Realización y difusión de un Massive Open Online Course de narrativa audiovisual avanzada: el alumnado como creador de recursos educativos abiertos

El objetivo fundamental es continuar con la creación de un Massive Open OnlineCourse (MOOC) de narrativa audiovisual diseñado por profesorado y alumnado elaborando materiales videográficos e hipermedia innovadores para su difusión abierta.

Humor político audiovisual en Colombia: de los gloriosos años noventa en televisión a internet como alternativa

El humor político alrededor del mundo ha sido un recurso para criticar el poder y la esfera política con la mordacidad que otros escenarios no permiten y con lenguajes que generan empatía con el público. En la capacidad de criticar a todos los poderes –y poderosos- por igual, sin condescendencias, recae la credibilidad de esa crítica, la cual se debe poder hacer sin censura en una sociedad pluralista y democrática. En Colombia, el humor político en televisión emergió y vivió su época dorada en la década de los noventa, hasta que su principal exponente, Jaime Garzón, fue asesinado. Este trabajo de grado buscó indagar por qué, a pesar de que nuevos productos de crítica política con humor surgieron en el país, hoy no hay ese tipo de oferta en la televisión abierta nacional. La respuesta a ese interrogante se pudo encontrar en múltiples factores, como un nuevo modelo económico en la industria de la televisión, un ambiente político polarizado y la ausencia o falta de promoción de talentos detrás de los libretos. Asimismo, en medio de esta coyuntura, se plantea que internet ha sido un vehículo para expresar, incluso de manera anónima, lo que miembros de la sociedad creen que anda mal con el poder y la política.

Coexistir: libro de producción audiovisual de formato documental

Coexistir cuenta cinco historias de lo que piensan del perdón víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia. En 2006, grupos paramilitares se desmovilizaron y se encontraron con sus víctimas para responder sus preguntas y pedirles perdón. En 2012, el Gobierno inició un proceso de paz con las FARC, durante el cual se ha puesto en discusión las intenciones de reconciliación de la guerrilla. A partir de casos en Magdalena Medio y Caquetá, Coexistir es un reflejo de los dilemas que enfrentan cientos de víctimas a nivel nacional para lidiar con su dolor, no olvidar y pedir que no se repita la historia.

El grito de Calibán. Del cinematógrafo al proyecto teleSur: la construcción de lo latinoamericano en la comunicación audiovisual regional

This essay analyzes on the importance of TeleSur TV Station (founded in 2005), in the historical context of the development of audio-visual means of communication in Latin America, as well as the debates about the influence of mass media in the process of cultural identity raising-up. It proposes the thesis that the project of Tele- Sur plays a key role in the shaping of a new international order on communication that allows the protection of the cultural diversity of Latin American nations and democratizes the world’s information flows in the neoliberal globalization stage.

Augmented Audiovisual Translation: the Perks and Perils of the Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Subtitling and Dubbing

This thesis examines the state of audiovisual translation (AVT) in the aftermath of the COVID-19 emergency, highlighting new trends with regards to the implementation of AI technologies as well as their strengths, constraints, and ethical implications. It starts with an overview of the current AVT landscape, focusing on future projections about its evolution and its critical aspects such as the worsening working conditions lamented by AVT professionals – especially freelancers – in recent years and how they might be affected by the advent of AI technologies in the industry. The second chapter delves into the history and development of three AI technologies which are used in combination with neural machine translation in automatic AVT tools: automatic speech recognition, speech synthesis and deepfakes (voice cloning and visual deepfakes for lip syncing), including real examples of start-up companies that utilize them – or are planning to do so – to localize audiovisual content automatically or semi-automatically. The third chapter explores the many ethical concerns around these innovative technologies, which extend far beyond the field of translation; at the same time, it attempts to revindicate their potential to bring about immense progress in terms of accessibility and international cooperation, provided that their use is properly regulated. Lastly, the fourth chapter describes two experiments, testing the efficacy of the currently available tools for automatic subtitling and automatic dubbing respectively, in order to take a closer look at their perks and limitations compared to more traditional approaches. This analysis aims to help discerning legitimate concerns from unfounded speculations with regards to the AI technologies which are entering the field of AVT; the intention behind it is to humbly suggest a constructive and optimistic view of the technological transformations that appear to be underway, whilst also acknowledging their potential risks.

Audiovisual materials and second-language acquisition: a comparison between native language subtitles and target language captions.

Over the last few years, the massive popularity of video streaming platforms has managed to impact our daily habits by making the watching of movies and TV shows one of the main activities of our free time. By providing a wide range of foreign language audiovisual content, these entertainment services may represent a powerful resource for language learners, as they provide them with the possibility to be exposed to authentic input. Moreover, research has shown the beneficial role of audiovisual textual aids such as native language subtitles and target language captions in enhancing language skills such as vocabulary and listening comprehension. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the existing literature on the subject of subtitled and captioned audiovisual materials used as a pedagogical tool for informal language learning.

