Combinações de fontes de nitrogênio no desenvolvimento e rendimento do feijoeiro

O nitrogênio é um dos nutrientes de planta mais lixiviados no solo, sendo, também, perdido na forma gasosa, o que pode limitar o rendimento de muitas culturas. Neste sentido, este trabalho objetivou estudar o efeito de combinações de fontes de N (ureia e sulfato de amônio), na dose de 80 kg ha-1, em aplicação isolada ou em mistura, com ou sem incorporação ao solo de água de irrigação, sobre a produção e os componentes de rendimento da cultura do feijoeiro. O trabalho foi realizado no município de Selvíria (MS), em dois anos agrícolas (2003 e 2004), no período de inverno. Adotou-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com 12 tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial 6x2, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por seis combinações de fontes de nitrogênio: testemunha - sem N; 80 kg ha-1 de N - sulfato de amônio (SA); 20 kg ha-1 de N - ureia (U) + 60 kg ha-1 de N (SA); 40 kg ha-1 de N (U) + 40 kg ha-1 de N (SA); 60 kg ha-1 de N (U) + 20 kg ha-1 de N (SA); e 80 kg ha-1 de N (U), aplicadas com e sem água de irrigação. Verificou-se que o fornecimento de nitrogênio, independentemente da fonte utilizada, propiciou aumento na produtividade de grãos. Não houve diferença entre a incorporação ou não do fertilizante nitrogenado ao solo com água de irrigação.

AO-OIL: um middleware orientado a aspectos baseado em uma arquitetura de referência

Middleware platforms have been widely used as an underlying infrastructure to the development of distributed applications. They provide distribution and heterogeneity transparency and a set of services that ease the construction of distributed applications. Nowadays, the middlewares accommodate an increasing variety of requirements to satisfy distinct application domains. This broad range of application requirements increases the complexity of the middleware, due to the introduction of many cross-cutting concerns in the architecture, which are not properly modularized by traditional programming techniques, resulting in a tangling and spread of theses concerns in the middleware code. The presence of these cross-cutting concerns limits the middleware scalability and aspect-oriented paradigm has been used successfully to improve the modularity, extensibility and customization capabilities of middleware. This work presents AO-OiL, an aspect-oriented (AO) middleware architecture, based on the AO middleware reference architecture. This middleware follows the philosophy that the middleware functionalities must be driven by the application requirements. AO-OiL consists in an AO refactoring of the OiL (Orb in Lua) middleware in order to separate basic and crosscutting concerns. The proposed architecture was implemented in Lua and RE-AspectLua. To evaluate the refactoring impact in the middleware architecture, this paper presents a comparative analysis of performance between AO-OiL and OiL

Um modelo conceitual baseado em MDD e padrões para evolução de sistemas OA

Aspect-Oriented Software Development (AOSD) is a technique that complements the Object- Oriented Software Development (OOSD) modularizing several concepts that OOSD approaches do not modularize appropriately. However, the current state-of-the art on AOSD suffers with software evolution, mainly because aspect definition can stop to work correctly when base elements evolve. A promising approach to deal with that problem is the definition of model-based pointcuts, where pointcuts are defined based on a conceptual model. That strategy makes pointcut less prone to software evolution than model-base elements. Based on that strategy, this work defines a conceptual model at high abstraction level where we can specify software patterns and architectures that through Model Driven Development techniques they can be instantiated and composed in architecture description language that allows aspect modeling at architecture level. Our MDD approach allows propagate concepts in architecture level to another abstraction levels (design level, for example) through MDA transformation rules. Also, this work shows a plug-in implemented to Eclipse platform called AOADLwithCM. That plug-in was created to support our development process. The AOADLwithCM plug-in was used to describe a case study based on MobileMedia System. MobileMedia case study shows step-by-step how the Conceptual Model approach could minimize Pointcut Fragile Problems, due to software evolution. MobileMedia case study was used as input to analyses evolutions on software according to software metrics proposed by KHATCHADOURIAN, GREENWOOD and RASHID. Also, we analyze how evolution in base model could affect maintenance on aspectual model with and without Conceptual Model approaches

Um serviço de certificação digital para plataformas de middleware

Nowadays due to the security vulnerability of distributed systems, it is needed mechanisms to guarantee the security requirements of distributed objects communications. Middleware Platforms component integration platforms provide security functions that typically offer services for auditing, for guarantee messages protection, authentication, and access control. In order to support these functions, middleware platforms use digital certificates that are provided and managed by external entities. However, most middleware platforms do not define requirements to get, to maintain, to validate and to delegate digital certificates. In addition, most digital certification systems use X.509 certificates that are complex and have a lot of attributes. In order to address these problems, this work proposes a digital certification generic service for middleware platforms. This service provides flexibility via the joint use of public key certificates, to implement the authentication function, and attributes certificates to the authorization function. It also supports delegation. Certificate based access control is transparent for objects. The proposed service defines the digital certificate format, the store and retrieval system, certificate validation and support for delegation. In order to validate the proposed architecture, this work presents the implementation of the digital certification service for the CORBA middleware platform and a case study that illustrates the service functionalities

