Debris flow susceptibility mapping at a regional scale along the National Road N7, Argentina

A first assessment of debris flow susceptibility at a large scale was performed along the National Road N7, Argentina. Numerous catchments are prone to debris flows and likely to endanger the road-users. A 1:50,000 susceptibility map was created. The use of a DEM (grid 30 m) associated to three complementary criteria (slope, contributing area, curvature) allowed the identification of potential source areas. The debris flow spreading was estimated using a process- and GISbased model (Flow-R) based on basic probabilistic and energy calculations. The best-fit values for the coefficient of friction and the mass-to-drag ratio of the PCM model were found to be ? = 0.02 and M/D = 180 and the resulting propagation on one of the calibration site was validated using the Coulomb friction model. The results are realistic and will be useful to determine which areas need to be prioritized for detailed studies.

Plan de Gestión de la red de senderos ecoturísticos de la Sierra de San Javier, Tucumán- Argentina

El “Parque Sierra de San Javier” és un espai natural al costat d’ un gran nucli urbà, San Miguel de Tucumán (Argentina). A la Sierra es troba la comuna de San Javier, on s’ ha creat el CIC (Centre Integrador Comunitari). És a partir del CIC que s’ elabora un pla integral que inclou el projecte d’ ecoturisme. Aquest projecte es basa en una gestió de la xarxa de camins existents a la Sierra. Es fa un inventari de cadascun dels camins de la xarxa i s’ analitza cadascun d’ ells amb uns índexs de potencial paisatgístic i interpretatiu i es valora també la seva conservació. A partir d’ aquests valors es planteja un pla d’ actuació de recuperació i manteniment, i un pla d’ actuació turística en el que es millora l’ estat del camí; s’ intal•len panells informatius i senyalització. El projecte conté les fitxes d’ informació de cadascun dels itineraris amb un mapa i amb d’ altres informacions d’ interès pels usuaris dels senders

An analysis of the metabolic patterns of two rural communities affected by soy expansion in the North of Argentina

The soy expansion model in Argentina generates structural changes in traditional lifestyles that can be associated with different biophysical and socioeconomic impacts. To explore this issue, we apply an innovative method for integrated assessment - the Multi Scale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism (MuSIASEM) framework - to characterize two communities in the Chaco Region, Province of Formosa, North of Argentina. These communities have recently experienced the expansion of soy production, altering their economic activity, energy consumption patterns, land use, and human time allocation. The integrated characterization presented in the paper illustrates the differences (biophysical, socioeconomic, and historical) between the two communities that can be associated with different responses. The analysis of the factors behind these differences has important policy implications for the sustainable development of local communities in the area.

The Impact of Trade on Technology and Skill Upgrading Evidence from Argentina

In the last 20 years, wage inequality has increased in many developing countries. Most research on this topic focuses on two alternative causes: trade or skill-biased technical change. Several empirical studies in both developed and developing countries document increases in skill intensity within all sectors, favoring the technological change explanation over trade. Instead, I present and test a model where bilateral trade liberalization increases exporting revenues inducing more firms to enter the export market and to adopt skilled-biased new technologies. I find that the increase in the relative demand of skilled labor does not come from labor reallocation across sectors or firms but from skill upgrading within firms. Firms that upgrade technology faster also upgrade skill faster. Finally, firms entering the export market after liberalization become more skill and technology-intensive than non exporters.

Global Prospects for Dairy in Argentina and Chile: Evidence from Field Visits and Model Simulations, August 2006

We assess the international competitiveness of the dairy industries in Argentina and Chile, combining recent market intelligence gathered from field visits with quantitative simulations of global policy reform scenarios. Both countries exhibit strong potential for export growth but face significant internal and external barriers to expanding their dairy industries. Global policy reforms would resolve some of the international obstacles to their expansion. Argentina has great potential, but it is handicapped by its current macroeconomic policies, trade policy distortions, and the uncertainty associated with policy implementation. Chile is more limited in terms of natural capacity for expansion, but it has a positive trade and investment environment.

