One-Pot, High-Yield Synthesis of Convex Au Octahedra by H2O2 - Mediated Process In Solution Phase

A simple, non-seeding and high-yield synthesis of convex gold octahedra with size of ca. 50 nm in aqueous solution is described. The octahedral nanoparticles were systematically prepared by reduction of HAuCl4 using ascorbic acid (AA) in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the stabilizing surfactant while concentrations of Au3+ were fixed. The synthesizing process is especially different to other wet synthesis of metallic nanoparticles because it is mediated by H2O2. Mechanism of the H2O2 – mediated process will be described in details. The gold octahedra were shown to be single crystals with all 8 faces belonging to {111} family. Moreover, the single crystalline particles also showed attractive optical properties towards LSPR that should find uses as labels for microscopic imaging, materials for colorimetric biosensings, or nanosensor developments.

Switching between molecular switch types by module rearrangement:Ca -enabled, H-driven 'off-on-off', H-driven YES and PASS 0 as well as H, Ca-driven AND logic operations

Several logic gates and switches can be accessed from two different combinations of a single set of fluorophore, receptor and spacer components.

Electron excitation of Ca XVII

Electron-excitation collision strengths have been calculated for transitions between the ten lowest levels of Ca XVII (2sS, 2s2p P, 2s2p P, 2pP 2p D, 2pS ). At high impact energies, where all the channels are open, the calculation was carried out in the LS-coupling approximation by means of the R-matrix method. Transitions between the fine structure levels were then determined by application of a unitary transformation to the LS-coupled K-matrices. At low impact energies, where some of the channels may be closed, an extension of the R-matrix method was employed to take account of relativistic effects directly in the scattering equations. In general, results are in good agreement with recent distorted-wave calculations. Electron-excitation rates are given for a range of electron temperatures.

The vascular targeting agent combretastatin-A4 and a novel cis-Restricted {beta}-Lactam Analogue, CA-432, induce apoptosis in human chronic myeloid leukemia cells and ex vivo patient samples including those displaying multidrug resistance

Combretastatin-A4 (CA-4) is a natural derivative of the African willow tree Combretum caffrum. CA-4 is one of the most potent antimitotic components of natural origin, but it is, however, intrinsically unstable. A novel series of CA-4 analogs incorporating a 3,4-diaryl-2-azetidinone (β-lactam) ring were designed and synthesized with the objective to prevent cis -trans isomerization and improve the intrinsic stability without altering the biological activity of CA-4. Evaluation of selected β-lactam CA-4 analogs demonstrated potent antitubulin, antiproliferative, and antimitotic effects in human leukemia cells. A lead β-lactam analog, CA-432, displayed comparable antiproliferative activities with CA-4. CA-432 induced rapid apoptosis in HL-60 acute myeloid leukemia cells, which was accompanied by depolymerization of the microtubular network, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, caspase-3 activation, and Bcl-2 cleavage. A prolonged G(2)M cell cycle arrest accompanied by a sustained phosphorylation of mitotic spindle checkpoint protein, BubR1, and the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L) preceded apoptotic events in K562 chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. Molecular docking studies in conjunction with comprehensive cell line data rule out CA-4 and β-lactam derivatives as P-glycoprotein substrates. Furthermore, both CA-4 and CA-432 induced significantly more apoptosis compared with imatinib mesylate in ex vivo samples from patients with CML, including those positive for the T315I mutation displaying resistance to imatinib mesylate and dasatinib. In summary, synthetic intrinsically stable analogs of CA-4 that display significant clinical potential as antileukemic agents have been designed and synthesized.

