Remorin, a solanaceae protein resident in membrane rafts and plasmodesmata, impairs potato virus X movement.

Remorins (REMs) are proteins of unknown function specific to vascular plants. We have used imaging and biochemical approaches and in situ labeling to demonstrate that REM clusters at plasmodesmata and in approximately 70-nm membrane domains, similar to lipid rafts, in the cytosolic leaflet of the plasma membrane. From a manipulation of REM levels in transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants, we show that Potato virus X (PVX) movement is inversely related to REM accumulation. We show that REM can interact physically with the movement protein TRIPLE GENE BLOCK PROTEIN1 from PVX. Based on the localization of REM and its impact on virus macromolecular trafficking, we discuss the potential for lipid rafts to act as functional components in plasmodesmata and the plasma membrane.

Study of the Regulatory Issues Affecting Truck Freight Movement in the Midwest, RB29-013, 2014

This project investigated regulatory issues that may affect or limit freight movement in Iowa and other Midwest states: Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Current state regulations for the following are reviewed and summarized: - Vehicle dimensions - Vehicle weights - Speed limits - Weight compliance enforcement - Fees and taxes - Driver qualifications - Medical certification - Hours of service - Oversize-overweight permits

Mouvements anormaux et accident vasculaire cérébral [Movement disorders in stroke]

Dyskinesias are infrequent presentations in acute stroke (1%). They can be found more frequently as delayed presentations after a stroke, but the prevalence is not available from the literature. The full spectrum of hyper- and hypo-akinetic syndromes has been described, but three main pictures are rather specific of an acute stroke: limb shaking, hemichorea-hemiballism and unilateral asterixis. Besides limb shaking, that seems to reflect a transient diffuse ischemia of the frontosubcortical motor pathway, lesions are described at all levels of the frontosubcortical motor circuit including the sensorimotor frontoparietal cortex, the striatum, the pallidum, the thalamic nuclei, the subthalamic nucleus, the substantia nigra, the cerebellum, the brainstem and their interconnecting pathways, as ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes. The preferentially late development of dyskinesia could reflect the return to a more ancestral motor control level, the most functional possible with the remaining configuration of structures, elaborated by brain plasticity after stroke.

Bypass gastrique: prise en charge des complications et désagrements alimentaires [Gastric bypass: management of complications and food tolerance]

La chirurgie bariatrique est le seul traitement qui permette une perte pondérale significative sur le long terme mais le succès d'une telle intervention repose avant tout dans une sélection et une préparation attentive du patient. Une bonne connaissance des implications de l'opération permet de favoriser un changement de comportement alimentaire et par là aussi de diminuer les complications et les désagréments alimentaires. L'éducation du patient n'a de sens que si elle s'inscrit dans une prise en charge pluridisciplinaire, comprenant également un suivi diététique, planifié sur le long terme. La mastication, la vitesse d'ingestion des aliments, le fait de renoncer aux boissons gazeuses et de devoir boire régulièrement entre les repas, sont les éléments les plus difficiles à mettre en place pour le patient. Bariatric surgery is the only treatment inducing effective weight loss on the long term. The success of such an intervention is possible by carefully selecting and educating the candidates. Good understanding of the bariatric surgery implications allows the patients to modify their eating habits and thus decrease complications and food intolerance. Therefore patient education requires a multidisciplinary approach which implies the follow-up of a dietician on the long term. Mastication, speed of food ingestion, avoidance of carbonated beverages as well as the obligation to drink at frequent and regular intervals are the most difficult aspects to be taught to the patients

Lake dwellers occupation gap in Lake Geneva (France-Switzerland) possibly explained by an earthquake-mass movement-tsunami event during Early Bronze Age

High-resolution seismic and sediment core data from the 'Grand Lac' basin of Lake Geneva reveal traces of repeated slope instabilities with one main slide-evolved mass-flow (minimum volume 0.13 km3) that originated from the northern lateral slope of the lake near the city of Lausanne. Radiocarbon dating of organic remains sampled from the top of the main deposit gives an age interval of 1865-1608 BC. This date coincides with the age interval for a mass movement event described in the 'Petit Lac' basin of Lake Geneva (1872-1622 BC). Because multiple mass movements took place at the same time in different parts of the lake, we consider the most likely trigger mechanism to be a strong earthquake (Mw 6) that occurred in the period between 1872 and 1608 BC. Based on numerical simulations, we show the major deposit near Lausanne would have generated a tsunami with local wave heights of up to 6 m. The combined effects of the earthquake and the following tsunami provide a possible explanation for a gap in lake dwellers occupation along the shores of Lake Geneva revealed by dendrochronological dating of two palafitte archaeological sites.