Efetividade no diagnóstico da tuberculose em Foz do Iguaçu, tríplice fronteira Brasil, Paraguai e Argentina

Objetivou-se avaliar a efetividade dos serviços de saúde no diagnóstico da tuberculose em Foz do Iguaçu-PR. Realizou-se uma pesquisa avaliativa, com desenho epidemiológico transversal. Foram entrevistados 101 doentes de tuberculose em 2009, utilizando um instrumento baseado no Primary Care Assessment Tool . A análise ocorreu a partir de proporções e respectivos intervalos de confiança (95%) e mediana. O Pronto Atendimento (37%) e a Atenção Básica à Saúde (ABS) (36%) foram os locais mais buscados. O acesso à consulta no mesmo dia alcançou 70%, mas a suspeição da doença foi menor que 47%; a baciloscopia realizada em 50% dos doentes. Concluiu-se que apesar desses serviços atenderem rapidamente, isso não determinou alcance do diagnóstico, levando o doente a procurar os serviços especializados, mais efetivos na descoberta dos casos. A busca pela ABS gerou maior tempo e maior número de retornos para o diagnóstico da tuberculose na tríplice fronteira.

Mito, tragedia y metateatro en el teatro espanol del siglo XX : ensayo sobre el cuerpo y la conciencia en el drama

RÉSUMÉMythe, tragédie et méta-théâtre sont des termes techniques provenant de disciplines comme l'anthropologie, l'histoire, la théorie et la critique littéraires. Malgré le fait que l'on puisse les assigner à des périodes historiques déterminées, ce sont des notions qui ont encore un sens à la fois actuel (elles sont indispensables pour comprendre le théâtre contemporain) et concret (à travers les différentes poétiques qui les reconfigurent, elles affectent le spectateur d'une certaine façon, ont un effet déterminé sur son corps et sa conscience). Je propose donc de les définir synthétiquement en fonction de l'effet qu'ils produisent sur le spectateur qui est conçu comme une unité de corps et de conscience. Le corps étant défini comme le lieu des émotions, la conscience sera la connaissance que le sujet acquiert de soi et du monde en fonction de ces émotions. Or, le mûthos génère des émotions que la tragédie purge à travers le phénomène de la catharsis. En revanche, le méta-théâtre interrompt le processus émotif de la conscience. Tout en appuyant mes définitions sur des notions de psychologie, neurologie et physique quantique, j'oppose tragédie et méta-théâtre de la façon suivante: la tragédie produit une forme de conscience incarnée chez le spectateur, alors que le méta-théâtre n'aboutit qu'à une forme de conscience cartésienne ou vision désincarnée. J'applique ensuite cette conception à une série de pièces importantes de l'histoire du théâtre espagnol au XXe siècle qui comportent toutes une part de réécriture d'un ou de plusieurs mythes. Je constate une généralisation du traitement méta-théâtral de la réécriture, au détriment non du tragique, mais de la tragédie proprement dite. Par conséquent, je diagnostique un déficit d'incarnation dans le théâtre espagnol au XXe siècle.

Prensa escrita y poder político en Argentina (2007-2013) : estudio de caso sobre Papel Prensa S.A.

Papel Prensa es l’ única empresa argentina fabricant de paper per a consum dels diaris. Els grups Clarín i La Nación han estat els seus accionistes majoritaris des del 1976, desprès del cop d’ Estat cívic militar. El Govern va aconseguir aprovar el mes de desembre del 2011 una llei que declarava “d’interès públic” la producció, comercialització i distribució de paper per a diaris. El conflicte desfermat pel control de l’empresa paperera enfronta al poder executiu amb el poder dels grups de comunicació tradicionals amb una més gran influència social i també política. L’ anàlisi de les informacions i opinions publicades mostren la progressiva polarització del país

La Contribución al desarrollo humano de las políticas públicas de TIC para la educación en los países del Cono Sur (Argentina, Chile y Uruguay)

Aquesta investigació estudia la contribució al Desenvolupament Humà de les polítiques publiques de TIC per a l’Educació als països del Cono Sur (Argentina, Xile i Uruguai). Aquests països van al capdavant de la regió en temes de TIC, Educació i Desenvolupament, així doncs l’objectiu final es veure si les polítiques publiques que enfatitzen en aspectes vinculats al Desenvolupament Humà afavoreixen el desenvolupament del països. Per a això s’han analitzat les Agendes Digitals dels països seleccionats en base a una matriu d’anàlisi creada específicamente per a aquesta investigación i construïda amb indicadors vinculats al Desenvolupament Humà

The impact of trade liberalization on skill upgrading. Evidence from Argentina

In this paper I study the effects of a regional free trade agreement on the demand for skill.I start by documenting a series of facts to shed light on the determinants of a steep increasein the relative demand of skilled labor in a panel of Argentinean industrial firms covering thetrade liberalization period. First, this is not explained by labor reallocation across industriesor firms but by skill upgrading within firms. Second, exporters upgrade skill faster than nonexporters. Third, firms upgrading skill also upgrade technology. These findings are consistentwith a model where a reduction in trading partner s tariffs induces the most productive firms(exporters) to adopt skill-intensive production technologies. Indeed, I find that the reduction inBrazil s tariffs induces the most productive Argentinean firms to upgrade skill, while the leastproductive ones downgrade. One third of the increase in the relative demand for skill can beattributed to the reduction in Brazil s tariffs.

