Measuring Dependency Ratios using National Transfer Accounts. CEPS Working Document No. 420/April 2016

It is now widely recognised that the socio-economic changes that ageing societies will bring about are poorly captured by the traditional demographic dependency ratios (DDRs), such as the old-age dependency ratio that relates the number of people aged 65+ to the working-age population. Future older generations will have increasingly better health and are likely to work longer. By combining population projections and National Transfer Accounts (NTA) data for seven European countries, we project the quantitative impact of ageing on public finances until 2040 and compare it to projected DDRs. We then simulate the public finance impact of changes in three key indicators related to the policy responses to population ageing: net immigration, healthy ageing and longer working lives. We do this by linking age-specific public health transfers and labour market participation rates to changes in mortality. Four main findings emerge: first, the simple old-age dependency ratio overestimates the future public finance challenges faced by the countries studied – significantly so for some countries, e.g. Austria, Finland and Hungary. Second, healthy ageing has a modest effect (on public finances) except in the case of Sweden, where it is substantial. Third, the long-run effect of immigration is well captured by the simple DDR measure if immigrants are similar to the native population. Finally, increasing the length of working lives is central to addressing the public finance challenge of ageing. Extending the length of working lives by three to four years over the next 25 years – equivalent to the increase in life expectancy – severely limits the impact of ageing on public transfers.

Information Guide: Belgium

A guide to information sources on the Kingdom of Belgium, with hyperlinks to information within European Sources Online and on external websites (For other language versions of this record click on the original url)

Information Guide: Denmark. March 2016

A guide to information sources on the Kingdom of Denmark, with hyperlinks to information within European Sources Online and on external websites.

Information Guide: The Netherlands. March 2015

A guide to information sources on the Kingdom of the Netherlands, with hyperlinks to information within European Sources Online and on external websites (For other language versions of this record click on the original url)

Information Guide: Norway. February 2017

A guide to information sources on the Kingdom of Norway, with hyperlinks to information within European Sources Online and on external websites.

Information Guide: Spain. February 2017

A guide to information sources on the Kingdom of Spain, with hyperlinks to information within European Sources Online and on external websites (For other language versions of this record click on the original url)

Conflictos entre laicos y eclesiásticos, poder y relaciones sociales en el Reino de León : Revisión crítica de un modelo

El presente trabajo realiza una revisión crítica del modelo formulado por Patrick Geary para la interpretación de los procesos conflictuales en la sociedad medieval, tomando como caso de estudio el Reino de León. A partir del análisis de los conflictos que enfrentaron al monasterio benedictino de Sahagún con los laicos en los siglos XI y XII, se examinan dos nociones que atraviesan este modelo. Por un lado, la concepción del conflicto como mecanismo de regulación de las relaciones sociales. Por otro, su carácter ahistórico, desvinculado de los procesos de cambio social dentro de los que se inscribe.

Nutrition survey.

Cover title.

L'historia avgvsta da Givlio Cesare a Constantino il Magno /

Includes indexes.

Coates's herd book.

Vols. - include the Shorthorn Society's Grading register for beef Shorthorn cattle; v. - include the society's Herd book of poll shorthorns.

Atti parlamentari.

Consists of separately numbered series of publications of the Parlamento as a whole, the Senato and the Camera dei deputati.

Moderna språk.

Includes special issues.

Correspondance inédite de l'empereur Alexandre et de Bernadotte pendant l'annee 1812

Lettres interceptées de l'empereur Napoléon: p. 56-66; Lettres interceptées du prince Eugène: p. 66-68.

Bernadotte und die Schlacht bei Dennewitz /

Vita.

Histoire des tremblemens de terre arrive's a Lima, capitale du Perou, et autres lieux;

"Relation d'un tremblement de terre, arrivé au Port Royal à la Jamaique au moins de juin 1692, tirée de deux lettres du ministre de cet endroit, écrites à bord du vaisseau La Grenade, alors en rade au Port Royal": 2. ptie., p. [407]-455.