Evaluating Governance and Participatory Processes in Natura 2000: Lessons Learned and Guidance for Future Prospects

23 p.

Implications of governance structures on urban climate action: evidence from Italy and Spain

47 p.

Bareback: reflexões sobre a normalização das condutas sexuais

Refletindo sobre homossexualidade, Aids e seus desdobramentos sociais e subjetivos nos últimos 30 anos, procuramos nesta dissertação discutir o fenômeno bareback sexo sem camisinha - nomeado nos Estados Unidos na segunda metade da década de 1990. Sua disseminação na mídia tem causado, com frequência, reações que reconectam a homossexualidade a loucura, doença e morte. Devido à restrita produção acadêmica no Brasil, objetivamos contribuir por meio deste trabalho com algumas considerações essenciais ao debate. Percorremos alguns deslocamentos historicamente importantes relativos à homossexualidade, a condução das condutas - práticas de governo, risco, Aids e ao próprio bareback. Neste sentido, o trabalho associa um estudo teórico sobre este objeto a entrevistas realizadas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa empírica exploratoria recolheu dados e discursos sobre este fenômeno em nossa realidade e contexto, tendo como terreno a Associação Brasileira Interdisciplinar de Aids (ABIA) e o Grupo Pela Vidda-RJ, duas organizações não-governamentais que trabalham com a Aids, e no Grupo Arco-íris, ONG integrante do Movimento LGBT. Duas pessoas de cada uma destas ONGs foram entrevistadas. Buscamos entender como essas instituições, locais privilegiados de nossa incursão, vêm abordando o fenômeno, quais suas posições e impressões. Paralelamente, contactamos alguns voluntários adeptos do sexo bareback, por considerarmos seus discursos indispensáveis e capazes de tornar este trabalho mais rico e diverso, no entendimento do bareback, a partir de suas experiências individuais. Para tal, utilizamos dois sites de bareback internacionais (barebackrt.com e bareback.com) que hospedam perfis de brasileiros, alguns residentes na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, onde três praticantes foram integrados à pesquisa. Nossa hipótese é que as tentativas em decifrar o bareback, dar-lhe um sentido, uma verdade, acabam percorrendo trilhas normativas que têm seus limites expostos à medida que percebemos que a diversidade das práticas erótico-sexuais, da singularidade e subjetividade dos sujeitos transcendem qualquer tentativa de normatização / normalização. Assim, acreditamos que o que chamamos de bareback, seja fenômeno, subcultura, prática ou comportamento, não pode ser definido enquanto conjunto coeso de discursos, fantasias e práticas erótico-sexuais, mas pelo contrário, apresenta-se por meio de múltiplas faces ainda mais variadas, restando apenas à alusão que lhe é característica: o sexo sem camisinha, que nem sempre significará sexo sem proteção. Desta forma, tendo como perspectiva a noção de condução das condutas e cuidado de si proposta por Michel Foucault, discutimos o significado das práticas sexuais dissidentes e as questões referentes a normalização, patologização e formas de resistência.

Keep an "eye" on the text: The Use of Self-mention in the Academic Writing of Experts

One of the most controversial inquiries in academic writing is whether it is admissible to use first person pronouns in a scientific paper or not. Many professors discourage their students from using them, rather favoring a more passive tone, and thus causing novices to avoid inserting themselves into their texts in an expert-like manner. Abundant research, however, has recently attested that negotiation of identity is plausible in academic prose, and there is no need for a paper to be void of an authorial identity. Because in the course of the English Studies Degree we have received opposing prompts in the use of I, the aim of this dissertation is to throw some light upon this vexed issue. To this end, I compiled a corpus of 16 Research Articles (RAs) that comprises two sub-corpora, one featuring Linguistics RAs and the other one Literature RAs, and each, in turn, consists of articles written by American and British authors. I then searched for real occurrences of I, me, my, mine, we, us, our and ours, and studied their frequency, rhetorical functions and distribution along each paper. The results obtained certainly show that academic writing is no longer the faceless prose that it used to be, for I is highly used in both disciplines and varieties of English. Concerning functions, the most typically used roles were the use of I to take credit for the writer’s research process, and also those involving plural forms. With respect to the spatial disposition, all sections welcomed first person pronouns, but the Method and the Results/Discussion sections seem to stimulate their appearance. On the basis of these findings, I suggest that an L2 writing pedagogy that is mindful not only of the language proficiency, but also of the students’ own identity may have a beneficial effect on the composition of their texts.