Las Dactylopiidae y Diaspididae (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) de la Colección Kenneth Hayward, Tucumán, Argentina

Se estudió la colección Kenneth Hayward depositada parte en el Instituto Miguel Lillo (IMLA) y parte en la Estación Experimental Agroindustrial "Obispo Colombres" (EEAOC) de Tucumán, Argentina. Se citan cuatro especies de Dactylopiidae y 32 de Diaspididae con sus respectivas plantas huéspedes. Se redescribe e ilustra a Duplaspidiotus koehleri Lizer y Trelles y Pallulaspis lantanae Green & Laing, descriptas originalmente para la Argentina. Se cita por primera vez al género Rugaspidiotus Mc Gillivary para la Argentina.

Analysis of past and future dam formation and failure in the Santa Cruz River (San Juan province, Argentina)

Around 11.5 * 106 m3 of rock detached from the eastern slope of the Santa Cruz valley (San Juan province, Argentina) in the first fortnight of January 2005. The rockslide?debris avalanche blocked the course, resulting in the development of a lake with maximum length of around 3.5 km. The increase in the inflow rate from 47,000?74,000 m3/d between April and October to 304,000 m3/d between late October and the first fortnight of November, accelerated the growing rate of the lake. On 12 November 2005 the dam failed, releasing 24.6 * 106 m3 of water. The resulting outburst flood caused damages mainly on infrastructure, and affected the facilities of a hydropower dam which was under construction 250 km downstream from the source area. In this work we describe causes and consequences of the natural dam formation and failure, and we dynamically model the 2005 rockslide?debris avalanche with DAN3D. Additionally, as a volume ~ 24 * 106 m3of rocks still remain unstable in the slope, we use the results of the back analysis to forecast the formation of a future natural dam. We analyzed two potential scenarios: a partial slope failure of 6.5 * 106 m3 and a worst case where all the unstable volume remaining in the slope fails. The spreading of those potential events shows that a new blockage of the Santa Cruz River is likely to occur. According to their modeled morphometry and the contributing watershed upstream the blockage area, as the one of 2005, the dams would also be unstable. This study shows the importance of back and forward analysis that can be carried out to obtain critical information for land use planning, hazards mitigation, and emergency management.

A synopsis of the Hydrometra (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Hydrometridae) from the Amazon River floodplain, Brazil, with redescription of Hydrometra argentina Berg

Hydrometra argentina Berg, 1879, H. caraiba Guérin-Méneville, 1857 and H. guianana Hungerford & Evans, 1934 are newly recorded in the Amazon River floodplain, Brazil. A redescription of H. argentina is also given, as the original description is incomplete. A key to the three known species occurring in this region is provided. Hydrometra argentina can be distinguished from H. caraiba and H. guianana by the body length smaller than 12.50 mm, anteoculus/postoculus ratio between 1.80 and 2.00, clypeus narrow and conical, metacetabulum with no circular pits, and projections on male abdominal sternite VI in the shape of simple spines. The other species can be distinguished mainly by the anteoculus/postoculus ratio and position of projections on male abdominal sternite VI.

Espécies novas de Anthrenoides Ducke (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Andreninae) da Argentina

São descritas e ilustradas as seguintes espécies: A calderensis sp. nov., A. cordobensis sp. nov., A. gibberosus sp. nov., A. neffi sp. nov., A. punctatus sp. nov., A. saltensis sp. nov., A. sanpedroi sp. nov., A. tucumanus sp. nov. e A. villaguayensis sp. nov. É apresentada uma chave para a sua identificação.

Espécies novas de Tomosvaryella Aczél (Diptera, Pipunculidae) da Argentina e chave para as espécies Sul-americanas

Duas espécies novas de Tomosvaryella Aczél são descritas para a Argentina, Tomosvaryella lobata sp. nov. e Tomosvaryella platypoda sp. nov.; uma chave de identificação para as espécies sul-americanas de Tomosvaryella é apresentada e são fornecidos registros novos de espécies de Tomosvaryella para o Brasil e Argentina.