O uso de geotecnologias para mapeamento de áreas verdes urbanas e análise da percepção ambiental no município de São Paulo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise da formação de Complexos Regionais de Segurança (CRS): um estudo comparativo entre a América do Sul e o leste asiático

Pós-graduação em Relações Internacionais (UNESP - UNICAMP - PUC-SP) - FFC

Videoaulas de escrita/redação científica na internet: um estudo bakhtiniano

Pós-graduação em Linguística e Língua Portuguesa - FCLAR

Avaliação da produção e concentração viral em pimentão infectado por tospovírus com o uso de piraclostrobina + metiram

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O estatuto moral dos animais não-humanos em uma perspectiva sistêmica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Segurança na América do Sul: uma abordagem histórico-conceitual

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Refuge Update – July/August 2004, Volume 1, Number 4

Table of Contents: Historic Voyage through Hawaiian Islands, page 8 Focus on Fire Management, page 10-17 A Circle of Trees, page 19 First Friends in Montana, page 22

A Systematic Mapping on the Role-Permission Relationship in Role Based Access Control Models

Access control is a key component of security in any computer system. In the last two decades, the research on Role Basead Access Control Models was intense. One of the most important components of a Role Based Model is the Role-Permission Relationship. In this paper, the technique of systematic mapping is used to identify, extract and analyze many approaches applied to establish the Role-Permission Relationship. The main goal of this mapping is pointing directions of significant research in the area of Role Based Access Control Models.

Product placement e libertà di espressione

Object of the search is the advertising phenomenon of the "product placement", with reference to that it has been investigated legality’s limits, as well as the relationship with the constitutionally protected liberty of expression. Particularly, it has been analyzed, in first place, the problem of the relationship between the freedom of expression and the liberty of economic initiative, with particular reference to the different circles of guardianship to these prepared: or, larger, the one provided for the first from the 21th article of Costitution, more circumscribed, instead, the one established in the 41th article of Costitution, with reference to the second. This analysis has been made with the purpose to investigate the coordination among such liberties in those forms of communications that, for the proper peculiarities that characterize them, can be qualified, according to the concrete circumstances in which they are spread, so much forms of liberty of expression, how much exercise of an activity of enterprise. Under this last profile, it has been taken attention on the advertising activity and, specially, on the non transparent publicities, or not immediately perceivable as such from their receivers, and, therefore, in contrast with the advertising trasparence’s principle: or, the so-called cases of hidden publicity, what the editorial publicity, both "in narrow sense" both "in general sense", as well as the phenomenon of the product placement (or positioning of product), by now diffused in the commercial routine. Therefore, it has been proceeded to a complete and exhaustive examination of innovations introduced by the recent legislative discipline in subject of “planned placement of marks and products” in the cinema works, appraising, in the specific one, the effects, juridical and no juridical, consequential from the introduction of a first form of regulation of the phenomenon of the product placement and, particularly, from the express provision about the legality of the use to such advertising, if it has realized according to specific requirements or condition. In relationship to such profile, it has been also investigate limits (sub kind of normative gaps) from which the recently introduced discipline in subject would seem characterized. Finally, a further circle of investigation has concerned the possible organization of the phenomenon under a negotiate aspect, as particular contract of advertising, in which the object consists in an promotional activity. Concerning this, the experience of foreign countries (above all the Anglo-Saxon one) has been very important, because of the absence, in our arrangement, of a general normative discipline about advertising contracts. Consequently, I’ve investigated principal characteristics of similar contracts, in first place the atypicalness, because of the lack, in Italy, of a legislative discipline of this contract. Such investigation has also been developed through a comparation between the positioning of product and the other advertising contracts, among which, particularly, the sponsorship, as well as the contracts for the advertising exploitation of the name and other people's image, and, specially, the contract of testimonial and the contract of endorsement.

