Ictiólogos de la Argentina: Rolando Quirós

This series will include all those people who, by means of their contributions, great and small, played a part in the consolidation of ichthyology in Argentina. The general plan of this work consists of individual factsheets containing a list of works by each author, along with reference bibliography and, whenever possible, personal pictures and additional material. The datasheets will be published primarily in chronological order, although this is subject to change by the availability of materials for successive editions. This work represents another approach for the recovery and revalorization of those who set the foundations of Argentine ichthyology while in diverse historical circumstances. I expect this to be the beginning of a major work that achieves the description of such a significant part of the history of natural sciences in Argentina.

Ictiólogos de la Argentina: Blás Héctor Roa.

This series will include all those people who, by means of their contributions, great and small, played a part in the consolidation of ichthyology in Argentina. The general plan of this work consists of individual factsheets containing a list of works by each author, along with reference bibliography and, whenever possible, personal pictures and additional material. The datasheets will be published primarily in chronological order, although this is subject to change by the availability of materials for successive editions. This work represents another approach for the recovery and revalorization of those who set the foundations of Argentine ichthyology while in diverse historical circumstances. I expect this to be the beginning of a major work that achieves the description of such a significant part of the history of natural sciences in Argentina.

Ictiólogos de la Argentina: Nemesio Amaro San Román

This series will include all those people who, by means of their contributions, great and small, played a part in the consolidation of ichthyology in Argentina. The general plan of this work consists of individual factsheets containing a list of works by each author, along with reference bibliography and, whenever possible, personal pictures and additional material. The datasheets will be published primarily in chronological order, although this is subject to change by the availability of materials for successive editions. This work represents another approach for the recovery and revalorization of those who set the foundations of Argentine ichthyology while in diverse historical circumstances. I expect this to be the beginning of a major work that achieves the description of such a significant part of the history of natural sciences in Argentina.

Guía para el estudio de macroinvertebrados. II.- Introducción a la metodología de muestreo y análisis de datos.

Sobre la base de los objetivos propuestos, el muestreo tiene que estar cuidadosamente planeado (diseño de protocolo de muestreo) para que se pueda realizar una comprobación estadística de los resultados. Las herramientas de análisis como son los cálculos numéricos y los análisis estadísticos están ligados al estudio en sí, ya que son los que nos permiten demostrar que los resultados de una investigación son el producto de procesos ecológicos y no del azar.

Etnografía y alimentación entre los Toba-Nachilamole#ek y wichí-Lhuku’tas del Chaco Central (Argentina), Cap. 1, 2 y 3.

Se reproducen tres capítulos relacionados con la ictiología del libro de Pastor Arenas, gracias a su gentileza.

Casa de ciência, casa de educação: Ações educativas do Museu Nacional (1818-1935)

O museu como instituição de produção, guarda e difusão de conhecimentos necessita criar e desenvolver estratégias que se encontram articuladas a demandas sociais de um determinado tempo histórico, assim como àquelas que lhes são próprias. O estudo das ações educativas desenvolvidas pelo Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro no período entre sua criação em 1818 e a década de 1930 com os objetivos de divulgar o conhecimento científico por ele produzido e apoiar o ensino das ciências naturais é objeto deste trabalho, na tentativa de compreendê-las enredadas no contexto mais amplo de institucionalização da educação, racionalização da pedagogia, formação do caráter público dos museus e construção da nação brasileira. Operando com as continuidades e descontinuidades dessas ações no período proposto, a pesquisa foi desenvolvida através da investigação de um conjunto documental, composto dos seguintes tipos: a) legislação brasileira, pertinente à educação e ao Museu Nacional; b) correspondência efetivada entre o Museu, ministérios, instituições e autoridades; c) relatórios de Diretores, Secretário, pesquisadores do Museu Nacional; dos ministérios; de naturalistas e professores; d) livros de registros do Museu Nacional; e) catálogos, programas e guias de exposições nacionais e internacionais; f) publicações de diretores do Museu Nacional e de professores; g) conferências sobre ciência e educação; h) periódicos; i) quadros murais e coleções didáticas. Desse conjunto tratamos em especial os materiais que serviram de suporte e veículo de comunicação, com a pretensão de evidenciar o museu como espaço educativo, valorizando suas ações dirigidas para a instrução pública. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, foi possível observar que ao longo do Império e nas quatro primeiras décadas da República no Brasil o Museu Nacional atuou como agência de consultoria de governo, ampliando suas ações educativas para atender às necessidades de diferentes segmentos da sociedade e às suas demandas internas. Nesse sentido, contribuiu para afirmar estudos em História Natural apoiados na teoria evolucionista; inserir o Brasil no cenário científico internacional; instruir e ampliar os conhecimentos sobre o país, valorizando suas riquezas naturais, estimulando no público, especialmente o escolar, o caráter prático do ensino e um sentimento de pertencimento e de identidade nacional.

