A importância da água para a percepção turística na bacia do rio formoso em Bonito-MS

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Simulações de onda de cheia na sub-bacia do Ribeirão Claro - SP

Watersheds are considered important study units when it comes to environmental planning, with regard to the optimal use of water resources. Water scarcity is predicted and feared by many societies, and proves to be an increasingly tangible problem nowadays. Still from the perspective of extreme events, this dissertation considers the study of flood waves in the sub-basin of the stream Claro, which belongs to the Corumbataí watershed. - SP, since thay can also have devastating effects for the population, A Decision Support System for Flood Routing Analysis in Complex Basins, ABC 6 software was applied in order to obtain hydrographs and peak flows in the sub-basin of the stream Claro, for return periods of 10 and 100 years, aiming to comprise events of different magnitudes. The model Soil Conservation Service (SCS) and the triangular SCS hydrograph were adopted for the simulations. Simultaneously, the Kokei Uehara method was applied for the obtainment of peak flow values under the same conditions, seeking to compare results. Data collection was performed using geoprocessing tools. For data entry in ABC 6, the fragmentation of sub-basin of the stream Claro was necessary, which generated 7 small watersheds, in order to fulfill a software demand, as the maximum drainage area it accepts is 50km² for each watershed analyzed. For RT = 10 and 100 years, respectively, the results of peak flow with use of ABC 6 were 46.10 and 95.45 m³/s, while for Kokei Uehara method, the results were 47.17 and 65.26 m³/s. The adoption of a single value of discretization time for all watersheds was indicated as limitation of ABC 6, which interfered in the final results. Kokei method Uehara considered the sub-basin of the stream Claro as a whole, which reduced the error accumulation probability

Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais nas propriedades rurais do alto curso da bacia do Ribeirão Vai e Vem, munícipio de Santo Anastácio (SP)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Contribuição metodológica para o diagnóstico da dinâmica erosiva linear e seu prognóstico evolutivo visando subsidiar projetos de recuperação

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação da erosão hídrica por meio da Equação Universal de Perda de Solo Modificada (MEUPS) na bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Jacutinga, Rio Claro (SP)

Water erosion is one of the main processes responsible for soil degradation, resulting in loss of parcels of land suitable for agriculture, to the loss of agricultural inputs and the resulting drift of pesticides and excess sediment to rivers, causing phenomena such as the siltation and eutrophication of water bodies. Such a scenario makes it necessary to perform work of a technical and scientific to provide subsidies to land-use planning, in order to protect natural resources biotic and abiotic. To develop this work is necessary to find a unit of analysis capable of integrating the different elements of the landscape, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere and lithosphere. Therefore we adopt for this work the watershed as main unit studies. From this question, this project will focus on the assessment of surface water erosion through MEUPS (Equation Modified Universal Soil Loss) predictive model. With the aid of maps, remote sensing products, and the use of geotechnology, this study aims to evaluate for the for Natural Erosion Potential the basin of the Jacutinga river, located in Rio Claro - SP

Análise-multitemporal da paisagem, potecialidades e fragilidades sob a ótica do uso e ocupação: destaque para as terras da Alta Bacia do Rio Taboco-MS

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Análise do conflito do uso e ocupação da terra em área de preservação permanente através do SIG

This study aimed to map the classes of use and occupation and their conflicts in Areas of Permanent Preservation (APPs) in the basin of Ribeirão São Pedro - Botucatu (SP) with the use of remote sensing techniques - image obtained by satellite 2011 - and the use of GIS. For this, we used the GIS techniques, and the integration of information held in the Geographic Information System (GIS) - IDRISI, coupled with the use of digital maps, published by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE, scale 1: 50,000 and satellite images LANDSAT - 5 (2011) sensor TM (Thematic Mapper) with spatial resolution of 30 x 30 meters, provided by the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) .The Geographic Information System (GIS) was used IDRISI Selva and software, CartaLinx. This work had as legal support environmental legislation, specifically, the Federal Law 12.651 / 12. Thus, the study of the watershed becomes an important tool to understand its dynamics in relation to the use and occupation of their area and to characterize their environmental problems and taking as legal counsel to the preservation and conservation of the land to support environmental legislation.

Aplicação de análise multicriterial para determinação de áreas prioritárias à recomposição florestal

Using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and taking into account its capability to analyze spatial data, a database of updated spatial data from the sub-basin of the Descalvado stream, Botucatu, SP, was developed to provide an evaluation and diagnosis of the area concerning land use and the degradation processes therein. Through GIS, priority areas for forest recovery were defined by Multicriteria Evaluation and using the Ordered Weighted Average method. The latter allows the decision maker to define the area to be recovered, facing limitation of resources, among one of the proposed scenarios, or do it in stages. The study showed that there are accelerated erosion processes in the headwaters of the springs of water bodies; there is also fragmentation of native vegetation, especially in hillside areas, and little presence of native vegetation in riparian areas. The application of the multicriteria analysis using the Ordered Weighted Average was important as it systematized and discriminated scenarios of priority for forest recovery.