Architettura delle centrali idroelettriche italiane 1910-1940. L'esperienza di Giovanni Muzio e Piero Portaluppi

Oggetto della ricerca è il tema dello spazio delle centrali idroelettriche costruite nella prima metà del Novecento dagli architetti Giovanni Muzio e Piero Portaluppi. L’individuazione del tema sorge dalla volontà di indagare quali siano stati gli sviluppi dal punto di vista architettonico all’interno di un genere così specifico durante un periodo di tempo in cui gli stili architettonici e le tendenze hanno subito stravolgimenti ed evoluzioni che ancora oggi trovano una difficile connotazione e definizione precisa. L’analisi dell’architettura delle centrali idroelettriche, effettuata ripercorrendo le principali vicende del settore idroelettrico dalla fine del secolo scorso al secondo dopoguerra, oltre a considerare il rapporto con il contesto territoriale e culturale del nostro Paese vuole prendere in considerazione anche il particolare rapporto che in più casi si è venuto a creare tra committenti e progettisti. Compito della tesi è rileggere un settore poco indagato finora e capire se vi sia stata effettivamente una evoluzione architettonica dal punto di vista tipologico o se la centrale sia stata sempre affrontata come semplice esercizio di “vestizione” di un involucro precostituito da precise esigenze tecniche. La ricerca infatti si pone come obiettivo lo studio delle centrali non solo dal punto di vista tipologico e spaziale dei suoi principali elementi, ma si pone come obiettivo anche lo studio della loro distribuzione nel sito in cui sono sorte, distribuzione che spesso ha portato alla formazione di una sorta di vera e propria “città elettrica”, in cui la composizione dei vari elementi segue una logica compositiva ben precisa. Dal punto di vista del contributo originale la ricerca vuole proporre una serie di riflessioni ed elaborati inerenti alcune centrali non ancora indagate. Nel caso specifico di Portaluppi l’apporto originale consiste nell’aver portato alla luce notizie inerenti centrali che sono sempre state poste in secondo piano rispetto le ben più note e studiate centrali della Val d’Ossola. Nel caso invece di Muzio il contributo consiste in una analisi approfondita e in una comparazione di documenti che di solito sono sempre stati pubblicati come semplice apparato iconografico, ma che messi a confronto danno una lettura di quelle che sono state le fasi e le elaborazioni progettuali apportate dall’autore. Il tema della ricerca è stato affrontato poi attraverso una lettura delle fonti dirette relative agli scritti degli autori, con una contemporanea lettura di testi, articoli e interventi tratti dalle riviste appartenenti al periodo in esame per comprendere al meglio il panorama culturale e architettonico che hanno fatto da scenario alle esperienze di entrambe le figure oggetto di studio. Infine la ricerca si è concentrata sull’analisi di alcune opere in particolare - due centrali idroelettriche per ciascun autore oggetto della tesi - scelte perché considerate rappresentative sia per impianto spaziale e tipologico, sia per le scelte compositive e stilistiche adottate. La lettura dei manufatti architettonici scelti è stata condotta con l’analisi di copie di elaborati grafici originali, foto d’epoca e altri documenti reperiti grazie ad una ricerca condotta in vari archivi. Le centrali scelte nell’ambito delle esperienze maturate da Muzio e Portaluppi sono state individuate per rappresentare il quadro relativo allo sviluppo e alla ricerca di un nuovo linguaggio formale da adottare nell’ambito dell’architettura di questi manufatti. Per entrambi i protagonisti oggetto della ricerca sono state individuate due centrali in grado di dare una visione il più possibile completa dell’evoluzione della tematica delle centrali idroelettriche all’interno della loro esperienza, prendendo in considerazione soprattutto gli aspetti legati all’evoluzione del loro linguaggio compositivo e stilistico. L’individuazione delle centrali da analizzare è stata dettata prendendo in considerazione alcuni fattori come il tipo di impianto, le relazioni e confronto con il contesto geografico e naturale e le soluzioni adottate.