Algumas notas sobre o contributo do ensino superior para a qualifica��ão da população no Alentejo

As instituições de ensino superior (IES), quando analisadas do ponto de vista da sua localização no território, produzem efeitos de natureza diversa: económico-financeira, de melhoria do ambiente urbano, de melhoria do capital humano, transferência de conhecimento entre as instituições de ensino superior e o tecido produtivo, entre outros. A frequência de ensino superior é entendida, na generalidade dos casos, pelos estudantes e pelas famílias, como um investimento. Um investimento numa vida melhor, decorrente, em boa medida, da capacidade de enfrentar com maior robustez o mercado de trabalho e obter melhores remunerações e, consequentemente, melhor qualidade de vida. Neste texto temos como objectivo discutir de que forma as IES localizadas no Alentejo têm vindo a promover a melhoria da qualifica��ão da população da região. Não obstante o conhecimento poder ser produzido e transmitido no seio das IES entre docentes, investigadores e estudantes, mais determinante para o desenvolvimento territorial é a forma como ele chega às organizações da região. A conjuntura atual é, provavelmente, a mais difícil que as IES portuguesas conheceram desde a expansão do ensino superior iniciada na década de 80 do século XX. Por isso nos parece tão relevante, para o país e para o Alentejo em particular, conhecer como está estruturada a procura de ensino superior bem como de que forma as IES se têm mostrado relevantes na melhoria da qualifica��ão da população.

La mise en registre automatique des surfaces acquises à partir d’objets déformables

La mise en registre 3D (opération parfois appelée alignement) est un processus de transformation d’ensembles de données 3D dans un même système de coordonnées afin d’en aligner les éléments communs. Deux ensembles de données alignés ensemble peuvent être les scans partiels des deux vues différentes d’un même objet. Ils peuvent aussi être deux modèles complets, générés à des moments différents, d’un même objet ou de deux objets distincts. En fonction des ensembles de données à traiter, les méthodes d’alignement sont classées en mise en registre rigide ou non-rigide. Dans le cas de la mise en registre rigide, les données sont généralement acquises à partir d’objets rigides. Le processus de mise en registre peut être accompli en trouvant une seule transformation rigide globale (rotation, translation) pour aligner l’ensemble de données source avec l’ensemble de données cible. Toutefois, dans le cas non-rigide, où les données sont acquises à partir d’objets déformables, le processus de mise en registre est plus difficile parce qu’il est important de trouver à la fois une transformation globale et des déformations locales. Dans cette thèse, trois méthodes sont proposées pour résoudre le problème de mise en registre non-rigide entre deux ensembles de données (représentées par des maillages triangulaires) acquises à partir d’objets déformables. La première méthode permet de mettre en registre deux surfaces se chevauchant partiellement. La méthode surmonte les limitations des méthodes antérieures pour trouver une grande déformation globale entre deux surfaces. Cependant, cette méthode est limitée aux petites déformations locales sur la surface afin de valider le descripteur utilisé. La seconde méthode est s’appuie sur le cadre de la première et est appliquée à des données pour lesquelles la déformation entre les deux surfaces est composée à la fois d’une grande déformation globale et de petites déformations locales. La troisième méthode, qui se base sur les deux autres méthodes, est proposée pour la mise en registre d’ensembles de données qui sont plus complexes. Bien que la qualité que elle fournit n’est pas aussi bonne que la seconde méthode, son temps de calcul est accéléré d’environ quatre fois parce que le nombre de paramètres optimisés est réduit de moitié. L’efficacité des trois méthodes repose sur des stratégies via lesquelles les correspondances sont déterminées correctement et le modèle de déformation est exploité judicieusement. Ces méthodes sont mises en oeuvre et comparées avec d’autres méthodes sur diverses données afin d’évaluer leur robustesse pour résoudre le problème de mise en registre non-rigide. Les méthodes proposées sont des solutions prometteuses qui peuvent être appliquées dans des applications telles que la mise en registre non-rigide de vues multiples, la reconstruction 3D dynamique, l’animation 3D ou la recherche de modèles 3D dans des banques de données.

