Carcinoma escamoso oral: análise retrospectiva de 185 casos

The squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy in the oral cavity, representing over 90% of cancers in this region. This study aimed to conduct an epidemiological study of oral squamous carcinoma cases diagnosed by the Department of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Clinical Propaedeutics in the Dentistry Faculty of Araçatuba - UNESP, in the period between 1995 and 2005. 185 cases were studied, it was observed that the oral floor and tongue were the sites most affected, with predominance in males, white race and aged between 41 and 60 years, noting that the majority of patients were smokers. Knowledge of these data is important for the dental surgeon to act preventively, contributing to early diagnosis of cancer.

Carcinoma de células escamosas em epitélio nasal de um hamster chinês: relato de caso

The squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a neoplasm that affect pets, production animals and exotic animals, and it’s very common in tropical countries like Brazil, once it develops a sparsely pigmented, stratified squamous epithelium and on surfaces mucosa exposed to ultraviolet action. The SCC is quite infiltrative but rarely causes metastases. Its occurrence in the nasal epithelium is widely reported in cats. This case is a chinese hamster (Cricetulus griséus), female, young, who developed a nasal nodule, and their only clinical sign was intense itching. The animal underwent surgery to perform an incisional biopsy, which was referred to the Veterinary Pathology Service of UNESP, campus of Araçatuba (SP) for histopathological evaluation. The material showed features consistent with squamous cell carcinoma well differentiated.

Comparação entre dois métodos de detecção de DNA de papilomavírus humano em carcinoma epidermoide de lábio

Introdução: Recentemente o papilomavírus humano (HPV) tem sido associado à carcinogênese oral. A metodologia empregada na detecção do vírus é uma das maiores causas observadas da grande variabilidade nas taxas de detecção do HPV. Objetivo: Este estudo comparou a sensibilidade de detecção do DNA do HPV em casos de carcinoma epidermoide de lábio utilizando a amplificação do DNA viral por reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) ou nPCR. Material e método: Foram utilizadas 33 amostras provenientes de casos de carcinoma epidermoide de lábio. Para as extrações do DNA utilizou-se o sistema QIAamp DNA Mini Kit. Como controle interno utilizou-se o gene da b-globina. Das 33 amostras iniciais, 30 foram positivas para o gene b-globina, sendo utilizadas para detectar o DNA viral. Comparou-se a amplificação do DNA viral pelos métodos da PCR com os oligonucleotídeos MY09/MY11 e nPCR, empregando-se os pares de oligonucleotídeos iniciadores MY09/MY11 e, na segunda etapa, o par GP5+/GP6+. O controle positivo para a presença do DNA do HPV utilizado foi a linhagem de células HeLa e, como controle negativo, a mistura de amplificação sem DNA. A análise dos produtos de PCR e nPCR para HPV foi realizada por eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida a 8%. Resultados: Utilizando-se o método da PCR, a amplificação do DNA do HPV foi constatada em dois casos. Com a nPCR foi verificada presença de DNA viral em 13 das 30 amostras. Conclusão: Com a utilização da nPCR, a detecção do HPV nos casos estudados aumentou mais de seis vezes.

Investigação da amplificação do EGFR em carcinoma de células escamosas de boca em pacientes jovens

Pós-graduação em Biopatologia Bucal - ICT

Investigação da amplificação do EGFR em carcinoma de células escamosas de boca em pacientes jovens

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Penectomia em equino com carcinoma de células escamosas

The presence of increased volume in penis and prepuce of horses can be of neoplastic or non-neoplastic origin. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), papilloma, fibropapiloma, melanoma and sarcoidorigin. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), papilloma, fibropapilloma, melanoma and sarcoid are detached as neoplastic causes. The non-neoplastic causes can be parasitic as habronemiasis and pythiosis, or inflammation, resulting in the formation of exuberant granulation tissue. The penile disorders can be easily confused with each other because they have similar clinical signs. Among epithelial neoplasms affecting penis and prepuce, squamous cell carcinoma is the most common in horses. Thus, it was aimed to report a case of squamous cell carcinoma in a horse and describe the main differential diagnosis for this disease. The additional tests to obtain an accurate diagnosis and the institution of appropriate treatment are essential for the satisfactory repair of penile neoplasms in this species.

Modulação da imunidade adaptativa por produtos solúveis de células de carcinoma espinoceular de cabeça e pescoço (HNSCC): um papel da galanina derivada do tumor?

