Alteração precoce da matriz extracelular e parâmetros diastólicos na síndrome metabólica

FUNDAMENTOS: Síndrome Metabólica (SM) está associada com maior risco cardiovascular, porém não está claro se as alterações miocárdicas presentes nessa condição, como a disfunção diastólica, são consequência de mecanismos sistêmicos ou de efeitos diretos no miocárdio. OBJETIVOS: Comparar função diastólica, biomarcadores de atividade da Matriz Extracelular (MEC), inflamação e estresse hemodinâmico, em pacientes com SM e controles saudáveis. MÉTODOS: Pacientes com SM (n = 76) e controles saudáveis (n = 30) foram avaliados clinicamente e submetidos a exame ecocardiográfico e mensuração dos níveis plasmáticos de metaloproteinase-9 (MMP9), inibidor tecidual da metaloproteinase-1 (TIMP1), proteína C reativa ultrassensível (PCR-us), resistência insulínica (HOMA-RI) e NT-proBNP. RESULTADOS: O grupo SM apresentou menor onda E' (10,1 ± 3,0 cm/s vs. 11,9 ± 2,6 cm/s, p = 0,005), maiores valores para onda A (63,4 ± 14,1 vs. 53,1 ± 8,9 cm/s, p < 0,001), razão E/E'(8,0 ± 2,2 vs. 6,3 ± 1,2; p < 0,001), MMP9 (502,9 ± 237,1 vs. 330,4 ± 162,7 ng/mL, p < 0,001), PCR-us (p = 0,001) e HOMA-RI (p < 0,001), sem diferença nos níveis de TIMP1 e NT-proBNP. Na análise multivariada, apenas MMP9 foi independentemente associada a SM. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com SM apresentaram diferenças em medidas ecocardiográficas de função diastólica, na atividade da MEC, PCR-us e HOMA-RI em relação aos controles. Porém, somente MMP9 foi independentemente associada com SM. Esses achados sugerem que os efeitos precoces da SM sobre a atividade da MEC podem não ser detectados nas medidas ecocardiográficas de função diastólica usuais.

Estudo dos Fatores de Risco Associados a Arteriopatia Periferica em Nipo-brasileiros de Bauru (SP)

Fundamento: As patologias cardiovasculares são a maior causa de morbimortalidade nos países desenvolvidos e emergentes. Sua principal etiologia, a aterosclerose, é doença disseminada acometendo os territórios coronariano, cerebral e periférico. A doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP), além de suas consequências per se, sinaliza o acometimento do território coronariano. Portanto, seu melhor conhecimento permite tratamento adequado, retardando complicações locais e à distância, diminuindo o custo para o sistema de saúde. Objetivo: Este estudo estima a porcentagem de DAOP em nipo-brasileiros de Bauru (SP), reconhecidos pela alta prevalência de distúrbios metabólicos, como hipertensão arterial (43%), diabetes melito (33%) e hipercolesterolemia (60 %), e analisa a associação com biomarcadores de risco. Métodos: Este estudo transversal populacional avaliou 1.330 nipo-brasileiros de ambos os sexos com idade ≥ 30 anos que foram submetidos a exame físico completo, medidas antropométricas, exames laboratoriais e índice tornozelo-braço (ITB). Participantes com ITB ≤ 0,90 foram diagnosticados como portadores de DAOP. Após aplicação dos critérios de exclusão, 1.038 indivíduos integraram a análise. Empregou-se regressão de Poisson para análise das associações com DAOP. Resultados: A idade média foi 56,8 anos e a porcentagem de DAOP foi 21,1%, igual entre os sexos. DAOP associou-se com tabagismo (RP 2,16 [1,33-3,48]) e hipertensão arterial (RP 1,56 [1,12-2,22]). Conclusão: A porcentagem de DAOP nos nipo-brasileiros foi semelhante à de outras populações de perfil cardiometabólico desfavorável (US PARTNERS e POPADAD). A associação independente de DAOP com tabagismo e hipertensão, mas não com outros clássicos fatores de risco, pode depender das frequências muito elevadas dos distúrbios metabólicos nessa população.

Financial structure choice in owner-managed firms : entrepreneurial characteristics, utility of control, and the competitive context

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Wirtschaftswiss., Diss., 2011

Effects of Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability in Chagas Heart Disease

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is a marker of autonomic dysfunction severity. The effects of physical training on HRV indexes in Chagas heart disease (CHD) are not well established. Objective: To evaluate the changes in HRV indexes in response to physical training in CHD. Methods: Patients with CHD and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, physically inactive, were randomized either to the intervention (IG, N = 18) or control group (CG, N = 19). The IG participated in a 12-week exercise program consisting of 3 sessions/week. Results: Mean age was 49.5 ± 8 years, 59% males, mean LVEF was 36.3 ± 7.8%. Baseline HRV indexes were similar between groups. From baseline to follow-up, total power (TP): 1653 (IQ 625 - 3418) to 2794 (1617 - 4452) ms, p = 0.02) and very low frequency power: 586 (290 - 1565) to 815 (610 - 1425) ms, p = 0.047) increased in the IG, but not in the CG. The delta (post - pre) HRV indexes were similar: SDNN 11.5 ± 30.0 vs. 3.7 ± 25.1 ms. p = 0.10; rMSSD 2 (6 - 17) vs. 1 (21 - 9) ms. p = 0.43; TP 943 (731 - 3130) vs. 1780 (921 - 2743) Hz. p = 0.46; low frequency power (LFP) 1.0 (150 - 197) vs. 60 (111 - 146) Hz. p = 0.85; except for high frequency power, which tended to increase in the IG: 42 (133 - 92) vs. 79 (61 - 328) Hz. p = 0.08). Conclusion: In the studied population, the variation of HRV indexes was similar between the active and inactive groups. Clinical improvement with physical activity seems to be independent from autonomic dysfunction markers in CHD.

