Protocylindrocorpus brasiliensis n. sp. (Diplogastroidea: Cylindrocorporidae) associated with the ambrosia beetle, Euplatypus parallelus (f.) (Curculionidae: Platypodinae) in para rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis)

Protocylindrocorpus brasiliensis n. sp. (Diplogastroidea: Cylindrocorporidae) is described from reproductive stages removed from galleries of the ambrosia beetle, Euplatypus parallelus (F.) (Curculionidae: Platypodinae) in Para rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) in Brazil. This is the first record of the genus Protocylindrocorpus from the Neotropics. Males of P. brasiliensis are quite striking because their long spicules extend up to 72% of their total body length. The adults exhibit conspecific agglutination where they congregate in a slimy substance that serves to maintain them in a coherent group for mating. Some of the adults were infected by fungal and protozoan pathogens, implying that disease plays a role in regulating natural populations. The discovery of P. brasiliensis provides new information on nematode structure, behavior, and ecology.

Avaliação da importância de habitats secundários para a manutenção de abelhas silvestres em áreas agrícolas

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBRC

Efeitos da redução da concentração de sódio na solução de hemodiálise e no conteúdo de sódio da dieta sobre a resposta inflamatória de pacientes com doença renal crônica

Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

Efeito da vitamina D sobre o equilíbrio postural em mulheres na pós-menopausa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Exercício físico resistido em pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise: ensaio clínico randomizado controlado

Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia - FCT

Low-dose combined oral contraceptive use is associated with lower bone mineral content variation in adolescents over a 1-year period

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Bone mineral density in healthy female adolescents according to age, bone age and pubertal breast stage

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of vitamin D supplementation alone on muscle function in postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

The present study investigates the effects of vitamin D on muscle function in postmenopausal women. It has been shown that vitamin D supplementation in postmenopausal women with hypovitaminosis D provides significant protective factor against sarcopenia, with significant increases in muscle strength and control of progressive loss of lean mass. We aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of vitamin D (VITD) alone on muscle function in younger postmenopausal women. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 160 Brazilian postmenopausal women were randomized into two groups: VITD group consisting of patients receiving vitamin D3 1000 IU/day orally (n = 80) or placebo group (n = 80). Women with amenorrhea for more than 12 months and age 50-65 years, with a history of falls (previous 12 months), were included. The intervention time was 9 months, with assessments at two points, start and end. Lean mass was estimated by total-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and muscle strength by handgrip strength and chair rising test. The plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Statistical analysis was by intention to treat (ITT), using ANOVA, Student's t test, and Tukey's test. After 9 months, average values of 25(OH)D increased from 15.0 ± 7.5 to 27.5 ± 10.4 ng/ml (+45.4 %) in the VITD group and decreased from 16.9 ± 6.7 to 13.8 ± 6.0 ng/ml (-18.5 %) in the placebo group (p < 0.001). In the VITD group, there was significant increase in muscle strength (+25.3 %) of the lower limbs by chair rising test (p = 0.036). In women in the placebo group, there was considerable loss (-6.8 %) in the lean mass (p = 0.030). The supplementation of vitamin D alone in postmenopausal women provided significant protective factor against the occurrence of sarcopenia, with significant increases in muscle strength and control of progressive loss of lean mass.

PS-042c is low-dose combined oral contraceptives use associated to lower bone mineral content variation in adolescents over a one-year period?

Background Low dose combined oral contraceptives (COC) can interfere in bone mass acquisition during adolescence. To evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in female adolescents taking a standard low-dose (EE 20 µg/Desogestrel 150 µg) combination oral contraceptive (COC) over a one-year period and compare with healthy adolescents from the same age group not taking COCs.Methods A non-randomised parallel control study with one-year follow-up. Sixty-seven adolescents from 12 to 20 years of age, divided into COC users (n = 41) taking 20 µg EE/150 µg Desogestrel and non-user controls (n = 26), were evaluated through bone densitometry examinations at baseline and 12 months later. Comparisons between groups at study start was done through the Mann-Whitney test with significance level fixed at 5% or corresponding p value; comparisons between groups at study start and 12 months later used variations in median percentages for bone mass variables.Results COC users presented low bone mass acquisition in the lumbar spine and BMD and BMC median variations between baseline and at 12 months of 2.07% and +1.57% respectively whereas the control group presented variations of +12.16% and +16.84% for BMD and BMC, respectively, over the same period. The total body BMD and BMC presented similar evolution during the study in both groups. Statistical significance (pConclusion The use of a low COC dose (EE 20 µg/Desogestrel 150 µg) was associated to lower bone mass acquisition in adolescents during the study period.Trial registration: (Register Number):RBR-5 h9b3c

