Estudo sobre depósitos tecnogênicos no entorno da represa da Sabesp em Presidente Prudente-SP

The human being has a dependency with the natural environment, since it is from withdrawing resources from it is essential for their survival. But this relationship appears to be unbalanced from the moment that society emerges and changes the substrate in which land is located. In this context the study about the formation of technogenic deposits, has assisted in the preparation of environmental diagnoses in an area very changed by society. Technogenic deposits are sedimentary deposits originated by human activities in the environment, with special emphasis in this work in the fluvial plains. Their classification depends on both the manufactured materials found in its layers, and the processes that led to its formation. Thus, the main objective was to understand the formation history of technogenic deposits in the fluvial plains of the Santo Anastacio river and streams of Cedro and Cedrinho surrounding the dam of SABESP (Basic Sanitation Company of São Paulo) in Presidente Prudente-SP. The experimental proceedings are based mainly on realization of fieldwork to characterization study area, collection of technogenic materials in PVC´s (polyvinyl chloride) tube, and analysis of laboratory through of particle size analysis (EMBRAPA, 1997) of the technogenics layers... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análise macro e micrográfica da liga AA-356 conforme a taxa de resfriamento

The present work aims to study the characteristics of the alloy Al - 7 % Si - 0 , 3Mg ( AA356 ) , more specifically characterize the macrostructure and microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy ingots AA356 obtained in metal molds and sand molds for power studying the structures through the difference of cooling rates . This alloy is explained by the fact of referring league has excellent combination of properties such as low solidification shrinkage and good fluidity, good weldability , high wear resistance , high strength to weight ratio, has wide application in general engineering , and particularly in the automotive and aerospace engineering . In this work we will verify this difference in properties through two different cooling rates . We monitor the solid solidification temperatures by thermocouples building with them the cooling curve as a tool that will aid us to evaluate the effectiveness of the grain refining because it achieved with some important properties of the alloy as the latent heat of solidification fraction the liquid and solid temperatures, the total solidification time, and identify the presence of inoculants for grain refinement. Thermal analysis will be supported by the study of graphic software “Origin “will be achieved where the cooling curve and its first derivative that is the cooling rate. Made thermal analysis, analysis will be made in macrographs ingots obtained for observation of macrostructures obtained in both types of ingots and also analysis of micrographs where sampling will occur in strategic positions ingots to correlate with the microstructure. Finally will be collecting data from Brinell hardness of ingots and so then correlating the properties of their respective ingots with cooling rate. We found that obtained with cast metal ingots showed superior properties to the ingots obtained with sand mold

Caracterização microestrutural de junta soldada com arco submerso e análise da propagação de trincas em um tubo de aço API X 70

In this work a study of an API 5L X70 steel, which is used in the manufacture of oil and gas pipelines, has been made. This class of steel show high strength and ductility values, and has been increasingly studied due the growing demand of oil and natural gas, which in consequence, increases the needing of new pipelines to transport them. The material studied has been directly taken from a tube provided by TenarisConfab, and a special attention has been given to the fatigue crack growth rate study, which proved that a crack will grow at different rates according to the tube position where it is growing

Braquiterapia com sementes de iodo-125: manufatura e tratamento

According to the National Institute of Cancer – INCA, 466.730 new cancer cases will occur in Brazil in 2009. Prostate and Lung cancer in man are the most incident types (in exception of the non-melanoma cancer). The brachytherapy with 125-iodine sources is an important method of prostate cancer treatment. The implant with iodine-125 seeds uses aproximately 100 seeds that are imported impossibilitating the treatment in large scale. For this reason, a multidisciplinary group was created at the Energetic and Nuclear Research Institute – Radiation Technology Center (IPEN –CTR / SP) to develop a national 125-iodine source and established a facility for local production. The seeds manufacture in Brazil will diminish the cost of treatment and prostate brachytherapy will be offered to more patients. This work aim is to observe and discuss the methods used in seeds manufacture there are being developed in Brazil and to present an prostate cancer case folloied in A.C. Camargo Hospital. The 125-iodine is adsorbed in an silver wire, then deposited at titanium coat. The weld is made by an process of plasm sealing. The seeds goes through several test to guarantee that there is no leakage. The result is an high quality and cheaper product. The implant tecnique is an fast and save procedure. The medical physicst preplan the case to stipulate the quantity of seeds there will be used. At the dat of the implant the medical physicst replan the procedure due to changes of volume in the organ. That assure the correct dose distribution in the target. Besides, the 125-iodine low energy is absorbed at the volume of interrest saving sourronding healthy tissues such as the rectum and the urethra

