Hermenéutica del deseo y género sexual

"La que mis palabras esconden, mi cuerpo lo revela". El interés de esta cita de Roland Barthes1 para una reflexión formal sobre la distinción de género entte 10 femenino y 10 masculino radica en el supuesto de la diferencia hermeneutica entte las palabras y el cuerpo, que se oponen conceptualmente a partir de su función, respectivamente, ocultadora y reveladora en relación con el deseo.

Estudi sobre assetjament sexual a la Universitat Pompeu Fabra

La present investigació té com a objectiu analitzar la dimensió d’assetjament sexual en el àmbit de la Universitat Pompeu Fabra. Per poder valorar-ho, s’ha creat una enquesta per analitzar aquest fenomen dirigida exclusivament a la població de la universitat. La investigació es divideix en tres apartats diferents. El primer, pretén valorar la percepció dels membres de la Universitat Pompeu Fabra en relació a l’assetjament sexual. El segon, veure si es produeix assetjament dins de la Universitat. Per últim, es vol valorar la opinió de la població en relació a la implementació d’un mecanisme per atendre a les víctimes d’assetjament sexual.

Perfil sociosanitario sexual y contraceptivo de las mujeres visitadas por primera vez en el Programa Joven del Bages

Objetivos. Conocer las características, el perfil sanitario, sexual y contraceptivo, y los factores de riesgo en las mujeres jóvenes (menores de 24 años) que han acudido por primera vez al Programa Joven del PSAD-ASSIR del Bages. Método. Estudio transversal, descriptivo y observacional, realizado mediante el vaciado de 790 historias clínicas de jóvenes, pertenecientes a la comarca del Bages (Barcelona), que acudieron por primera vez al Programa Joven durante el año 2002. Resultados. La media de edad de las mujeres estudiadas es de 20 años (DE= 3), la mayoría nacidas en España (84%), con estudios secundarios (43%) y que viven la gran mayoría con familiares de primer grado (71%). Factores sexuales de riesgo: la edad media de inicio de relaciones sexuales con penetración es de 18 años (DE= 2,41); un 16% no emplea ningún método anticonceptivo o métodos poco fiables; un 14% tiene más de dos parejas sexuales. El porcentaje de mujeres que manifestaron haber estado embarazadas es del 18%, y habían tenido una interrupción voluntaria del embarazo (IVE) el 7%. Las principales sustancias tóxicas consumidas son tabaco (46%), alcohol (26%) y cannabis (7,2%). La petición de la anticoncepción de emergencia es el principal motivo de consulta (20%). Conclusión. En el momento de plantear políticas preventivas para la población juvenil, debería contemplarse desde una perspectiva global y no individualizada, ya que los factores de riesgo son múltiples y se hallan estrechamente relacionados.

Flight energetics in relation to sexual differences in the mating behaviour of a mayfly, Siphlonurus aestivalis

Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) are known to have short adult life-spans. Adults are unable to feed, and they utilize reserves stored during their aquatic larval stage. Energy reserves (fat, glycogen, and free sugars) of mature larvae, subimagoes and imagoes of both sexes of Siphlonurus aestivalis Eaton were compared. All the stages of both sexes had low glycogen and free sugar contents, and the only significant change occurred during the transformation of the mature larva to subimago when almost all the reserves of free sugars were used up. Glycogen and free sugars may serve as energy sources permitting individuals to swim and fly out of the water during emergence. Fat made up most of the energy reserves of mature larvae and was the main source of energy used during the final development of both sexes. Young adult males had high fat reserves which they used as a source of energy for their swarming flights. In contrast, females did not seem to use a significant amount of fat for flight. This difference is probably related to the different mating strategies of the sexes in this species. Males perform long flights waiting for females, whereas females perform only brief flights to mate and reproduce.