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo comparativo da expressão da survivina na citologia esfoliativa da mucosa bucal de pacientes com carcinoma de células escamosas intra-bucal e fumantes crônicos

Survivin protein is an inhibitor of apoptosis that plays a role in cell cycle control and the mechanism of carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to verify the clinic pathological correlation of survivin expression in exfoliative cytology of chronic smokers, mucosa of patients with intra-oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and also from mucosa after surgical removal of OSCC. Patients were divided in 03 groups: Group 1: 26 patients who smoked more than 20 cigarettes/day/10years with no history of oral malignant neoplasm, or any clinical sign visible at examination. Group 2: 26 patients who had OSCC and Group 3: 22 patients surgically treated of OSCC for at least 01 month. Immunohistochemistry of the smears from each group was analyzed by light microscopy to extent and intensity of survivin positive cells. Survivin expression was observed in 100% of cases in group 1, 88.5% in group 2 and 100% in group 3. Groups 1 and 3 showed cytoplasmic expression in 100% of the cases, while group 2 showed it in 87.5%. Cytoplasmic and nuclear expression was 7.69% observed only in group 2. The results were association with clinicopathological data by Fisher's exact test and it was significant to smoke cessation in group 2 on intensity (p=0.015) of survivin expression. The intensity of survivin expression was related to smoking cessation in group 2. Smoking history (pack/years) showed no influence survivin expression

Modulação da imunidade adaptativa por produtos solúveis de células de carcinoma espinoceular de cabeça e pescoço (HNSCC): um papel da galanina derivada do tumor?

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo comparativo da expressão da survivina na citologia esfoliativa da mucosa bucal de pacientes com carcinoma de células escamosas intra-bucal e fumantes crônicos

Survivin protein is an inhibitor of apoptosis that plays a role in cell cycle control and the mechanism of carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to verify the clinic pathological correlation of survivin expression in exfoliative cytology of chronic smokers, mucosa of patients with intra-oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and also from mucosa after surgical removal of OSCC. Patients were divided in 03 groups: Group 1: 26 patients who smoked more than 20 cigarettes/day/10years with no history of oral malignant neoplasm, or any clinical sign visible at examination. Group 2: 26 patients who had OSCC and Group 3: 22 patients surgically treated of OSCC for at least 01 month. Immunohistochemistry of the smears from each group was analyzed by light microscopy to extent and intensity of survivin positive cells. Survivin expression was observed in 100% of cases in group 1, 88.5% in group 2 and 100% in group 3. Groups 1 and 3 showed cytoplasmic expression in 100% of the cases, while group 2 showed it in 87.5%. Cytoplasmic and nuclear expression was 7.69% observed only in group 2. The results were association with clinicopathological data by Fisher's exact test and it was significant to smoke cessation in group 2 on intensity (p=0.015) of survivin expression. The intensity of survivin expression was related to smoking cessation in group 2. Smoking history (pack/years) showed no influence survivin expression

Immunohistochemistry Analysis of Proteins Related with Apoptosis as Prognostic Factor in Epidermoid Carcinoma of Penis

The aim was to analyze the protein expression of apoptotic genes caspase-3, caspase-8 and bcl-2 with the immunohistochemistry technique, correlating with tumor grade (I, II and III) and with the patient survival in order to understand the basic mechanism of tumoral transformation. The immunohistochemistry reactions on 50 samples of squamous cell carcinoma were carried out with the avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase method and antigen recovery. The analyses were made using the graduation method "in crosses" (0 to 4 crosses - no stain to more than 75% of positives cells) and in categories (low, intermediate, high) of the cytoplasm immunoreactivity of the epidermoid penile carcinoma cells. It was observed a statistically significant difference when the expression of caspase-3 were compared with the grades land II of the tumor (p=0.0010) and when comparing the patient survival with the grades I and II of the tumor (p=0.0212). The protein bcl-2 was more expressed than caspase-3 and caspase-8 proteins, suggesting that the apoptotic rate in this carcinoma is low. The higher expression of the anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2 suggests a higher preservation of the tumoral cells.

Expression of calcium binding protein S100 A7 (psoriasin) in laryngeal carcinoma

Many studies have reported increased expression of S100 A7 (psoriasin) in neoplastic lesions. Among them are studies on breast carcinoma, bladder squamous cell carcinoma, skin tumors and oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. The expression of S100 A7 has not been described for laryngeal cancer. Objective: This study aims to identify the expression of the calcium-binding protein S100 A7 and its correlation with squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx. Material and Methods: Specimens from 63 patients were submitted to immunohistochemistry testing with antibody S100 A7. Results were classified and compared. Results: The group with highly differentiated tumors had the highest treatment failure scores. Moderately differentiated tumors had higher treatment failure scores than poorly differentiated tumors. Higher scores were predominantly seen on stages I and II in moderately differentiated tumors, whereas score distribution was more homogeneous in advanced stage disease (III and IV). Regarding failure in treatment, the group scoring zero (3/4 complications: 75%) differed significantly from the remaining groups (13/59: 22%). Conclusions: S100 A7 marker was expressed in 93.7% of laryngeal cancer cases, with higher positive correlation rates in more differentiated tumors and significantly lower rates of treatment failure. Scores had no impact on survival rates.

