Colecta y establecimiento de banco de germoplasma en coleccion viva e In vitro del genero Xanthosoma en Nicaragua

Con el objetivo de conservar in vitro y en colección viva la variabilidad del género Xanthosoma se realizaron colectas en 27 sitios de tres regiones de Nicaragua entre julio y 2006 Oc tubre 2007. El banco de germoplasma in vitro se estableció mediante el cultivo de meristemos y colección viva utilizando la técnica de reproducción acelerada de semilla. Se elaboró un herbario de las accesiones. Catorce descriptores de colecta se utilizaro n para el análisis de agrupamiento (AA) preliminar del parentesco y dispersión entre las accesiones. Se colectaron 63 accesiones de 6 especies, 18 X. violaceum , 8 X. sagittifolium (ambas comestibles), 1 X. robustum , 6 X . wendlandii , 6 X. mexicanum , 2 X. at rovirens monstrosum (ornamental) y 22 X . spp (sin identificar). 74.6 % provienen de la Región Central, 19.0 % del Pacifico y 6.3 % del Caribe, la menos explorada. 76.2 % de las accesiones tienen hoja lisa sagitada, 1.6 % entera ondulada, 9.5% pubescente sa gitada, 3.2 % con ápice en forma de cono y 9.5 % lobulada lisa. 96.8 % de las hojas son verde y 3.2 % variegada ( X. atrovirens monstrosum ) . El 27 % de las accesiones producen estolones y 73 % cormelos. 61.5 % presentan seudotallo color verde, 28.6 % púrp ura y 9.5 % jaspeado. E n e l AA preliminar las accesiones formaron 2 grupos ( silvestres y cultivados ). 63 % de la variación total lo provocan un componente de 4 variables, y dos de 2 variables. El banco de germoplasma in vitro , la colección viva y el herbar io evidencian la variabilidad de Xanthosoma en Nicaragua.

Direct parameter extraction in feedthrough-embedded capacitive MEMS resonators

This paper presents a method for fast and accurate determination of parameters relevant to the characterization of capacitive MEMS resonators like quality factor (Q), resonant frequency (fn), and equivalent circuit parameters such as the motional capacitance (Cm). In the presence of a parasitic feedthrough capacitor (CF) appearing across the input and output ports, the transmission characteristic is marked by two resonances: series (S) and parallel (P). Close approximations of these circuit parameters are obtained without having to first de-embed the resonator motional current typically buried in feedthrough by using the series and parallel resonances. While previous methods with the same objective are well known, we show that these are limited to the condition where CF ≪ CmQ. In contrast, this work focuses on moderate capacitive feedthrough levels where CF > CmQ, which are more common in MEMS resonators. The method is applied to data obtained from the measured electrical transmission of fabricated SOI MEMS resonators. Parameter values deduced via direct extraction are then compared against those obtained by a full extraction procedure where de-embedding is first performed and followed by a Lorentzian fit to the data based on the classical transfer function associated with a generic LRC series resonant circuit. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Probing biomolecular interaction forces using an anharmonic acoustic technique for selective detection of bacterial spores.

Receptor-based detection of pathogens often suffers from non-specific interactions, and as most detection techniques cannot distinguish between affinities of interactions, false positive responses remain a plaguing reality. Here, we report an anharmonic acoustic based method of detection that addresses the inherent weakness of current ligand dependant assays. Spores of Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus anthracis simulant) were immobilized on a thickness-shear mode AT-cut quartz crystal functionalized with anti-spore antibody and the sensor was driven by a pure sinusoidal oscillation at increasing amplitude. Biomolecular interaction forces between the coupled spores and the accelerating surface caused a nonlinear modulation of the acoustic response of the crystal. In particular, the deviation in the third harmonic of the transduced electrical response versus oscillation amplitude of the sensor (signal) was found to be significant. Signals from the specifically-bound spores were clearly distinguishable in shape from those of the physisorbed streptavidin-coated polystyrene microbeads. The analytical model presented here enables estimation of the biomolecular interaction forces from the measured response. Thus, probing biomolecular interaction forces using the described technique can quantitatively detect pathogens and distinguish specific from non-specific interactions, with potential applicability to rapid point-of-care detection. This also serves as a potential tool for rapid force-spectroscopy, affinity-based biomolecular screening and mapping of molecular interaction networks.

The pottery from A and C-Group tombs at Serra West in the Museum of Natural History, La Plata

Abstract: The Museum of Natural History, La Plata, Argentina, houses a ceramic collection of the A-Group and C-Group cultures from Nubian tombs at Serra West (AA and ACS cemeteries), on the west bank of the Nile in Lower Nubia. It has been originated from the division after the excavations made by the Franco-Argentine Archaeological Expedition in Sudan between 1961 and 1963, as part of the UNESCO campaigns to save the Nubian monuments.