In nome della comunità. Analisi dei testi della sicurezza e del terrorismo

The focus of this dissertation is the relationship between the necessity for protection and the construction of cultural identities. In particular, by cultural identities I mean the representation and construction of communities: national communities, religious communities or local communities. By protection I mean the need for individuals and groups to be reassured about dangers and risks. From an anthropological point of view, the relationship between the need for protection and the formation and construction of collective identities is driven by the defensive function of culture. This was recognized explicitly by Claude Lévi-Strauss and Jurij Lotman. To explore the “protective hypothesis,” it was especially useful to compare the immunitarian paradigm, proposed by Roberto Esposito, with a semiotic approach to the problem. According to Esposito, immunity traces borders, dividing Community from what should be kept outside: the enemies, dangers and chaos, and, in general, whatever is perceived to be a threat to collective and individual life. I recognized two dimensions in the concept of immunity. The first is the logic dimension: every element of a system makes sense because of the network of differential relations in which it is inscribed; the second dimension is the social praxis of division and definition of who. We are (or what is inside the border), and who They are (or what is, and must be kept, outside the border). I tested my hypothesis by analyzing two subject areas in particular: first, the security practices in London after 9/11 and 7/7; and, second, the Spiritual Guide of 9/11 suicide bombers. In both cases, one observes the construction of two entities: We and They. The difference between the two cases is their “model of the world”: in the London case, one finds the political paradigms of security as Sovereignty, Governamentality and Biopolitics. In the Spiritual Guide, one observes a religious model of the Community of God confronting the Community of Evil. From a semiotic point view, the problem is the origin of respective values, the origin of respective moral universes, and the construction of authority. In both cases, I found that emotional dynamics are crucial in the process of forming collective identities and in the process of motivating the involved subjects: specifically, the role of fear and terror is the primary factor, and represents the principal focus of my research.

(De)colonization through topophilia: Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings’s life and work in Florida

(De)colonization Through Topophilia: Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings’s Life and Work in Florida attempts to reveal the author’s intimate connection to and mental growth through her place, namely the Cross Creek environs, and its subsequent effect on her writing. In 1928, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings and her first husband Charles Rawlings came to Cross Creek, Florida. They bought the shabby farmhouse on Cross Creek Road, trying to be both, writers and farmers. However, while Charles Rawlings was unable to write in the backwoods of the Florida Interior, Rawlings found her literary voice and entered a symbiotic, reciprocal relationship with the natural world of the Cracker frontier. Her biographical preconditions – a childhood spent in the rural area of Rock Creek, outside of Washington D. C. - and a father who had instilled in her a sense of place or topophilia, enabled her to overcome severe marriage tensions and the hostile climate women writers faced during the Depression era. Nature as a helping ally and as an “undomesticated”(1) space/place is a recurrent motif throughout most of Rawlings’s Florida literature. At a time when writing the American landscape/documentary and the extraction of the self from texts was the prevalent literary genre, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings inscribed herself into her texts. However, she knew that the American public was not yet ready for a ‘feminist revolt’, but was receptive of the longtime ‘inaudible’ voices from America’s regions, especially with regard to urban poverty and a homeward yearning during the Depression years. Fusing with the dynamic eco-consciousness of her Cracker friends and neighbors, Rawlings wrote in the literary category of regionalism enabling her to pursue three of her major aims: an individuated self, a self that assimilated with the ‘master narratives’ of her time and the recognition of the Florida Cracker and Scrub region. The first part of this dissertation briefly introduces the largely unknown and underestimated writer Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, providing background information on her younger years, the relationship toward her family and other influential persons in her life. Furthermore, it takes a closer look at the literary category of regionalism and Rawlings’s use of ‘place’ in her writings. The second part is concerned with the ‘region’ itself, the state of Florida. It focuses on the natural peculiarities of the state’s Interior, the scrub and hammock land around her Cracker hamlet as well as the unique culture of the Florida Cracker. Part IV is concerned with the analysis of her four Florida books. The author is still widely related to the ever-popular novel The Yearling (1938). South Moon Under (1933) and Golden Apples (1935), her first two novels, have not been frequently republished and have subsequently fallen into oblivion. Cross Creek (1942), Rawlings’s last Florida book, however, has recently gained renewed popularity through its use in classes on nature writers and the non-fiction essay but it requires and is here re-evaluated as the author’s (relational) autobiography. The analysis through place is brought to completion in this work and seems to intentionally close the circle of Rawlings’s Florida writings. It exemplifies once more that detachment from place is impossible for Rawlings and that the intermingling of life and place in literature, is essential for the (re)creation of her identity. Cross Creek is therefore not only one of Rawlings’s greatest achievements; it is more importantly the key to understanding the author’s self and her fiction. Through the ‘natural’ interrelationship of place and self and by looking “mutually outward and inward,”(2) Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings finds her literary voice, a home and ‘a room of her own’ in which to write and come to consciousness. Her Florida literature is not only product but also medium and process in her assessment of her identity and self. _____________ (1) Alaimo, Stacy. Undomesticated Ground: Recasting Nature as Feminist Space (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2000) 23. (2) Libby, Brooke. “Nature Writing as Refuge: Autobiography in the Natural World” Reading Under the Sign of Nature. New Essays in Ecocriticism. Ed. John Tallmadge and Henry Harrington. (Salt Lake City: The U of Utah P, 2000) 200.