Utilização de recursos ópticos e equipamentos por escolares com deficiência visual

PURPOSE: To verify perceptions and conduct of students with visual impairment regarding devices and equipment utilized in schooling process. METHODS: A transversal descriptive study on a population of 12-year-old or older students in schooling process, affected by congenital or acquired visual impairment, inserted in the government teaching system of Campinas during the year 2000. An interview quiz, created based on an exploratory study was applied. RESULTS: A group of 26 students, 46% of them with low vision and 53.8% affected by blindness was obtained. Most of the students were from fundamental teaching courses (65.4%), studying in schools with classrooms provided with devices (73.1%). Among the resources used in reading and writing activities, 94.1% of the students reported they used the Braille system and 81.8% reported that the reading subject was dictated by a colleague. Most of the students with low vision wore glasses (91.7%), and 33.3% utilized a magnifying glass as optical devices. Among the non-optical devices, the most common were the environmental ones, getting closer to the blackboard (75.0%) and to the window (66.7%) for better lighting. CONCLUSIONS: It became evident that students with low vision eye-sight made use of devices meant for bearers of blindness, such as applying the Braille system. A reduced number of low vision students making use of optical and non-optical devices applicable to their problems were observed, indicating a probable unawareness of their visual potential and the appropriate devices to improve efficiency.

Interações sociais em aulas de educação fisica

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Professor pesquisador: o caso Rosa

Este trabalho aborda o caso de uma professora de Biologia do Ensino Médio que teve, como foco de investigação, sua própria prática docente, e analisa as condições que permitiram o acoplamento da pesquisa com a docência. A prática da professora foi registrada com gravações audiovisuais e com a elaboração de um diário de bordo pessoal. As leituras dos registros, referenciadas nos princípios do contrato didático e nos pressupostos do diagnóstico pedagógico, revelam-nos algumas das ações e reações da professora e dos alunos em momentos de sua prática pedagógica. Os desenvolvimentos da pesquisa e da docência puderam avançar de maneira colaborativa graças ao esforço e à vontade persistente da pesquisadora em utilizar uma metodologia de pesquisa capaz de incorporar tanto aspectos objetivos quanto subjetivos referentes à prática docente.

Hypothalamic dopamine D1 receptors are involved in the stimulation of prolactin secretion by high environmental temperature in the female sheep

Recent evidence suggests that dopamine, acting via its D1 receptors, may function as a neurotransmitter in intrahypothalamic pathways involved in the stimulation of prolactin secretion. Functional dopamine D1 receptors are present in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) and we hypothesized that they might be part of a prolactin-stimulatory pathway activated by stress. We tested this hypothesis in a series of experiments on sheep involving two different forms of stressors, audiovisual (barking dog) and high environmental temperature. We attempted to block the stimulation of prolactin secretion by infusion into the VMH of an antagonist specific for the D1 receptor. Ovariectomised, oestradiol-implanted merino ewes were surgically implanted with bilateral guide tubes directed at the VMH. After a 180 min pretreatment period, the ewes either were or were not exposed to a stressor (30 min of barking dog or 120 min at 35 degrees C, 65% relative humidity). D1 receptor antagonist, SCH23390 or vehicle (0.9% saline) was infused into the VMH (1.7 mu l/h, 120 nmol/h) for 60 min prior to and during the stressor period. Blood was sampled every 15 min via jugular cannulae and the plasma was assayed for prolactin, cortisol and growth hormone (GH). Both stressors significantly increased prolactin concentrations over control levels. SCH23390 infusion significantly attenuated the prolactin response to high environmental temperature, but had no effect on the prolactin response to audiovisual stress. Cortisol concentrations were significantly increased by audiovisual stress only and were not affected by SCH23390, GH concentrations were not changed by either stressor or infusion. Drug infusion alone did not affect the concentration of the hormones. The data suggest that the VMH D1 receptors are involved in a prolactin stimulatory pathway in response to high environmental temperature. The inability of the D1 antagonist to affect the response to the barking dog indicates that this pathway is stress-specific, implying that there is more than one mechanism or pathway involved in the prolactin response to different stressors.