L'entretien motivationnel, une nouvelle "panacée" dans la prise en charge de patients toxicodépendants ? Une revue de littérature [Motivational interviewing, the new "panacea" for treatment of substance use disorders ? A review of literature]

Cet article aborde l'entretien motivationnel (EM), considéré comme un style thérapeutique centré sur le client et directif, visant à développer la motivation au changement par l'exploration et la résolution de l'ambivalence (Miller, W.R., Rollnick, S., 2002. Motivational interviewing: preparing people for change. The Guilford Press, New York, p. 25). Après une brève présentation théorique de ce style thérapeutique, nous présentons un survol des principaux résultats empiriques relatifs à la question de son efficacité dans la prise en charge des troubles liés à l'utilisation de substances psychoactives. Malgré un corpus important de travaux qui mettent en évidence les effets de l'EM, la question des « ingrédients actifs » reste encore relativement peu explorée. Quelques hypothèses permettant de mieux comprendre le succès de l'EM sont évoquées.

25 years of movement monitoring on the south peak of Turtle mountain: Understanding the hazard

En 1981, le gouvernement de l'Alberta a amélioré la surveillance de la pointe sud « South Peak » de la montagne Turtle, sur la frontière sud du glissement Frank de 1903. Le programme de surveillance vise à comprendre les taux de déformation des fissures larges et profondes sur « South Peak », et à prédire une seconde avalanche rocheuse sur la montagne. Le programme de surveillance consiste à installer un complément de points statiques et de stations suivies à distance, qui sont mesurés périodiquement. Des données climatiques, microsismiques et de déformation sont recueillies automatiquement à intervalles journaliers, et sont archivées. À la fin des années 1980, le financement pour le développement du programme de surveillance a cessé et quelques installations se sont détériorées. Entre mai 2004 et septembre 2006, des lectures sur les points de surveillance encore fonctionnels ont été compilées et interprétées. De plus, les lectures prélevées auparavant ont été réinterprétées à partir des connaissances récentes sur les modèles de mouvement à court terme et les influences climatiques. Ces observations ont été comparées à des récentes observations aériennes d'un modèle digital d'élévation, provenant de « light detection and ranging (LiDAR) », et des photos de terrain, afin d'estimer plus précisément les taux, l'étendue et la distribution des mouvements pour les derniers 25 ans.

Nouveautés dans la prise en charge des fractures vertébrales ostéoporotiques: place de la vertébroplastie et de la kyphoplastie [Trends in the treatment of spinal osteoporic fractures: vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty].

Vertebral osteoporotic fracture (VOF) is a major problem of public health. Surgical treatments such as vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are interesting adjuvant treatments for the management of osteoporosis. A consensus proposed by the principal contributors of this management is important. Regarding the actual data, we propose a vertebroplasty or a kyphoplasty for all patients suffering of an acute VOF. If a previous kyphosis or an important local kyphosis exists, secondary to the acute VOF or others, we propose a kyphoplasty. If the VOF is older and the conservative treatment is inefficient, we propose a vertebroplasty. In all cases, a specific management and treatment of osteoporosis is proposed.

Movement evaluation of overerupted upper molars with absolute anchorage: An in-vitro study

Introduction: The overeruption of upper molars due to the premature loss of antagonist teeth can be treated with the help of miniscrews. The aim of this study was to evaluate the movement of a typodont molar according to the biomechanical approach used with miniscrews. Study design: The study was conducted with four plaster models filled with typodont wax. In each model we used one absolute anchorage on the palatal side and another on the buccal side in different positions, thus generating four different biomechanical systems. A force of 150 g was applied to each side of the resin tooth. Periapical radiographs were taken preintrusion and immediately after completion of the intrusion. Photographs were taken in both the sagittal and occlusal planes every 3 min. The radiographic films and photographs were measured and compared. Results: A vertical movement of the molar was observed in all the models, with system 4 showing the greatest movement. Rotation in the occlusal plane only occurred in system 2, while in system 1 there was a change in the axial axis of 37 degrees. Conclusions: The anchorage site and the combination of forces applied may determine the resulting tooth movement