Actuació d'infermeria en salut afectiva sexual i reproductiva en adolescents: proposta Programa Educatiu en l'àmbit escolar

L'adolescència és un període de transició entre la infància i l'edat adulta, una etapa del cicle de creixement que marca el final de la infància i anuncia la maduresa, aquest terme s'utilitza generalment per referir-se a una persona que es troba entre els 13 i 19 anys d'edat. En aquesta etapa s'inicia la maduració física, cognitiva, social i emocional del nen o nena en la cerca del camí cap a l'adultesa. Per a molts joves l'adolescència és un període d'incertesa i fins i tot de desesperació; per a uns altres, és una etapa d'amistats internes, de desvinculació de les lligadures amb els pares, de somnis sobre el futur, etc. El desenvolupament físic és només una part d'aquest procés de maduració, ja que els adolescents han de superar també una sèrie de canvis psicosocials, com per exemple: independència dels pares, aprenentatge d'estratègies de comunicació per relacionar-se de forma més madura, desenvolupament de les capacitats intel·lectuals, consolidació de la pròpia identitat, inici de les relacions sexuals, actituds i valors, control emocional, entre uns altres.

Prevalence and dimensions of sexual orientation in Swiss adolescents: a cross-sectional survey of 16 to 20-year-old students.

AIM: Sexual orientation plays an important part in building identity during adolescence. The aim of this study was to describe patterns of sexual orientation, including sexual attraction, fantasies, affiliations and behaviour. METHODS: The study was based on the analysis of data from computerized self-administered questionnaires of a Swiss national survey on the sexual life of 16 to 20-year-old adolescents (n = 2,075 girls and 2,208 boys.). RESULTS: Overall, 95.0% of girls and 96.2% of boys described themselves as predominantly heterosexual; 1.4% of girls and 1.7% of boys as predominantly homosexual or bisexual; and 2.8% of teenagers (girls: 3.6%; boys: 2.1%) were "unsure" of their sexual orientation. The reported prevalence of homosexual attraction (girls: 2.0%; boys: 2.9%) exceeded homosexual fantasies (girls: 0.4%; boys: 0.5%) and affiliations (girls: 0.3%; boys: 0.5%). Among the 4205 respondents, 31 girls (1.5% of girls) and 56 boys (2.5% of boys) reported sexual behaviour (experience or penetrative intercourse) with a person of the same sex. Among 1.5% of girls and 2.5% of boys who reported sexual behaviour with a person of the same sex, 65% of boys and 80% of girls nevertheless considered themselves as heterosexual. CONCLUSION: For a comprehensive understanding of sexual orientation in adolescence a differentiated look at dimensions of sexual orientation is indispensable. This applies to clinical settings, public health and research.

Sex allocation conflict in ants: when the queen rules.

Insect societies are paramount examples of cooperation, yet they also harbor internal conflicts whose resolution depends on the power of the opponents. The male-haploid, female-diploid sex-determining system of ants causes workers to be more related to sisters than to brothers, whereas queens are equally related to daughters and sons. Workers should thus allocate more resources to females than to males, while queens should favor an equal investment in each sex. Female-biased sex allocation and manipulation of the sex ratio during brood development suggest that workers prevail in many ant species. Here, we show that queens of Formica selysi strongly influenced colony sex allocation by biasing the sex ratio of their eggs. Most colonies specialized in the production of a single sex. Queens in female-specialist colonies laid a high proportion of diploid eggs, whereas queens in male-specialist colonies laid almost exclusively haploid eggs, which constrains worker manipulation. However, the change in sex ratio between the egg and pupae stages suggests that workers eliminated some male brood, and the population sex-investment ratio was between the queens' and workers' equilibria. Altogether, these data provide evidence for an ongoing conflict between queens and workers, with a prominent influence of queens as a result of their control of egg sex ratio.

The Effect of Sexual Abuse on Children's Attachment Representations in Chile.

Child sexual abuse is associated with problems in children's emotional development, particularly increased insecurity of attachment. However, few studies have examined its effect on the organization of attachment representations in preschoolers, and the findings of those that have been conducted have not been entirely consistent. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of child sexual abuse on attachment representation quality in a sample of children 3 to 7 years old in Chile. The results indicate child sexual abuse does affect children's attachment representation quality. The attachment narratives of child sexual abuse victims scored significantly higher than nonvictims on the hyperactivity and disorganization dimensions of attachment. These results are discussed in terms of attachment theory, clinical findings on child sexual abuse, and clinical implications.