Estudo da viscosidade do sangue: quantidade de amostra necessária à obtenção de medida

Os valores encontrados para a viscosidade sanguínea tendem a aparecer com diferenças significativas, de acordo com o sexo, avançar da idade e uso de substâncias. Pelo fato de o sangue ser um fluido não newtoniano, não podemos expressar sua viscosidade em termos absolutos sem que sejam levadas em conta as condições em que a mensuração é feita. Estudos anteriores destacaram a importância esta medida, considerando o efeito da idade, o uso de substâncias, bem como sua relação com Fluxo Sanguíneo Regional Cerebral, o que pode indicar correlação com declínios cognitivos. Entretanto, a prática médica carece ainda de um método simples e clinicamente prático para a verificação desta medida, além de valores de referência. Como passo inicial no sentido de padronizar os procedimentos e condições do processo de medição, avaliamos a quantidade mínima de amostra necessária para a medição da viscosidade sanguínea, utilizando este equipamento. Um total de 20 amostras de sangue foram coletadas de indivíduos saudáveis, entre 18 e 60 anos, em tubos com EDTA, e cada amostra dividida em 9 sub-amostras (de 600μl, 550μl, 500μl, 450μl, 400μl, 350μl, 300μl, 250μl e 200μl), totalizando, portanto, um total de aproximadamente 180 medições. A quantidade de 200 μl apresentou diferenças significativas com relação à primeira medida obtida, quando comparada com todas as demais quantidades (p<0,001), o que indica que com o uso desta quantidade, não é possível obter resultados confiáveis, pois existe alteração nos valores de VS obtidos relacionada à quantidade de material utilizado. Considerando a menor quantidade, bem como, que estivesse dentro da faixa de variação aceitável de 0,2 mPa.s, e a qual não apresentasse diferença significativa quando comparadas às demais (p>0,05), foi verificada a quantidade de 250 μl como a mais eficiente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Descoloração e degradação de corantes têxteis por cianobactérias

The objective of the present work was to investigate the potential of cyanobacteria isolated from different environments in decolorizing eleven different types of textile dyes. For inoculum preparation 50 ml of BG-11 medium were used for the cyanobacteria Leptolyngbia CENA103, Leptolyngbia CENA104 and Phormidium autumnale UTEX1580 and 50 ml of SWBG-11 medium for Phormidium sp., Leptolyngbya sp. and Synecochoccus sp. Test tubes containing 10 ml of liquid medium and 0.02% of each dye (remazol, indigo blue, indanthrene blue RCL, drimaren blue CL-R, dispersol blue C-2R, drimaren red CL-5B, dispersol red C- 4G, indanthrene red FBB, drimaren yellow CL-R, palanil yellow 3G and indanthrene yellow 5GF) were inoculated with cyanobacteria. A spectrophotometer was used to verify the maximum absorbance of each dye and the percentage of decolorization and also thin layer chromatography (TLC). The results showed that all the tested cyanobacteria were capable to remove more than 50% of some dyes. The present study confirmed the capacity of cyanobacteria in decolorize and possibly degrade structurally different textile dyes, suggesting the possibility of their application in bioremediation studies. The data are promising, and will lead to further studies of dye degradation and its toxicicity.

Estudo de falhas por fadiga em caldeiras

In recent years, increasing demand for energy has led to studies to increase the amount of electricity produced. Due to this fact, more and more boilers are becoming important sources of electricity generation. To raise the efficiency of energy generated in the boilers is necessary to raise the steam pressure and temperature to values previously unimaginable. The use of more resistant materials and maintenance practices and most appropriate operation made it possible. The objective of this study is to test the main types of failure in a chemical recovery boiler, in particular due to fatigue in the superheater, because it is a component subjected to high temperatures and thus more subject to different failures. In this manner this study aims to reduce the incidence of unscheduled maintenance shutdowns, increasing the operation time under appropriate conditions. Modeling performed in this study, the failure did not occur, because we considered only the mechanical stress. Under normal conditions, mechanical stress in combination with thermal stresses can cause cracks in the tubes due to cyclical stresses, leading to fatigue failure