The insulin hypoglycemia test: Hypoglycemic criteria and reproducibility

The insulin hypoglycemia test (IHT) is widely regarded as the 'gold standard' for dynamic stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This study aimed to investigate the temporal relationship between a rapid decrease in plasma glucose and the corresponding rise in plasma adenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and to assess the reproducibility of hormone responses to hypoglycemia in normal humans. Ten normal subjects underwent IHTs, using an insulin dose of 0.15 U/kg. Of these, eight had a second IHT (IHT2) and three went on to a third test (IHT3). Plasma ACTH and cortisol were measured at 15-min intervals and, additionally, in four IHT2s and the three IHT3s, ACTH was measured at 2.5- or 5-min intervals. Mean glucose nadirs and mean ACTH and cortisol responses were not significantly different between IHT1, IHT2 and IHT3. Combined data from all 21 tests showed the magnitude of the cortisol responses, but not the ACTH responses, correlated significantly with the depth and duration of hypoglycemia. All subjects achieved glucose concentrations of of less than or equal to 1.6 mmol/l before any detectable rise in ACTH occurred. In the seven tests performed with frequent sampling, an ACTH rise never preceeded the glucose nadir, but occurred at the nadir, or up to 15 min after. On repeat testing, peak ACTH levels varied markedly within individuals, whereas peak cortisol levels were more reproducible (mean coefficient of variation 7%). In conclusion, hypoglycemia of less than or equal to 1.6 mmol/l was sufficient to cause stimulation of the HPA axis in all 21 IHTs conducted in normal subjects. Nonetheless; our data cannot reveal whether higher glucose nadirs would stimulate increased HPA axis activity in all subjects. Overall, the cortisol response to hypoglycemia is more reproducible than the ACTH response but, in an individual subject, the difference in peak cortisol between two IHTs may exceed 100 nmol/l.

Design de estratégias de registos documentais participativos: Ações a implementar no Centro Histórico do Porto

Nesta comunicação apresentamos as metodologias utilizadas no trabalho de documentação participativa que está a ser desenvolvido no programa Manobras no Porto, no âmbito do projeto de investigação “The Museum of All: Práticas de Comunicação Institucional num Mundo de Redes Participativas”. Numa altura em que nos deparamos com grandes transformações económicas, sociais e culturais nas nossas sociedades, acreditamos que o trabalho de construção de um arquivo documental sobre os aspectos que caracterizam uma determinada cultura local, visando proteger o seu património imaterial, tornar-se-á tão profícuo, quanto maior for o envolvimento dos próprios membros dessa cultura, no processo. No caso de estudo que aqui apresentamos, pretendemos compreender de que modo é que a documentação audiovisual participativa poderá vir a contribuir para o reforço da capacidade coletiva e envolvimento dos cidadãos locais no processo de revitalização social, económica e cultural do Centro Histórico do Porto. Depois de uma primeira fase de trabalho de campo de auscultação, levada a cabo através de um processo de observação participante, iremos implementar novas estratégias de recolha e criação coletiva com o objetivo de proporcionar um processo de documentação mais envolvente e participativo.

Design de Ações Culturais Participativas: um Caso de Estudo no Centro Histórico da Cidade do Porto

In this paper we present the methodologies and preliminary conclusions of the first phase of the work of construction of audiovisual narratives related to the project “Manobras no Porto”, which will serve as a case study for the main research project entitled: “The Museum of All: Institutional Communication Practices in a Participatory Networked World”. The main objective of this research project is to understand how the use of collective and participatory creation of identities and narratives can contribute to get audiences engaged with cultural institutions and events. We intend to identify the effects and measure the dynamics of participation of audiences in the construction of audiovisual objects, and understand how these may influence the reconfiguration of the missions of the institutions and cultural projects, in the development of societies.

Cidade de Deus e Janela da alma: um estudo sobre a cadeia produtiva do cinema brasileiro

Objetiva-se discutir e analisar as trajetórias de produção, comercialização e exibição no mercado interno dos filmes Cidade de Deus e Janela da alma, mapeando convergências e diferenças. Trata-se de estudo de caso múltiplo, de natureza exploratória, com base em triangulação de fontes. Os resultados mostram as seguintes convergências: o estreitamento de parcerias entre produtoras e distribuidoras; a utilização de recursos de leis brasileiras de incentivo ao desenvolvimento da atividade audiovisual; a importância e eficácia das estratégias de marketing e de lançamento formatadas; a natureza do trabalho de equipe dos projetos; e a necessidade de perceber e de superar sinais negativos inicialmente emitidos pelo mercado. Dentre as principais divergências, destacam-se: o grau de engajamento dos diretores em todas as etapas dos projetos dos filmes; a focalização das estratégias de marketing em festivais como forma de desenvolvimento de mercado; e o foco em resultados comerciais.

Instituições do Estado e políticas de regulação e incentivo ao cinema no Brasil: o caso Ancine e Ancinav

Este artigo analisa as políticas públicas de regulação, fiscalização e incentivo à indústria audiovisual no Brasil, a partir da criação da Agência Nacional do Cinema (Ancine). Pela perspectiva das transformações recentes no aparato institucional do Estado brasileiro, o artigo estuda a especificidade de uma agência reguladora criada para atuar nesse setor de política pública. Analisa o panorama histórico da relação entre Estado e cinema no Brasil, bem como os resultados concretos e o significado estratégico da atuação da agência, e compara os modelos institucionais de regulação do setor em outros países selecionados: Argentina, México, França e Reino Unido. Além disso, avalia o debate sobre a mudança no perfil e escopo da agência, com sua possível substituição pela Agência Nacional do Cinema e do Audiovisual (Ancinav) e a forma polêmica pela qual esta proposta foi recebida pela comunidade cultural e cinematográfica. Finalmente, o artigo interpreta o que constitui, nessa experiência brasileira, um aparato institucional a que dá o nome de "agência articuladora de política pública setorial".