On the provision of global public goods : experimental evidence on climate change mitigation issues

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Wirtschaftswiss., Diss., 2011

Ivabradine Improves Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Background: Ivabradine is a novel specific heart rate (HR)-lowering agent that improves event-free survival in patients with heart failure (HF). Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effect of ivabradine on time domain indices of heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with HF. Methods: Forty-eight patients with compensated HF of nonischemic origin were included. Ivabradine treatment was initiated according to the latest HF guidelines. For HRV analysis, 24-h Holter recording was obtained from each patient before and after 8 weeks of treatment with ivabradine. Results: The mean RR interval, standard deviation of all normal to normal RR intervals (SDNN), the standard deviation of 5-min mean RR intervals (SDANN), the mean of the standard deviation of all normal-to-normal RR intervals for all 5-min segments (SDNN index), the percentage of successive normal RR intervals exceeding 50 ms (pNN50), and the square root of the mean of the squares of the differences between successive normal to normal RR intervals (RMSSD) were low at baseline before treatment with ivabradine. After 8 weeks of treatment with ivabradine, the mean HR (83.6 ± 8.0 and 64.6 ± 5.8, p < 0.0001), mean RR interval (713 ± 74 and 943 ± 101 ms, p < 0.0001), SDNN (56.2 ± 15.7 and 87.9 ± 19.4 ms, p < 0.0001), SDANN (49.5 ± 14.7 and 76.4 ± 19.5 ms, p < 0.0001), SDNN index (24.7 ± 8.8 and 38.3 ± 13.1 ms, p < 0.0001), pNN50 (2.4 ± 1.6 and 3.2 ± 2.2 %, p < 0.0001), and RMSSD (13.5 ± 4.6 and 17.8 ± 5.4 ms, p < 0.0001) substantially improved, which sustained during both when awake and while asleep. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that treatment with ivabradine improves HRV in nonischemic patients with HF.

Electrophysiological Studies and Radiofrequency Ablations in Children and Adolescents with Arrhythmia

Background:Radiofrequency ablation is the standard non-pharmacological treatment for arrhythmias in pediatric patients. However, arrhythmias and their associated causes have particular features in this population.Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and findings of electrophysiological diagnostic studies and radiofrequency ablations in pediatric patients referred to the Electrophysiology Unit at Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul, in order to characterize the particularities of this population.Methods:Cross-sectional study with 330 electrophysiological procedures performed in patients aged less than 20 years between June 1997 and August 2013.Results:In total, 330 procedures (9.6% of the overall procedures) were performed in patients aged less than 20 years (14.33 ± 3.25 years, age range 3 months to 19 years), 201 of which were males (60.9%). A total of 108 (32.7%) electrophysiological diagnostic studies were performed and of these, 48.1% showed abnormal findings. Overall, 219 radiofrequency ablations were performed (66.3%) with a success rate of 84.8%. The presence of an accessory pathway was the most prevalent finding, occurring in 158 cases (72.1%), followed by atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (16.8%), typical atrial flutter (3.1%) and extrasystoles originating from the right ventricular outflow tract (2.7%). Three patients developed complications during ablation (1.4%). Among congenital heart diseases, which occurred in 51 (15.4%) patients, atrial sept defect was the most frequent (27.4%), followed by ventricular sept defect (25.4%) and Ebstein's anomaly (17.6%).Conclusion:Electrophysiological study and radiofrequency ablation are effective tools for diagnosis and treatment of arrhythmias in the pediatric population.

Analyzing university spin-offs and supporting decision making in new venture creation

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Wirtschaftswiss., Diss., 2008

Kulturbedingte Interaktionsprobleme : eine Analyse aus der Perspektive der Neuen Institutionenökonomik

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Wirtschaftswiss., Diss., 2007

Nutzenkonzept und Probleme bei der Erklärung individueller Entscheidungen : eine experimentelle Analyse von Entscheidungen über Zeit und Geld

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Wirtschaftswiss., Diss., 2010

Incentive structures in economic experiments : a neuroeconomic analysis of decision making under risk

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Wirtschaftswiss., Diss., 2013

Erfolgssicherung in der Personalentwicklung : theoretische Grundlagen und deren Umsetzung in der Praxis am Beispiel der Berufsausbildung

[s.c.]

Beliefs in Koordinationsspielen : eine experimentelle Untersuchung zum besseren Verständnis der Gleichgewichtsauswahl

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Wirtschaftswiss., Diss., 2013

Fehlzeiten im Unternehmen : Phänomen, Ursachen und Handlungsmöglichkeiten

[s.c.]