Análise multivariada na diferenciaçãoentre manejos de solos cultivados com café

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos do treinamento físico aeróbio sobre o processo inflamatório e apoptótico em neurônios hipotalâmicos de controle da fome em camundongos obesos induzidos por dieta hiperlipídica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeitos do treinamento físico aeróbio sobre o processo inflamatório e apoptótico em neurônios hipotalâmicos de controle da fome em camundongos obesos induzidos por dieta hiperlipídica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Creatine supplementation reduces oxidative stress biomarkers after acute exercise in rats

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of creatine supplementation on muscle and plasma markers of oxidative stress after acute aerobic exercise. A total of 64 Wistar rats were divided into two groups: control group (n = 32) and creatine-supplemented group (n = 32). Creatine supplementation consisted of the addition of 2% creatine monohydrate to the diet. After 28 days, the rats performed an acute moderate aerobic exercise bout (1-h swimming with 4% of total body weight load). The animals were killed before (pre) and at 0, 2 and 6 h (n = 8) after acute exercise. As expected, plasma and total muscle creatine concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the creatine-supplemented group compared to control. Acute exercise increased plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and total lipid hydroperoxide. The same was observed in the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles. Creatine supplementation decreased these markers in plasma (TBARS: pre 6%, 0 h 25%, 2 h 27% and 6 h 20%; plasma total lipid hydroperoxide: pre 38%, 0 h 24%, 2 h 12% and 6 h 20%, % decrease). Also, acute exercise decreased the GSH/GSSG ratio in soleus muscle, which was prevented by creatine supplementation (soleus: pre 8%, 0 h 29%, 2 h 30% and 6 h 44%, % prevention). The results show that creatine supplementation inhibits increased oxidative stress markers in plasma and muscle induced by acute exercise.

Risks, Benefits, and Therapeutic Potential of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Autoimmune Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that results from the autoimmune response against pancreatic insulin producing beta cells. Apart of several insulin regimens, since the decade of 80s various immunomodulatory regimens were tested aiming at blocking some steps of the autoimmune process against beta cell mass and at promoting beta cell preservation. In the last years, some independent research groups tried to cure type 1 diabetes with an "immunologic reset" provided by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in newly diagnosed patients, and the majority of patients became free form insulin with increasing levels of C-peptide along the time. In this review, we discuss the biology of hematopoietic stem cells and the possible advantages and disadvantages related to the high dose immunosuppression followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Liposuction induces a compensatory increase of visceral fat which is effectively counteracted by physical activity: a randomized trial

Context: Liposuction is suggested to result in long-term body fat regain that could lead to increased cardiometabolic risk. We hypothesized that physical activity could prevent this effect. Objective: Our objective was to investigate the effects of liposuction on body fat distribution and cardiometabolic risk factors in women who were either exercise trained or not after surgery. Design, Setting, and Participants: Thirty-six healthy normal-weight women participated in this 6-month randomized controlled trial at the University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Interventions: Patients underwent a small-volume abdominal liposuction. Two months after surgery, the subjects were randomly allocated into two groups: trained (TR, n = 18, 4-month exercise program) and nontrained (NT, n = 18). Main Outcome Measures: Body fat distribution (assessed by computed tomography) was assessed before the intervention (PRE) and 2 months (POST2), and 6 months (POST6) after surgery. Secondary outcome measures included body composition, metabolic parameters and dietary intake, assessed at PRE, POST2, and POST6, and total energy expenditure, physical capacity, and sc adipocyte size and lipid metabolism-related gene expression, assessed at PRE and POST6. Results: Liposuction was effective in reducing sc abdominal fat (PRE vs. POST2, P = 0.0001). Despite the sustained sc abdominal fat decrement at POST6 (P = 0.0001), the NT group showed a significant 10% increase in visceral fat from PRE to POST6 (P = 0.04; effect size = -0.72) and decreased energy expenditure (P = 0.01; effect size = 0.95) when compared with TR. Dietary intake, adipocyte size, and gene expression were unchanged over time. Conclusion: Abdominal liposuction does not induce regrowth of fat, but it does trigger a compensatory increase of visceral fat, which is effectively counteracted by physical activity. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97: 2388-2395, 2012)