A introdução das temáticas ambientais no currículo chileno entre os anos 1996-2002

Esta pesquisa analisa o processo de introdução das temáticas ambientais no currículo chileno no Segundo Segmento do Ensino Fundamental entre os anos 1996 e 2002. Foi considerado como início do processo de elaboração de um novo currículo (1996) a transformação da disciplina Ciências Naturalez em Estudio y Comprensión de la Natureza. O foco desta pesquisa está centrado nos Quinto, Sexto, Sétimo e oitavo ano de Ensino Fundamental, dirigido a alunos de 10 a 13 anos de idade. Defendo que incorporação do discurso da educação ambiental se insere no processo mais amplo de apropriação de discursos internacionais e dos novos objetivos do país retornando à democracia, com uma nova política de modernização. Para tal, foram investigados os decretos curriculares 40, 240, 232, os Objetivos Fundamentales (OF), Contenidos Mínimos Obligatorios (CMO) e Planes y Programas de estudio dos anos citados, revistas, páginas web e diversos documentos que permitiram entender a circulação de discursos referentes às temáticas ambientais e de modernização do país de volta à democracia. Como apoio às investigações feitas, foram entrevistadas, no atual país de residência o Chile, algumas pessoas relacionadas com esse processo de mudança, como Cristian Cox, Jacqueline Gysling, Jaime Cornejo, bem como foram investigadas organizações que tiveram influência nesse processo como a ?Casa de la Paz? e a Revista de História Natural. Foram utilizados os aportes teóricos de Ciclo de Políticas de Stephen Ball em relação ao processo de produção de políticas, com privilégio para a investigação dos Contextos de Influência e de Produção de Texto. Igualmente foram utilizados os aportes de Ivor Goodson referente à construção social das disciplinas escolares e à importância do contexto político, econômico e social e sua dinâmica gerada para a criação de determinadas políticas. Concluo que, ao mesmo tempo em que foram desenvolvidos objetivos integradores na nova disciplina, foi incorporada a demanda relacionada à renovação pedagógica, buscando centrar o processo de ensino na aprendizagem do aluno, privilegiando suas inquietudes e conhecimentos prévios, e tornando a disciplina mais ativa e exploratória. Nesse sentido é que defendo que a incorporação das temáticas ambientais, tanto evidencia o projeto de modernização do ensino, legitimado por discursos internacionais, como demonstra um tratamento local dessas questões: um desenvolvimento transversal e interdisciplinar, defendido por distintas comunidades disciplinares.

From Gods to men: A historical overview of the discovery of the chemical elements

To achieve the apparently simple Periodic Table of the Elements has implied tremendous efforts over thousands of years. In this paper we present a brief history of the discovery of the chemical elements from prehistory to the present day, revealing the controversies that arose on the way and claiming the important work performed by alchemists in the advancement of knowledge. This is especially important if we consider that alchemy had a period of existence of many thousands of years, while the "Chemistry", officially established as a science in the eighteenth century, has operated as such for only a few hundred years. Even so, if we consider the progress of discovery and isolation of chemical elements throughout history, it can be observed that the number of elements identified is achieved mainly in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, reflecting the development of instrumental techniques, that facilitated this task.