Luis Arana e i veterani di Euzkeldun Batzokija: la corrente ortodossa del nazionalismo basco

La tesi di Marco Perez intitolata “Luis Arana e i veterani di Euzkeldun Batzokija: la corrente ortodossa del nazionalismo basco”, può essere considerata come la biografia politica di uno dei personaggi più importanti del nazionalismo basco. Il lavoro di ricerca si centra fondamentalmente sull'ispiratore del nazionalismo euskaldun (e cofondatore del Partido Nacionalista Vasco) e della corrente che ne accompagnò e sostenne l'azione politica. Euzkeldun Batzokija fu il nome dato al primo circolo del PNV, fondato da Luis e Sabino Arana nel 1894. Successivamente, gli statuti del circolo e i suoi membri veterani furono presi come modello del nazionalismo primordiale (che si pretendeva definire sull'esempio dell'Ordine gesuita). Sul piano organizzativo la tesi si divide in sette capitoli che ricostruiscono il percorso politico di Luis Arana, dai primi documenti del 1879 fino alle ultime lettere inviate negli anni quaranta. Si tratta di un lungo periodo, che comprende momenti diversi della storia spagnola (dalle guerre carliste alla Guerra Civile spagnola) e del movimento aranista. In questo senso, sulla base di una generale e comparata riflessione sul nazionalismo, si analizza il movimento basco nei suoi rapporti con la modernità. Una realazione costruita attraverso concetti “diacronicamente” legati a un passato mitico e leggendario e comunque subalterna ai rapporti di forza tra le correnti del PNV. La corrente ortodossa fece sempre riferimento al nazionalismo “originario” (definito dai fratelli Arana nei primi anni del movimento) che fu un'espressione regionale del nazionalcattolicesimo spagnolo. Fu proprio Luis Arana a ricordare la finalità religiosa ed etnica del nazionalismo basco, respingendo qualsiasi aggiornamento teorico e organizzativo del PNV, intesi come una grave violazione dell'ortodossia aranista.

Schulische Umwelterziehung und Umweltbewußtsein

„Abstract“ Pantring, Heinz Schulische Umwelterziehung und Umweltbewußtsein. Eine empirische Untersuchung zur Umwelterziehung und zum Umweltbewußtsein an Wiesbadener Schulen. Das Ziel der als Fallstudie konzipierten Untersuchung bestand darin, die Wirksamkeit schulischer Umwelterziehung nicht nur auf der Wissens- und Einstellungsdimension des Umweltbewußtseins, sondern vor allen Dingen auf die Dimension des Umwelthandelns im Sinne von „ökologischem Tun“ in Abhängigkeit von manifesten Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen wie Alter, Geschlecht und Dauer des Schulbesuchs zu überprüfen. Diese Überprüfung geschah durch das Angebot an alle Schüler und Lehrer, sich an einer konkreten Umweltaktion - Anlage eines Feuchtbiotops - zu beteiligen. An den Fragebogenerhebungen waren 1821 Schüler der 4., 8. und 12. Klassen aus 19 Wiesbadener Grund- und weiterführenden Schulen beteiligt. Parallel wurden bei den 550 Lehrerinnen und Lehrern, die an den entsprechenden Schulen unterrichteten, unter anderem Ausmaß und Qualität schulischer Umwelterziehung und umweltbezogener Fortbildung sowie Aspekte der Ökologisierung von Schule und Ansichten zum Umweltunterricht erfaßt. Wesentliche Ergebnisse waren: 1) Die zur Zeit praktizierte umweltorientierte Lehrerfortbildung erreicht nur einen geschlossenen Teilnehmerkreis. 2) Eine qualitative Verbesserung des Umweltunterrichtes ist eher auf Privatinitiative, als auf ein umfassendes institutionalisiertes umweltbezogenes Fortbildungsange-bot zurückzuführen. 3) Grundschüler zeigen ein ausgeprägteres Umweltbewußtsein als Schüler weiterführender Schulen. 4) Ein Großteil der in den Grundschulen durch eine intensive Schüler - Lehrer - Interaktion erreichte Motivation für Umweltprobleme und Umweltthemen geht beim Übergang von den Grundschulen zu den weiterführenden Schulen - insbesondere Gymnasien - verloren. Im Alter von 13 - 16 Jahren fallen die Schüler in ein „Motivationsloch“ für Umwelt-erziehung. 5) Schüler zeigen eine deutliche Diskrepanz zwischen verbalem umweltorientierten Engagement und dem faktisch praktizierten „Ökologischen Tun“. 6) Es gibt keinen signifikanten Zusammenhang zwischen der umweltbezogenen Handlungsbereitschaft von Schülern und der Qualität des Umweltunterrichtes. 7) Das bei Schülern allgemein entwickelte Umweltbewußtsein hängt eher mit ihrer Sozialisation in einer umweltbewußteren Zeit als mit den unmittelbaren Anstrengungen der Schule zusammen.