Academic spin-offs incubation strategies: the case of the Andalusian region

[EN] The objective of this paper is to analyze the incubation strategies developed in the universities of Andalusia, a relatively low-income region of Spain, to promote the creation of university spin-offs. These strategies are also compared to the incubation models noted in the literature. The performance of the university spin-offs created and its relation to the incubation strategies developed by the university are also analysed. The analysis is based on data from a survey of nine public universities that carry out strategies for the promotion of university spin-offs. The result of the analysis shows that university spin-off incubation strategies in Andalusia present specific characteristics not covered by certain models that are well-known in the literature on innovation. Then, a new stage in the process of the university spin-off incubation is proposed. We consider it to be a pre-strategic stage to the academic spin-off incubation strategies. The analysis also finds certain environmental factors associated to those spin-offs promoted by Andalusian universities that achieve the highest level of performance. This result suggests that previous to making any decision involving investment into developing incubation strategies, universities should gauge whether they have sufficient resources and the possibilities of connecting with a Technology Park.

Strengthening governance across scales in aquatic agricultural systems

Aquatic agricultural systems in developing countries face increasing competition from multiple stakeholders operating from local to national and regional scales over rights to access and use natural resources—land, water, wetlands, and fisheries-essential to rural livelihoods. A key implication is the need to strengthen governance to enable equitable decision-making amidst such competition, building capacities for resilience and transformations that reduce poverty. This paper provides a simple framework to analyze the governance context for aquatic agricultural system development focused on three dimensions: stakeholder representation, distribution of power, and mechanisms of accountability. Case studies from Cambodia, Bangladesh, Malawi/Mozambique, and Solomon Islands illustrate the application of these concepts to fisheries and aquaculture livelihoods in the broader context of intersectoral and cross-scale governance interacti

The Environmental, Social, Governance, and Financial Performance Effects on Companies that Adopt the United Nations Global Compact

This paper aims to investigate companies' environmental, social, governance (ESG), and financial implications of their commitment to the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC). The focus is placed on companies operating in the three countries with the highest number of UNGC participants: Spain, France, and Japan. The results clearly reveal that adoption of the UNGC often requires an organizational change that fosters stakeholder engagement, ultimately resulting in improvements in companies' ESG performance. Additionally, the results reveal that ESG performance has a significant impact on financial performance for companies that adopted the principles of the UNGC. These findings provide both non-financial and financial incentives to companies to commit to this voluntary corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiative, which will have important implications on companies' strategic management policies that aim to foster sustainable businesses and community development. Finally, the linkages between the UNGC-committed companies' ESG and financial performance may be influenced by geographical spread, mainly due to the appearance of differences in the institutional, societal, and cultural settings.

Ghana coastal fisheries governance dialogue: Presentations, discussions and outcomes from a stakeholder forum on issues for reforming governance of Ghana’s coastal fisheries

This meeting, the second national Fisheries Governance Dialogue, aimed to help stakeholders in the fisheries sector generate a shared understanding of critical lessons and pathways for fisheries co-management success in Ghana. This was a direct response to the call from both fisheries communities and the government of Ghana for a radical change from the way fisheries resources are currently being managed. The meeting was attended by 60 men and women from stakeholder organizations and communities, and commenced with presentations on co-management experiences from local, regional and international participants. This was followed by panel discussions to extract lessons that specifically related to successfully implementing co-management in Ghana’s fisheries. Finally, breakout groups addressed in greater detail some issues of importance to fisheries governance reform in Ghana. While fisheries co-management is not a new concept in Ghana, participants heard that previous attempts to initiate these systems proved unsustainable. A number of lessons were drawn from these past experiences.

Collaborative governance assessment

This Guidance Note presents a simple approach to analyzing the governance context for development of aquatic agricultural systems; it is intended as an aid to action research, and a contribution to effective program planning and evaluation. It provides a brief introduction to the value of assessing governance collaboratively, summarizes an analytical framework, and offers practical guidance on three stages of the process: identifying obstacles and opportunities, debating strategies for influence, and planning collaborative actions.

Solomon Islands: Essential aspects of governance for Aquatic Agricultural Systems in Malaita Hub

In late 2012, a governance assessment was carried out as part of the diagnosis phase of rollout of the CGIAR Aquatic Agricultural Systems Program in Malaita Hub in Solomon Islands. The purpose of the assessment was to identify and provide a basic understanding of essential aspects of governance related to Aquatic Agricultural Systems in general, and more specifically as a case study in natural resource management. The underlying principles of the approach we have taken are drawn from an approach known as “Collaborating for Resilience” (CORE), which is based on bringing all key stakeholders into a process to ensure that multiple perspectives are represented (a listening phase), that local actors have opportunities to influence each other’s understanding (a dialogue phase), and that ultimately commitments to action are built (a choice phase) that would not be possible through an outsider’s analysis alone. This report begins to address governance from an AAS perspective, using input from AAS households and other networked stakeholders. We attempt to summarize governance issues that are found not only within the community but also, and especially, those that are beyond the local level, both of which may need to be addressed by the AAS program.