Crescimento e caracterização dos cristais de sulfato de níquel hexahidratado dopados com íons [MnH2O]2+ e com sulfato de magnésio heptahidratado

Neste trabalho, cristais de sulfato níquel dopados com íons de manganês (NSH: Mn) e cristais de sulfato níquel dopados com de íon de magnésio (NMgSH) foram crescidos e posteriormente caracterizados pelas técnicas de difração de raios X e de espectroscopia Raman. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os cristais dopados possuem estrutura muito semelhante a do cristal de sulfato de níquel puro (NSH), com uma deformação anisotrópica nas dimensões da célula unitária em relação ao cristal puro. O objetivo do presente estudo foi crescer dois novos monocristais de boa qualidade óptica para serem usados como filtros ópticos de banda passante. Os cristais de sulfato de níquel hexa-hidratado (NHS) são conhecidos por possuírem espectros de transmissão óptica, que tem atraído muita atenção, pois apresentam duas regiões com alta eficiência de transmissão, aproximadamente 80%, sendo a primeira região entre 200 e 350 nm e a segunda entre 400 e 600 nm, e uma alta eficiência de absorção em outras regiões do espectro UV-VIS. Um espectro de transmissão de luz com estas características é semelhante a um filtro óptico. Analises Termogravimetric (TGA) foram realizadas para cristais puros e dopados. A temperatura de decomposição obtida para o NSH foi de 73 ° C, enquanto que os cristais de NSH:Mn e NMgSH apresentam valores de 82 ° C e 86 º C, respectivamente. Como pode ser facilmente percebido, a estabilidade térmica de cristais com o íons de Mn ou Mg em suas estruturas é significativamente maior. A banda de transmissão entre 200 e 350 nm no espectro óptico de NSH foi observada com redução significativa em sua largura nos espectros de transmissão dos cristais dopados restringindo assim a região do espectro conhecida como UVA.

Influência de diferentes tipos e concentrações de catalisadores químicos na eficiência do clareamento dental

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficiência de diferentes tipos e concentrações de catalisadores químicos sobre a efetividade de um gel a base de peróxido de hidrogênio a 35% no clareamento dental. Foram utilizados 170 dentes incisivos bovinos dos quais foram obtidos 510 discos de esmalte-dentina, com 3mm de diâmetro, utilizando-se broca tipo trefina. A leitura da cor dos espécimes foi realizada com um espectrofotômetro de refletância. Foi utilizado para todos os grupos um gel experimental a base de peróxido de hidrogênio a 35%. Para avaliação dos catalisadores químicos, os espécimes foram divididos em grupos de acordo com o tipo e a concentração da substância adicionada: SF - Sulfato Ferroso (0,001%, 0,002% e 0,003%), GF - Gluconato Ferroso (0,01%, 0,02% e 0,03%), CF - Cloreto Férrico (0,01%, 0,02% e 0,03%), GM - Gluconato de Manganês (0,01%, 0,02% e 0,03%) e CM - Cloreto de Manganês (0,01%, 0,02% e 0,03%). Dois grupos controle foram preparados, sendo eles um grupo controle positivo (CP), na qual não foi adicionado nenhum catalisador químico ao gel clareador, e um grupo controle negativo (CN), onde os espécimes não foram clareados e foram apenas submersos em saliva artificial. Sobre a superfície de esmalte foram realizadas 3 aplicações dos respectivos géis clareadores por 10 min cada, as quais foram repetidas após 7 dias, totalizando 2 sessões de 30 minutos. Foram feitas avaliações de cor antes do clareamento, 7 dias após da primeira sessão e 7 dias após a segunda. Os espécimes foram armazenados em saliva artificial e novamente avaliados após 1 ano. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes de análise da variância paramétrica (ANOVA) e teste de Tukey. Os resultados mostraram que o uso de alguns dos ativadores químicos testados foram efetivos em reduzir o amarelamento das amostras...

Interaction of Curcumin with Manganese May Compromise Metal and Neurotransmitter Homeostasis in the Hippocampus of Young Mice

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Manganese(II) complexes with thiosemicarbazones as potential anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis agents

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Bacterial Cellulose/Chondroitin Sulfate for Dental Materials Scaffolds

Bacterial cellulose (BC) has become established as a remarkably versatile biomaterial and can be used in a wide variety of scientific applications, especially for medical devices. In this work, the bacterial cellulose fermentation process is modified by the addition of chondroitin sulfate (1% w/w) to the culture medium before the bacteria are inoculated. Besides, biomimetic precipitation of calcium phosphate of biological interest from simulated body fluid on bacterial cellulose was studied. Chondroitin sulfate influences in bacterial cellulose were analyzed using transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), XRD (X-ray diffraction) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR analysis showed interaction between chondroitin sulfate, bacterial cellulose and calcium phosphate and XRD demonstrated amorphous calcium phosphate and carbonated apatite on bacterial cellulose nanocomposites. SEM images confirmed incorporation of calcium phosphate in bacterial celluloe nanocomposite surface and uniform spherical calcium phosphate particles. Future experiments with cells adhesion and viability are in course.

Geological and geophysical data integration for delimitation of mineralized areas in a supergene manganese deposits

Geophysical methods are widely used in mineral exploration. This paper discusses the results of geological and geophysical studies in supergene manganese deposits of southern Brazil. Mineralized zones as described in geological surveys were characterized as of low resistivity (20 Omega.m) and high chargeability (30ms), pattern found also in oxides and sulfite mineral deposits. Pseudo-3D modeling of geophysical data allowed mapping at several depths. A relationship between high chargeability and low resistivity may define a pattern for high grade gonditic manganese ore. Large areas of high chargeability and high resistivity may result in accumulation of manganese and iron hydroxides, due to weathering of the gonditic ore, dissolution, percolation and precipitation.