STREAM-AP: um processo para sistematizar a escolha de padrões arquiteturais baseado em requisitos não-funcionais

The importance of non-functional requirements for computer systems is increasing. Satisfying these requirements requires special attention to the software architecture, since an unsuitable architecture introduces greater complexity in addition to the intrinsic complexity of the system. Some studies have shown that, despite requirements engineering and software architecture activities act on different aspects of development, they must be performed iteratively and intertwined to produce satisfactory software systems. The STREAM process presents a systematic approach to reduce the gap between requirements and architecture development, emphasizing the functional requirements, but using the non-functional requirements in an ad hoc way. However, non-functional requirements typically influence the system as a whole. Thus, the STREAM uses Architectural Patterns to refine the software architecture. These patterns are chosen by using non-functional requirements in an ad hoc way. This master thesis presents a process to improve STREAM in making the choice of architectural patterns systematic by using non-functional requirements, in order to guide the refinement of a software architecture

Ambientes residenciais controlados por dispositivos móveis: estudo, concepção e desenvolvimento de um aplicativo considerando a diversidade

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Interfaces cultural, política e organizacional do projeto caminhos do frio rota cultural no contexto da regionalização do turismo no brejo paraibano

This study is the analysis of cultural, political and organizational interfaces of "Caminhos do Frio Rota Cultural" Project in the context of tourism regionalization in Brejo Paraibano and it presents the characterization, routing and inventory of six municipalities of the Project, as well as the identification of cultural elements used for tourist in the routing of the pond, the investigation of political and organizational articulation and the verification of participation of each producing agent in the development of tourism resulting from the swamp of Paraiba. This is a qualitative descriptive and exploratory study, which makes use of the interpretive paradigm to perform an analysis of the environment where occurs the regionalization of tourism in Brejo of Paraíba and the social actors involved in this process in order to pursue development of the region through culture and tourism, with the collection spot in the six counties of the Project participants collected through interviews with managers, community, government agencies and tourist trade, and the use of the technique of direct observation. This time, with the data analysis it was possible to establish the production situation and its cultural and tourist development in the region of Brejo (PB), where culture has become a developmental tool within the tourism industry due to its innovation potential. It was possible to ratify the undisputed vocation of cultural tourism in the region in question, since other projects being developed with the use of cultural resources with a strong influence on the policies of regional tourism. Thus, the main result was that was seen is that the regional development has triggered a refunctionalisation / reappropriation of space just rebuilding a new territorial organization through the development of a regional autonomy of management, a capacity of collective ownership and the use of economic surplus, a spontaneous process of social inclusion as well as awareness and mobilization tourist (even if initial and shy), an appreciation of natural and cultural assets for all stakeholders and especially identification of the population with its region and its culture, as to achieve regional development is not enough to increase the economic, but above all the promotion of endogenous social factors such as changes in social and cultural values and the integration of social actors in this process. Finally, taking into account the definitions of sustainability, it is considered that cannot be said that the development model seen in the swamp of Paraiba is sustainable, but it is a model of regional development based on the unique characteristics that each municipality has and create a regional identity and have correponded expectations / desired results and therefore the viability of the region through the development of cultural tourism was proven

Fatores que afetam o apoio de residentes ao desenvolvimento do turismo em sítios arqueológicos: um estudo no Seridó Potiguar

The tourist activity , which appropriates spaces and natural , cultural , social and economic scenarios in a given locality , requires a model of integrated development necessarily reconciling the support of residents. In this perspective , this study aims to analyze the factors influencing the support of residents in tourism development in archaeological sites , specifically in the two counties of Parelhas and Carnaúba dos Dantas , in Rio Grande do Norte, in the region of Seridó Potiguar as well as the interrelationship existing between these factors . To achieve the proposed objective of the research , a descriptive -exploratory and quantitative study based on the study of Nunkoo and Hamkisson (2012 ) , using the technique of Structural Equation Modeling - SEM to explain the relationships of the constructs used in this research. Data collection was performed during the periodof May 2013 to July 2013. Among other studies, results indicate that , for the profile of the interviewees used , the higher the confidence of the community residing in the government agencies responsible for, the largest tourism will support the resident to the tourism development and that this supply relationship institutions and government agencies an opportunity to enhance their development strategies and social thinking of the resident agent of tourism . It was also found that the analysis model proposed has a better structural relationship when used interviewees who have knowledge about the activities in the archaeological sites , then suggesting the need for further research on the effect of the level of knowledge of the interviewee on the object and support of residents to tourism development

Desenvolvimento territorial no Rio Grande do Norte: uma identificação de clusters rurais

The general objective of this study is the identification of rural spaces in Rio Grande do Norte through a territorial approach. It looks if there is spatial correlations between municipalities that influence and are influenced by the rural environment, allowing the identification of clusters. To accomplish this objective it`s used, in the methodology, the factor analysis of principal components to achieve the indicators of rurality and territorial development, that deal with four dimensions of analysis: environmental, political-institutional, economical and spatial. Moreover, to identify the spatial correlations structure between municipalities it used the Moran index to both rurality and territorial development, leading to clustering identification. The results show that the rurality is present in most of Rio Grande do Norte municipalities, except in cases like Mossoró, Pau dos Ferros, Caicó and Natal, where can be regional dynamic poles. It is also verified that the more rural municipalities tend to be less developed, according to the territorial development index, and have less correlations with neighboring municipalities