Gama Câmara CZT: alteração de paradigmas em aquisição de imagens de medicina nuclear

Nuclear medicine is a medical specialty related to imagery that deals with imaging techniques, diagnosis and therapy, allowing observing the physiological state of tissues noninvasively by marking the molecules participating of these physiological processes with radioactive isotopes, thus creating the called radionuclides. The image of a radionuclide is one of the most important applications of radioactivity in nuclear medicine. The equipment’s of nuclear medicine imaging use the principle of radiation detection, turning it into an electrical signal which, through specific algorithms, allows forming tomographic images that provide information about the functional status of organs. New detection systems have been developed for tomographic acquisitions using solid state detectors. These devices use crystals of cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe). Some of the advantages of this detector are a significant improvement of signal to noise ratio, the increased spectral and spatial resolution, which in sum, result in greater clarity of the images obtained, opening new perspectives for imaging protocols previously unattainable. In contrast, all other gamma-cameras equipped with vacuum tubes have remained relatively unchanged for nearly fifty years. In these gamma-cameras, the images are obtained using two steps significantly less efficient: the gamma rays are converted to light through a first device, and then the light is converted into an electrical signal through a second device. One of functions the Medical Physicist is related to the quality control of equipment. This control ensures that the information and images provided are true and thus credible to be used in medical reports. To perform this type of analysis the physicist must understand the performance characteristics and operation of all equipment of the department concerned; besides, in the absence of specific legislation, proposing...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Condições higiênico-sanitárias e de manejo de rebanhos leiteiros correlacionados à qualidade do leite cru refrigerado

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Análise dos parâmetros técnicos e econômicos do aquecedor solar a vácuo, visando economia de energia

This work is about a development of a vacuum solar water heater. To accomplish this, some measurements were made, such as flow, water temperature and room temperature, relative humidity, solar power density and wind speed. It first presents a brief explanation about the global situation in relation to the accelerated use of exhaustible energy sources which can result in a breakdown of these for future generations. From this, is proposed to analyze this solar water heater with vacuum tubes during the winter season in Brazil southeastern region, under different environmental conditions. From such ideas became possible to prove through the experimental part, calculations and graphical results that technology and the performance of this device are technical and economically viable, according to the life cycle of this. It was also found that the average monthly production in a maximum heat stroke situation was 193,33kWh and minimum isolation was 57,76kWh. This reveals that this instrument should start to be examined more closely by all, as a way to reduce the use of electricity, which will protect the environment without reducing the comfort of people

Aplicação de adesivos estruturais em painéis de carros

The automobile industry is increasingly interested in reducing vehicle weight for greater speed, lower fuel consumption and emissions, through innovation of materials and processes. One way to do this is to seek the replacement of conventional processes by the use of structural adhesives. Structural adhesives are highly resistant materials, which can replace rivets, bolts and welds allowing the substrate / adhesive assemble is stronger than the substrate itself. One of the major advantages of gluing with respect to welding is its esthetic appearance, since it does not leave marks. For this reason, parts to be soldered require a minimum thickness so that the marks do not appear, since the pieces from gluing have no restriction as to the thickness. By replacing the vibration welding process for gluing process of the instrument panel parts of an automobile, one obtains a reduction of the thickness of the parts and therefore it decreases the weight of the car. This work aims to study the various structural adhesives that already exist on the market to be applied on the instrument panel. The mechanical test performed to measure the maximum adhesive strength was the Lap Shear Test at 23°C (room temperature), -35°C and 85°C. The types of adhesives used were the hot-melt and the bi-component. By the results obtained, it is in favor using the bi-component for application to the union of instrument panel parts

Estudo de tensões residuais em juntas soldadas utilizando o método dos elementos finitos

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Efeitos do treinamento funcional sobre a composição corporal, aptidão funcional e perfil lipídico de mulheres na pós-menopausa

Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia - FCT

Aplicação de conjugado de microesferas de poliestireno para preparo de RNA no diagnóstico da cinomose canina por RT-qPCR

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Biocompatibilidade da terapia fotodinâmica: estudo in vitro e in vivo

Pós-graduação em Ciência Odontólogica - FOA