Electrochemical Properties of the Oxo-Manganese-Phenanthroline Complex Immobilized on Ion-Exchange Polymeric Film and Its Application as Biomimetic Sensor for Sulfite Ions

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of manganese supplementation on the membrane integrity and the mitochondrial potential of the sperm of grazing Nelore bulls

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Heparin and dextran sulfate: their role on rsv infectivity

Respiratory syncytial virus is the major cause of acute lower respiratory tract illness in infants and young children. Because there is currently no licensed vaccine for RSV, there is a substantial interest in the identification and development of RSV specific inhibitory agents. There are clinical evidences that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are potential inhibitors of viral infection. In this study, the performance of two GAGs (heparin and dextran sulfate) were compared for their antiviral and virucidal activities on RSV. Analysis was performed using an in vitro infection model where, previously to infection, Hep-2 cells or RSV were incubated with heparin or dextran sulfate. The presence of viral particles was analyzed by Reverse Transcriptase-Polimerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA). The results showed that viral infection was more efficiently inhibited when Hep-2 cells were pre-incubated with heparin or, when viral particles were pre-incubated with dextran sulfate. Our study suggest that, in the absence of cellular death, heparin and dextran sulfate reduce RSV infection by different mechanisms, antiviral and virucidal ones, respectively. These data contribute for recent medical, microbiology and biochemical studies which suggest that the use of antiviral and virucidal compounds as more effective treatment to control virus infections.

Determination of sulfate in ethanol fuel using an electrode chemically modified with polypyrrole by flow injection analysis

In this work, an electrode chemically modified with polypyrrole (PCME) was employed for determination of sulfate in ethanol fuel using a FIA system. The PCME was prepared by polymerization of pyrrole at a glassy carbon electrode by means of cyclic voltammetry technique. An analytical curve from 1.0 x 10−5 to 8.0 x 10−5 mol L−1 was obtained in flow injection system based on the PCME. An amperometric sensibility of 2.3 x 10−3 A mol−1 L and a detection limit of 2.5 x 10−6 mol L−1 were achieved. The proposed method was employed for determination of sulfate ions in commercial samples of ethanol fuel. The results were in good agreement with those obtained by the ionic chromatographic method.

A simple method based on ICP-MS for estimation of background levels of arsenic, cadmium, copper, manganese, nickel, lead, and selenium in blood of the Brazillian population

Throughout the world, biomonitoring has become the standard for assessing exposure of individuals to toxic elements as well as for responding to serious environmental public health problems. However, extensive biomonitoring surveys require rapid and simple analytical methods. Thus, a simple and high-throughput method is proposed for the determination of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and selenium (Se) in blood samples by using inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICPMS). Prior to analysis, 200 ml of blood samples was mixed with 500 ml of 10% v/v tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) solution, incubated for 10 min, and subsequently diluted to 10 ml with a solution containing 0.05% w/v ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) + 0.005% v/v Triton X-100. After that, samples were directly analyzed by ICP-MS (ELAN DRC II). Rhodium was selected as an internal standard with matrix-matching calibration. Method detection limits were 0.08, 0.04, 0.5, 0.09, 0.12, 0.04, and 0.1 mg//L for As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Se, respectively. Validation data are provided based on the analysis of blood samples from the trace elements inter-\comparison program operated by the Institut National de Santé Publique du Quebec, Canada. Additional validation was provided by the analysis of human blood samples by the proposed method and by using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). The method was subsequently applied for the estimation of background metal blood values in the Brazilian population. In general, the mean concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Se in blood were 1.1, 0.4, 890, 9.6, 2.1, 65.4, and 89.3 mg/L, respectively, and are in agreement with other global populations. Influences of age, gender, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and geographical variation on the values were also considered. Smoking habits influenced the levels of Cd in blood. The levels of Cu, Mn, and Pb were significantly correlated with gender, whereas Cu and Pb were significantly correlated with age. There were also interesting differences in Mn and Se levels in the population living in the north of Brazil compared to the south.

Effects on soil chemical attributes and cotton yield from ammonium sulfate and cover crops

Fertilizer use in no-till systems must be aligned with a correct interpretation of soil chemical attributes and crop demands. The objectives of this work were evaluate the effects of pre-sowing application of ammonium sulfate (AS) and of cover crops on the yields and soil chemical attributes of no-till cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. r. latifolium Hutch) over two harvesting years. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design, with the plots in strips, and the variables were three cover crops (Raphanus sativus L., Avena strigosa L. and Avena sativa L.) and four AS doses (0, 150, 300, and 450 kg ha-1) applied over millet dry biomass. The cotton in the experimental plots was manually harvested on April 25, 2007 and April 24, 2008. The soil samples were collected between cotton rows in all plots on May 5, 2007 and May 12, 2008, at depths of 0.0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20 m for soil fertility analyses. The increasing doses of AS induced lower soil pH, and calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) levels in the superficial soil layer, as well as higher exchangeable aluminum (Al) and sulfur (S) levels until a depth of 0.20 m. Seed cotton yields increased with increasing AS doses.

Mass and surface fractal in supercritical dried silica aerogels prepared with additions of sodium dodecyl sulfate

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A comparison of charge-transfer mechanisms at rotated disk electrode for biomimetic binuclear and tetranuclear oxo-manganese complex in aqueous solution

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Dextran sulfate/Triton X two-phase micellar systems as an alternative first purification step for clavulanic acid

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)