Costumes e foros de Riba-Côa : normativa e sociedade

Tese de doutoramento, História (História Medieval), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2014

Development of novel antibacterial active, HaCaT biocompatible and biodegradable CA-g-P(3HB)-EC biocomposites with caffeic acid as a functional entity

We have developed novel composites by grafting caffeic acid (CA) onto the P(3HB)-EC based material and laccase from Trametes versicolor was used for grafting purposes. The resulting composites were designated as CA-g-P(3HB)-EC i.e., P(3HB)-EC (control), 5CA-g-P(3HB)-EC, 10CA-g-P(3HB)-EC, 15CA-g-P(3HB)-EC and 20CA-g-P(3HB)-EC. An FT-IR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) was used to examine the functional and elemental groups of the control and laccase-assisted graft composites. Evidently, 15CA-g-P(3HB)-EC composite exhibited resilient antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, respectively. Moreover, a significant level of biocompatibility and biodegradability of the CA-g-P(3HB)-EC composites was also achieved with the human keratinocytes-like HaCaT cells and soil burial evaluation, respectively. In conclusion, the newly developed novel composites with multi characteristics could well represent the new wave of biomaterials for medical applications, and more specifically have promising future in the infection free would dressings, burn and/or skin regeneration field due to their sophisticated characteristics.

A comprehensive simulation study of slotted CSMA/CA for IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensor networks

In this paper, we analyze the performance limits of the slotted CSMA/CA mechanism of IEEE 802.15.4 in the beacon-enabled mode for broadcast transmissions in WSNs. The motivation for evaluating the beacon-enabled mode is due to its flexibility for WSN applications as compared to the non-beacon enabled mode. Our analysis is based on an accurate simulation model of the slotted CSMA/CA mechanism on top of a realistic physical layer, with respect to the IEEE 802.15.4 standard specification. The performance of the slotted CSMA/CA is evaluated and analyzed for different network settings to understand the impact of the protocol attributes (superframe order, beacon order and backoff exponent) on the network performance, namely in terms of throughput (S), average delay (D) and probability of success (Ps). We introduce the concept of utility (U) as a combination of two or more metrics, to determine the best offered load range for an optimal behavior of the network. We show that the optimal network performance using slotted CSMA/CA occurs in the range of 35% to 60% with respect to an utility function proportional to the network throughput (S) divided by the average delay (D).

Entre a Ilha e a Terra. Processos de construção do continente fronteiro à Ilha de Moçambique (1763 - c. 1802)

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Historia Moderna e dos Descobrimentos

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in Portugal:

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a human pathogen confined to hospitals (HAMRSA) for over 30 years have been emerging worldwide in the last two decades as a leading cause of severe infections in healthy individuals in the community (CA-MRSA). Despite its clinical significance, in the beginning of our studies no information existed on the prevalence, and population structure of CA-MRSA in Portugal. Moreover, it remained to be clarified how CA-MRSA emerged in our country. In particular, it was not known if CA-MRSA emerged locally by acquisition of the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) by established methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) in the community, if they were imported from abroad or have escaped from the hospital.(...)

Improving TCP Performance on CSMA/CA Connections

In IP networks, most of packets, that have been dropped, are recovered after the expiration of retransmission timeouts. These can result in unnecessary retransmissions and needless reduction of congestion window. An inappropriate retransmission timeout has a huge impact on TCP performance. In this paper we have proved that CSMA/CA mechanism can cause TCP retransmissions due to CSMA/CA effects. For this we have observed three wireless connections that use CSMA/CA: with good link quality, poor link quality and in presence of cross traffic. The measurements have been performed using real devices. Through tracking of each transmitted packet it is possible to analyze the relation between one-way delay and packet loss probability and the cumulative distribution of distances between peaks of OWDs. The distribution of OWDs and the distances between peaks of OWDs are the most important parameters of tuning TCP retransmission timeout on CSMA/CA networks. A new perspective through investigating the dynamical relation between one-way delay and packet loss ratio depending on the link quality to enhance the TCP performance has been provided.