Modelagem e desenvolvimento de um banco de dados geográficos : aplicação à elaboração de mapas de sensibilidade ambiental ao derramamento de óleo na área costeira entre galinhos e São Bento do Norte-RN

The area between Galinhos and São Bento do Norte beaches, located in the northern coast of the Rio Grande do Norte State is submitted to intense and constant processes of littoral and aeolian transport, causing erosion, alterations in the sediments balance and modifications in the shoreline. Beyond these natural factors, the human interference is huge in the surroundings due to the Guamaré Petroliferous Pole nearby, the greater terrestrial oil producing in Brazil. Before all these characteristics had been organized MAMBMARE and MARPETRO projects with the main objective to execute the geo-environmental monitoring of coastal areas on the northern portion of RN. There is a bulky amount of database from the study area such as geologic and geophysical multitemporal data, hydrodynamic measurements, remote sensing multitemporal images, thematic maps, among others; it is of extreme importance to elaborate a Geographic Database (GD), one of the main components of a Geographic Information System (GIS), to store this amount of information, allowing the access to researchers and users. The first part of this work consisted to elaborate a GD to store the data of the area between Galinhos and São Bento do Norte cities. The main goal was to use the potentiality of the GIS as a tool to support decisions in the environmental monitoring of this region, a valuable target for oil exploration, salt companies and shrimp farms. The collected data was stored as a virtual library to assist men decisions from the results presented as digital thematic maps, tables and reports, useful as source of data in the preventive planning and as guidelines to the future research themes both on regional and local context. The second stage of this work consisted on elaborate the Oil-Spill Environmental Sensitivity Maps. These maps based on the Environmental Sensitivity Index Maps to Oil Spill developed by the Ministry of Environment are cartographic products that supply full information to the decision making, contingency planning and assessment in case of an oil spilling incident in any area. They represent the sensitivity of the areas related to oil spilling, through basic data such as geology, geomorphology, oceanographic, social-economic and biology. Some parameters, as hydrodynamic data, sampling data, coastal type, declivity of the beach face, types of resources in risk (biologic, economic, human or cultural) and the land use of the area are some of the essential information used on the environmental sensitivity maps elaboration. Thus using the available data were possible to develop sensitivity maps of the study area on different dates (June/2000 and December/2000) and to perceive that there was a difference on the sensitivity index generated. The area on December presented more sensible to the oil than the June one because hydrodynamic data (wave and tide energy) allowed a faster natural cleaning on June. The use of the GIS on sensitivity maps showed to be a powerful tool, since it was possible to manipulate geographic data with correctness and to elaborate more accurate maps with a higher level of detail to the study area. This presented an medium index (3 to 4) to the long shore and a high index (10) to the mangrove areas highly vulnerable to oil spill

Carcaças e componentes não-carcaça de cordeiros terminados em pasto de azevém recebendo suplementação concentrada

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Corticolous green algae from tropical forest remnants in the northwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Planejamento racional de fármacos baseado em produtos naturais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Uma proposta de material didático baseado nas espécies de Vochysiaceae existentes em uma trilha no cerrado de Bauru - SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Desenvolvimento e produtividade de cultivares de arroz de terras altas em função do manejo do solo

A identificação de cultivares, para cada tipo de manejo do solo, pode favorecer o aumento da produtividade da cultura do arroz de terras altas. Neste contexto, objetivou-se, com este trabalho, estudar o desempenho de genótipos de arroz de terras altas, em dois sistemas de manejo do solo: preparo convencional (PC) e sistema plantio direto (SPD). O estudo foi desenvolvido no município de Ipameri, GO, em 2008/2009. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, no esquema fatorial 2x8, com dezesseis tratamentos e quatro repetições. O primeiro fator foi o sistema de manejo do solo (PC e SPD) e o segundo cultivares (BRS Curinga, BRS Primavera, BRS Monarca, BRS Pepita, BRS Sertaneja, Carajás, Caiapó e Bonança). As plantas apresentaram-se mais altas no PC do que no SPD. Quanto ao número de perfilhos por planta, verificou-se, também, variabilidade nas cultivares, quanto ao tipo de manejo de solo. Constatou-se que o preparo convencional propiciou maiores produtividades (média de 4.349 kg ha-1 que o sistema plantio direto (média de 3.521 kg ha-1, sendo o número de panículas por mI;e número de grãos por panícula os componentes de produção que mais contribuíram para esta diferença. Todas as cultivares apresentaram diferenças estatísticas entre os dois sistemas de manejo do solo, com exceção da cultivar Caiapó. Nos dois sistemas, Carajás foi a mais produtiva e diferiu, estatisticamente, das cultivares BRS Sertaneja e BRS Primavera.