Geochemical characterization of the fire-fountain fed deposits of Las Herrerias volcano (Campo de Calatrava Volcanic Field, Ciudad Real)

The Las Herrerias volcano (Bolanos de Calatrava, Campo de Calatrava Volcanic Field) is characterized by the great amount and variety of fire-fountain fed deposits. All these deposits are compositionally similar, being constituted by magnesium-rich (MgO = 11.58-4.19%), aluminium-poor (Al2O3 = 9.64-10.99%) highly sodic (Na2O = 2.24-3.81%) melanephelinites, with high contents in rare earth-elements (10x-200x chondrite), particularly in light-rare earth elements with respect to the heavy ones [(La/Lu)(N) = 32-35]. Contrary to the equivalent melanephelinites of this volcanic field, the relatively low contents in Ni (233-286 ppm), Cr (393-520 ppm) and magnesium number (Mg* = 45-54) indicate that these rocks do not correspond with primary melts. On the other hand, the variable distribution of clinopyroxene in the magma during eruption would be responsible for the slight compositional differences observed in the studied samples. Finally, we argue that these fire fountains were developed in a continental intraplate setting.

Ictiólogos de la Argentina: José Pedro Mestre Aceredillo

This series will include all those people who, by means of their contributions, great and small, played a part in the consolidation of ichthyology in Argentina. The general plan of this work consists of individual factsheets containing a list of works by each author, along with reference bibliography and, whenever possible,personal pictures and additional material. The datasheets will be published primarily in chronological order, although this is subject to change by the availability of materials for successive editions. This work represents another approach for the recovery and revalorization of those who set the foundations of Argentine ichthyology while in diverse historical circumstances. I expect this to be the beginning of a major work that achieves the description of such a significant part of the history of natural sciences in Argentina.

Ictiólogos de la Argentina: Atila Esteban Gosztonyi

This series will include all those people who, by means of their contributions, great and small, played a part in the consolidation of ichthyology in Argentina. The general plan of this work consists of individual factsheets containing a list of works by each author, along with reference bibliography and, whenever possible, personal pictures and additional material. The datasheets will be published primarily in chronological order, although this is subject to change by the availability of materials for successive editions. This work represents another approach for the recovery and revalorization of those who set the foundations of Argentine ichthyology while in diverse historical circumstances. I expect this to be the beginning of a major work that achieves the description of such a significant part of the history of natural sciences in Argentina.

Ictiólogos de la Argentina: Néstor Rubén Iriart

This series will include all those people who, by means of their contributions, great and small, played a part in the consolidation of ichthyology in Argentina. The general plan of this work consists of individual factsheets containing a list of works by each author, along with reference bibliography and, whenever possible, personal pictures and additional material. The datasheets will be published primarily in chronological order, although this is subject to change by the availability of materials for successive editions. This work represents another approach for the recovery and revalorization of those who set the foundations of Argentine ichthyology while in diverse historical circumstances. I expect this to be the beginning of a major work that achieves the description of such a significant part of the history of natural sciences in Argentina.

Ictiólogos de la Argentina: Oscar Horacio Padin

This series will include all those people who, by means of their contributions, great and small, played a part in the consolidation of ichthyology in Argentina. The general plan of this work consists of individual factsheets containing a list of works by each author, along with reference bibliography and, whenever possible, personal pictures and additional material. The datasheets will be published primarily in chronological order, although this is subject to change by the availability of materials for successive editions. This work represents another approach for the recovery and revalorization of those who set the foundations of Argentine ichthyology while in diverse historical circumstances. I expect this to be the beginning of a major work that achieves the description of such a significant part of the history of natural sciences in Argentina.

Ictiólogos de la Argentina: Alfredo Salibián

This series will include all those people who, by means of their contributions, great and small, played a part in the consolidation of ichthyology in Argentina. The general plan of this work consists of individual factsheets containing a list of works by each author, along with reference bibliography and, whenever possible, personal pictures and additional material. The datasheets will be published primarily in chronological order, although this is subject to change by the availability of materials for successive editions. This work represents another approach for the recovery and revalorization of those who set the foundations of Argentine ichthyology while in diverse historical circumstances. I expect this to be the beginning of a major work that achieves the description of such a significant part of the history of natural sciences in Argentina.

Ictiólogos de la Argentina: Jorge Calvo

This series will include all those people who, by means of their contributions, great and small, played a part in the consolidation of ichthyology in Argentina. The general plan of this work consists of individual factsheets containing a list of works by each author, along with reference bibliography and, whenever possible, personal pictures and additional material. The datasheets will be published primarily in chronological order, although this is subject to change by the availability of materials for successive editions. This work represents another approach for the recovery and revalorization of those who set the foundations of Argentine ichthyology while in diverse historical circumstances. I expect this to be the beginning of a major work that achieves the description of such a significant part of the history of natural sciences in Argentina.