollo de un turismo sustentable que minimice los posibles impactos adversos sobre el medioambiente y la normalidad ciudadana.

Convergencias y asimetrías de las medidas sanitarias y fitosanitarias en los acuerdos comerciales de la Región

En la región los aspectos sanitarios y fitosanitarios han adquirido mayor importancia comercial, como se refleja en el número significativo de reclamos presentados en los distintos mecanismos de solución de controversias existentes en los esquemas regionales de integración. Tal hecho puede ser atribuido a la importancia de los países latinoamericanos en el comercio agropecuario mundial y a las diferencias entre los requisitos fitosanitarios y zoosanitarios exigidos por cada uno de ellos.   Considerando que en América Latina y el Caribe se ha multiplicado el número de acuerdos bilaterales y plurilaterales de comercio, la convergencia de la normativa sanitaria en estos instrumentos es uno de los componentes esenciales para la integración comercial de una región agroexportadora por excelencia. Esta convergencia es esencial para permitir el acceso a mercados y para facilitar el flujo comercial.  Esta nota hace una evaluación de esta convergencia normativa a nivel de los acuerdos bilaterales y plurilaterales de comercio firmados por los países de la región, el tratamiento dado a los principios acordados en el Acuerdo sobre la Aplicación de Medidas Sanitarias y Fitosanitarias (Acuerdo MSF) de la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC) y cuánto se ha avanzado en la región, en comparación con lo previsto en este instrumento multilateral.  

Fuentes de financiamiento para el cambio climático

En el presente trabajo se brinda un análisis comprensivo del funcionamiento de los principales fondos existentes y los instrumentos para el financiamiento del cambio climático, con el acento en el flujo de recursos principalmente de origen público, y teniendo como objetivo poner a disposición del lector una descripción de todas las características relevantes de cada uno de esos fondos, entre ellas, su origen, gestión y destino. El trabajo es una presentación integrada de la información disponible al público de los principales fondos que operan con la intención de contribuir al cumplimento de los compromisos de los países del Anexo B del Protocolo de Kioto.

Precios de adjudicación y componentes del spread en la Bolsa de Valores de Lima

En este trabajo se analizan tres aspectos del mercado de acciones de la Bolsa de Valores de Lima (bvl): i) la relación de corto plazo entre la dinámica de precios, la dirección y el volumen del flujo de órdenes; ii) los componentes del spread y el punto de equilibrio del Libro de Órdenes Límite por acción, y iii) la dinámica de los precios, de la dirección de la orden y del volumen negociado por shocks de las mismas variables rezagadas. Los resultados econométricos para datos intradiarios del año 2012 muestran que la dinámica de corto plazo de las acciones más líquidas y menos líquidas del Índice General de la bvl se explica por la dirección del flujo de órdenes, cuyo impacto en el precio es temporal en ambos casos.

Indicadores de comercio exterior y política comercial: análisis y derivaciones de la balanza de pagos

Incluye Bibliografía

Do ABC ao Planalto: a cultura política do petismo

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

Histórias de "movimentos": embarcações e população portuguesas na Amazônia joanina

No esforço de matizar compreensão da repercussão da presença da família real portuguesa no Brasil para além do Rio de Janeiro, esse artigo tem como finalidade possibilitar uma reflexão acerca dos anos joaninos (1808-1821) na Amazônia. O foco de análise é o fluxo de embarcações portuguesas e a movimentação migratória entre Portugal e o Pará.

Trajetórias de adolescentes apreendidos como mulas do transporte de drogas na região da fronteira (Paraná) Brasil - Paraguai: exploração de força de trabalho e criminalização da pobreza

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

Delineando las funciones del sector de archivo de álbumes de una indústria fotográfica

The private for-profit institution necessarily works with a focus on continuous improvement of the results of its operations, thus ensuring the entry of assets. The archive is often consulted in order to obtain answers to questions of legal, administrative, political and diplomatic. This study aimed to delineate the organizational structure of a renowned brazilian company in the segment of photography in order to meet the tasks, activities and routines specific to the industry named “archive albums”, contextualizing it and providing elements for an effective organization of the ser-vices provided by industry. The study opted for a descriptive-exploratory method through observation of daily routines and interviews with the application of semi-structured questionnaire to industry officials and heads of departments. The results of data collection were synthesized by flow chart and a functional organizational structure that allows us to understand the activities developed by the sector.