Die Universalität der Hermeneutik

In dieser Dissertation Die Universalität der Hermeneutik wurde die folgenden zwei Fragen behandelt: Erstens: kann die Psychoanalyse - konkreter gesagt, die Übertragungssituation in dem szenischen Verstehen - eine Ausnahme von der Universalität der Hermeneutik darstellen? Zweitens: ist kritische Reflexion überhaupt moglich?, und konnen die Universalität der Hermeneutik und die kritische Reflexion miteinander in Übereinstimmung gebracht werden? Durch das szenische Verstehen erlautert Habermas den Vorgang, wie die Umgangssprache des Patienten von dem Analytiker analysiert wird. Zumal in der Übertragungssituation ist der Gegenstand des Symptoms des Patienten nichts anderes als der Analytiker selbst, und demzufolge kann der Analytiker selbst dann an dem Symptom seines Patienten teilnehmen. Durch diese Teilnahme kann er die Bedeutung des Symptoms seines Patienten genau erfassen. Aber wenn der Analytiker nicht das Unbewusste, das sein Patient ihm offenbart, umgangssprachlich akzeptiert hätte, oder anders gesagt, wenn das Unbewusste des Patienten sich dem Analytiker nicht als "ein Gesagtes" gezeigt hätte, hätte der Analytiker auf keinem Fall daraus etwas erfassen können. Infolgedessen kann die Psychoanalyse nicht das Gegenbeispiel fur die Universalität der Hermeneutik werden. Damit die kritische Reflexion möglich wäre, müssten vor allem unser Bewusstsein und die Sprache voneinander getrennt werden. Deswegen wurde in dieser Arbeit behauptet, dass sie - obwohl es in der Tat selbstverstandlich unmöglich ist - aber sehr wohl rein begrifflich gesehen voneinander getrennt und unterschieden werden können. In diesem Fall kann das Einflussverhältnis zwischen der Sprache und den außersprachlichen Faktoren in das Einflussverhältnis zwischen der "Arbeit und Herrschaft" und der Sprache und unserem Bewusstsein, unterteilt und differenziert werden: Arbeit und Herrschaft übt auf die Sprache Einfluss aus, und die Sprache übt auf unser Bewusstsein Einfluss aus. Und mit der Tatsache, dass die Praxis des Verstehens verändert wird, kann man beweisen, dass unser Bewusstsein auf die Arbeit und Herrschaft Einfluss ausüben kann. Und das bedeutet, dass unser Bewusstsein, obwohl es nur mittelbar ist, auf jeden Fall auch auf die Sprache Einfluss ausüben kann. Infolgedessen, wenn die Universalität der Hermeneutik gültig ist, kann man auch sagen, dass auf dieselbe Weise, die kritische Reflexion Habermas´ möglich ist. Und diese Einflussverhältnisse sind aber in dauernder Zirkulationsbewegung. Und diese Zirkulationsbewegung an sich ist das Wesen des Menschen, und daraus bildet sich seine Geschichte.