Geomorfologia e quaternário do rio Vaza-Barris, Nordeste, Brasil

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

Áreas de preservação permanente (APP) na sub-bacia hidrográfica do córrego do Marimbondo, Jales (SP): um estudo das condições ambientais

This work aimed to carry out a study of the environmental conditions of the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) in the sub-basin of Marimbondo Stream in the city of Jales (SP), through remote sensing techniques and taking as the basis Brazilian environmental legislation, the Forest Code Federal Law Nº 12,651/2012. Permanent Preservation Areas are inserted intrinsically improved conditions in the quantity and quality of water in the areas of springs and along water bodies in rural properties. Therefore, we also carried out studies on the new Forest Code compared to the old Federal Law Order no. 4771/1965 and the observation of its application in the area of sub-basin as well as carrying out the simulation. The results of this research allowed toverify the need for direct implementation of the monitoring measures with the Forest Code, and this water management tool in Brazil, which will ensure sustainable management practices of land use and land cover, with direct benefits to water production, mainly for public supply. Also there was a greater need for involvement by the public actors, the Basin Committee of the São José dos Dourados and the municipal government of Jales, in order to truly act aimed at the protection and maintenance of the water body Stream Wasp

Evolução morfológica do Rio do Peixe: estudo de uma avulsão na planície aluvial, a partir de uma análise regional integrada - Oeste Paulista (SP)

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Áreas de preservação permanente (APP) na sub-bacia hidrográfica do córrego do Marimbondo, Jales (SP): um estudo das condições ambientais

This work aimed to carry out a study of the environmental conditions of the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) in the sub-basin of Marimbondo Stream in the city of Jales (SP), through remote sensing techniques and taking as the basis Brazilian environmental legislation, the Forest Code Federal Law Nº 12,651/2012. Permanent Preservation Areas are inserted intrinsically improved conditions in the quantity and quality of water in the areas of springs and along water bodies in rural properties. Therefore, we also carried out studies on the new Forest Code compared to the old Federal Law Order no. 4771/1965 and the observation of its application in the area of sub-basin as well as carrying out the simulation. The results of this research allowed toverify the need for direct implementation of the monitoring measures with the Forest Code, and this water management tool in Brazil, which will ensure sustainable management practices of land use and land cover, with direct benefits to water production, mainly for public supply. Also there was a greater need for involvement by the public actors, the Basin Committee of the São José dos Dourados and the municipal government of Jales, in order to truly act aimed at the protection and maintenance of the water body Stream Wasp

Evolução morfológica do Rio do Peixe: estudo de uma avulsão na planície aluvial, a partir de uma análise regional integrada - Oeste Paulista (SP)

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

GEOGRAPHICAL GENETIC STRUCTURING AND PHENOTYPIC VARIATION IN THE VELLOZIA HIRSUTA (VELLOZIACEAE) OCHLOSPECIES COMPLEX

Premise of the study: Vellozia hirsuta forms a complex presenting wide morphological and anatomical variation, resulting in five specific names and 14 morpho-anatomical patterns occurring in disjunct populations. We carried out a phylogeographical study to investigate the existence of correlation among the genetic and morphological patterns within this complex, and to determine whether it is composed of various species or should be treated as an ochlospecies, a species having widely polymorphic and weakly polytypic complex variation, with morphological characteristics varying independently. Methods: We carried out phylogeographical analyses using cpDNA rpl32F-trnL intergenic region. Key results: We found 20 haplotypes in 23 populations sampled. The populations are genetically structured (Phi(ST) = 0.818) into four phylogeographical groups demonstrating geographical structuring but with no correlation with morpho-anatomical patterns. Our analyses do not support recognizing any of the species now synonymized under Vellozia hirsuta. The northern populations were the most genetically differentiated and could be considered a distinct taxon, as they are also morphologically different. Conclusions: It is recommended that Vellozia hirsuta be considered a single enormously variable species. The patterns of variation within V. hirsuta probably are related to climatic changes that occurred during the Pleistocene Epoch in tropical Brazil when reductions in forest cover favored the expansion of V. hirsuta populations into extensive lowland areas. The expansion of forest cover at the end of the glaciations would have again restricted the occurrence of campos rupestres vegetation to high elevations, which constitute the current centers of diversity of this species.

Disproportionate single-species contribution to canopy-soil nutrient flux in an Amazonian rainforest

Rainfall, throughfall and stemflow were monitored on an event basis in an undisturbed open tropical rainforest with a large number of palm trees located in the southwestern Amazon basin of Brazil. Stemflow samples were collected from 24 trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) > 5 cm, as well as eight young and four full-grown babassu palms (Attalea speciosa Mart.) for 5 weeks during the peak of the wet season. We calculated rainfall, throughfall and stemflow concentrations and fluxes of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+,, Cl-, SO42-, NO3- and H+ and stemflow volume-weighted mean concentrations and fluxes for three size classes of broadleaf trees and three size classes of palms. The concentrations of most solutes were higher in stemflow than in rainfall and increased with increasing tree and palm size. Concentration enrichments from rainfall to stemflow and throughfall were particularly high (81-fold) for NO3-. Stemflow fluxes of NO3- and H+ exceeded throughfall fluxes but stemflow fluxes of other solutes were less than throughfall fluxes. Stemflow solute fluxes to the forest soil were dominated by fluxes on babassu palms, which represented only 4% of total stem number and 10% of total basal area. For NO3-, stemflow contributed 51% of the total mass of nitrogen delivered to the forest floor (stemflow + throughfall) and represented more than a 2000-fold increase in NO3- flux compared what would have been delivered by rainfall alone on the equivalent area. Because these highly localized fluxes of both water and NO3- persist in time and space, they have the potential to affect patterns of soil moisture, microbial populations and other features of soil biogeochemistry conducive to the creation of hotspots for nitrogen leaching and denitrification, which could amount to an important fraction of total ecosystem fluxes. Because these hotspots occur over very small areas, they have likely gone undetected in previous studies and need to be considered as an important feature of the biogeochemistry of palm-rich tropical forest. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.