Modelo de conductancia hidráulica de la dentina humana ex vivo

The main objective of this work was to mount and test an experimental model to measure the hydraulic conductance of ex vivo dentin. Seventeen healthy third molars, with indication of extraction of healthy donors aged between 15 and 30 years were obtained by informed consent. After cleaning them, disinfecting them, including them in resin epoxy and cutting them, there were 17 samples of dentin, corresponding to a disk of resin with a coronal section of tooth showing the dentin exposed on both sides of it. Three machines to measure the hydraulic conductance of the dentin were assembled according to the description of the model of Pashley. Samples were installed in a Chamber of diffusion, connected by using silicone tubes to a graduated transfer pipette and a 20cm water column. Through the displacement of a bubble of water in the inside of the pipette, the hydraulic conductance of each sample was measured 3 times on the 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th day post extraction. The data were tabulated and analyzed statistically. There is no SS difference in the rate of flow of a measured sample in the three machines (p=0.5937). There is no SS difference in measurements of the hydraulic conductance of 13 samples of human dentin measured in days 14, 21, 28 and 35 postextraction (p=0.0704). It is possible to mount an experimental model to study the hydraulic conductance of dentin ex vivo, based on the model of Pashley. The model seems to be reliable, but more research is needed in order to validate its reliability.

O IDEB como política de regulação do Estado e legitimação da qualidade: em busca de significados

Abstract This paper discusses the quality of basic education legitimized by the external evaluation and publicized by the Basic Education Development Index (IDEB) - an index that combines the performance of students in the assessment and the school flow, culminating with the establishment of an objective parameter (grade) that aims to reflect the Brazilian educational quality. The arguments are based on the premise that these two elements are incipient to determine the quality of education in the country without taking into account other factors that affect quality, namely: socio-economic and cultural level of the students, teacher training, enhancement of teaching, tangible and intangible working conditions, school management, school infrastructure, supplies, etc. The reflection leading to the debate on the lack of evidence to establish the quality of education travels the ways of the external evaluation in Brazil, the technical rationality of the school management referenced primarily by the IDEB and its governance to achieve the goals determined by this index. The purpose of this essay is to contribute to the current debate on the IDEB as a proposer and mobilizer of policies for the Brazilian public schools.

A flow cytometry method for testing the susceptibility of Cryptococcus spp. to amphotericin B

Human fungal infections have increased at an alarming rate in recent years, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Cryptococcosis is the second most prevalent systemic fungal infection worldwide, and the most prevalent systemic infection in immunocompromised individuals, representing more than 70% of cases. The incidence of cryptococcosis is high in people with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), with recent estimates indicating that there are one million cases of cryptococcal meningitis globally per year in AIDS patients. The aim of this research was to develop a rapid flow cytometric antifungal susceptibility test and to compare the results with the standard methods. A reference strain and clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii were tested for susceptibility to amphotericin B by flow cytometry using propidium iodide as indicator of viability. Flow cytometry (FC) results were compared with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values determined by microdilution. The antifungal activity of amphotericin B ranged from MICs of 0.06 to 2μg/ml for the 11 isolates studied. The same results were found by FC. The FC method allows same-day results, assisting in the selection of appropriate antifungal therapies. These results demonstrate an excellent correlation between FC and the classic methods of testing for susceptibility to antifungal agents. This rapid diagnosis method makes it possible to quickly administer effective therapeutic interventions, often saving lives.

Pesquisa aplicada em comunicação: uma tendência necessária

The history of communication as a science was marked by different moments. The first one was built by technological experimentation and later, by language transformation. But the consolidation of communication as applied social science has come from theoretical research, when Lasswell and Lazarsfeld respectively proposed the hypodermic and the two-step flow theories. However, applied research – which involves experimentation and its observation in a practical application process – is once again being targeted by the academy. This text develops an essay on the importance of applied research to the development of contemporary communication, presenting examples and methods related to such reality.