In vitro cytotoxicity of Selol-loaded magnetic nanocapsules against neoplastic cell lines under AC magnetic field activation

The goals of this study are to evaluate in vitro compatibility of magnetic nanomaterials and their therapeutic potential against cancer cells. Highly stable ionic magnetic fluid sample (maghemite, gamma-Fe2O3) and Selol were incorporated into polymeric nanocapsules by nanoprecipitation method. The cytotoxic effect of Selol-loaded magnetic nanocapsules was assessed on murine melanoma (B16-F10) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines following AC magnetic field application. The influence of different nanocapsules on cell viability was investigated by colorimetric MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. In the absence of AC magnetic field Selol-loaded magnetic nanocapsules, containing 100 mu g/mL Selol plus 5 x 10(12) particle/mL, showed antitumoral activity of about 50% on B16-F10 melanoma cells while OSCC carcinoma cells demonstrated drug resistance at all concentrations of Selol and magnetic fluid (range of 100-500 mu g/mL Selol and 5 x 10(12) -2.5 x 10(13) particle/mL). On the other hand, under AC applied fields (1 MHz and 40 Oe amplitude) B16-F10 cell viability was reduced down to 40.5% (+/- 3.33) at the highest concentration of nanoencapsulated Selol. The major effect, however, was observed on OSCC cells since the cell viability drops down to about 33.3% (+/- 0.38) under application of AC magnetic field. These findings clearly indicate that the Selol-loaded magnetic nanocapsules present different toxic effects on neoplastic cell lines. Further, the cytotoxic effect was maximized under AC magnetic field application on OSCC, which emphasizes the effectiveness of the magnetohyperthermia approach. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3680541]

Possible implication of Mdm2 as a prognostic marker in invasive laryngeal carcinoma

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common malignant neoplasms of the head and neck. In Brazil, laryngeal tumors represent 2% of all cancers and are associated with approximately 3,000 deaths annually. Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been reported to play an important role in the etiology of laryngeal cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of p53, p27, and Mdm2 in laryngeal carcinomas. Sixty-three larynx biopsies were selected for the study, including 9 in situ laryngeal carcinomas, 27 laryngeal carcinomas without metastasis and 27 laryngeal carcinomas with metastasis. Twenty-seven cervical lymph nodes from patients with metastatic lesions were also evaluated. The expression levels of p53, p27, and Mdm2 were assessed by immunohistochemistry using a computer-assisted system. HPV detection and typing were performed using PCR, and the HPV types that were evaluated included HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33. Out of 63 patients, 53 (84.1%) were positive for beta-globin (internal control), and 10 (15.9%) were beta-globin negative and therefore excluded from the evaluation. Thus, 7 (13.2%) out of 53 patients were HPV positive, and 46 (86.8%) out of 53 patients were HPV negative. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in Mdm2 expression levels were observed in the in situ laryngeal carcinoma samples compared with the laryngeal carcinoma samples with metastasis. No statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in either p53 or p27 expression levels were detected. These findings suggest that Mdm2 may be associated with the invasiveness and aggressiveness of laryngeal carcinomas.

SET protein accumulates in HNSCC and contributes to cell survival: Antioxidant defense, Akt phosphorylation and AVOs acidification

Objectives: Determination of the SET protein levels in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tissue samples and the SET role in cell survival and response to oxidative stress in HNSCC cell lineages. Materials and Methods: SET protein was analyzed in 372 HNSCC tissue samples by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarray and HNSCC cell lineages. Oxidative stress was induced with the pro-oxidant tert-butylhydroperoxide (50 and 250 mu M) in the HNSCC HN13 cell lineage either with (siSET) or without (siNC) SET knockdown. Cell viability was evaluated by trypan blue exclusion and annexin V/propidium iodide assays. It was assessed caspase-3 and -9, PARP-1, DNA fragmentation, NM23-H1, SET, Akt and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) status. Acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs) were assessed by the acridine orange assay. Glutathione levels and transcripts of antioxidant genes were assayed by fluorometry and real time PCR, respectively. Results: SET levels were up-regulated in 97% tumor tissue samples and in HNSCC cell lineages. SiSET in HN13 cells (i) promoted cell death but did not induced caspases, PARP-1 cleavage or DNA fragmentation, and (ii) decreased resistance to death induced by oxidative stress, indicating SET involvement through caspase-independent mechanism. The red fluorescence induced by siSET in HN13 cells in the acridine orange assay suggests SET-dependent prevention of AVOs acidification. NM23-H1 protein was restricted to the cytoplasm of siSET/siNC HN13 cells under oxidative stress, in association with decrease of cleaved SET levels. In the presence of oxidative stress, siNC HN13 cells showed lower GSH antioxidant defense (GSH/GSSG ratio) but higher expression of the antioxidant genes PRDX6, SOD2 and TXN compared to siSET HN13 cells. Still under oxidative stress, p-Akt levels were increased in siNC HN13 cells but not in siSET HN13, indicating its involvement in HN13 cell survival. Similar results for the main SET effects were observed in HN12 and CAL 27 cell lineages, except that HN13 cells were more resistant to death. Conclusion: SET is potential (i) marker for HNSCC associated with cancer cell resistance and (ii) new target in cancer therapy. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.