999 resultados para Siukonen, Jyrki: Mies palavassa hatussa : professori Johan Welinin maailma


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Nimiösivulla myös: Saksasta suomeksi käännetty. - Nimiösivulla myös motto: Kussa synti on suureksi tuttu, siinä on armo ylönpaltiseksi tuttu. (Rom. 5,20).

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Tutkielmani aiheena on Johan Nykoppin toiminta Suomen Washingtonin -lähettiläänä vuosina 1951–1958. Tutkimuskirjallisuudessa Nykoppia on kuvailtu länsimieliseksi lähettilääksi, joka pyrki työssään vahvistamaan Suomen läntisiä talousyhteyksiä harvinaisen aktiivisesti. Pelkästään häntä koskevaa tutkimusta ei kuitenkaan aiemmin ole tehty. Työssäni selvitän, miten Nykopp käytännössä edisti tavoitettaan Suomen viennin kasvattamisesta ja sen suuntaamisesta länteen. Lisäksi tarkastelen, miten hän kuvasi raporteissaan Suomen ja Yhdysvaltain suhteita ja millaista politiikkaa hän suositteli niissä kotimaan päättäjille. Lähteinä käytän pääasiassa Nykoppin diplomaattiraportteja sekä kirjeenvaihtoa lähettiläskauden ajalta. Niiden antamaa kuvaa täydennän tutkimus- ja muistelmakirjallisuuden avulla. Osoitan tutkielmassani, että Nykoppilla oli lähettiläskautensa aikana merkittävä panos Suomen ja Yhdysvaltain suhteiden kehittämisessä. Tutkimustulokseni vahvistavat tulkintaa, jonka mukaan Nykoppin toimintaa Suomen ulkomaankaupan laajentamiseksi ja integroimiseksi läntisille markkinoille on pidettävä poikkeuksellisen oma-aloitteisena ja ahkerana. Hänen toimintansa voi myös nähdä vastapainona ajanjakson yleiselle kehitystrendille, Suomen idänkaupan voimakkaalle kasvulle. Tutkielma täydentää siten kuvaa Suomen ulko- ja kauppapolitiikasta kylmän sodan alkuvuosina sekä Suomen ja Yhdysvaltain suhteiden kehityksestä 1950-luvulla.

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Pro gradu –tutkielman tarkoitus oli selvittää mitä teemoja nuorten yhteiskuntatakuusta, tunnetummin nuorisotakuusta, nousi esille eduskunnan täysistuntokeskusteluissa vuonna 2013. Lisäksi tavoitteena oli tarkastella muodostuiko asioista eriäviä näkemyksiä puolueiden välille sekä oliko eduskuntakeskusteluissa havaittavissa yhtenäisyyttä tai hajontaa hallitus—oppositio tai vasemmisto—oikeisto –asetelmassa. Metodillisesti tutkimus on laadullista tutkimusta ja sisällönanalyysiä sekä sivuaa diskurssianalyysia ja poliittisen retoriikan tarkastelua. Nuorten yhteiskuntatakuu on kirjattu Jyrki Kataisen hallituksen (2011–2015) hallitusohjelmaan ja nimetty yhdeksi hallituskauden kärkihankkeeksi. Nuorisotakuu tuli täysimääräisenä voimaan vuoden 2013 alusta. Täysistunnoissa suurimpia teemoja, jotka hallitsivat nuorisotakuusta käytävää keskustelua olivat takuun rahalliset resurssit, nuorten palveluprosessien sujuvoittaminen, koulutukseen kohdistuvat leikkaukset sekä nuorten nopeampi siirtyminen työelämään. Hankkeena nuorisotakuu ja sen tavoitteet saivat vahvan tuen koko puoluekentältä, mutta oppositiopuolueiden, keskustan ja Perussuomalaisten, edustajat kritisoivat takuulle varattuja resursseja riittämättömäksi. Myös hallituksen suunnittelemien koulutusleikkauksien oppositiopuolueet kokivat olevan ristiriidassa koulutustakuun kanssa ja epäoikeudenmukaisena pidettiin etenkin leikkausten alueellista kohdentumista. Hallituspuolueet pitivät nuorisotakuuta merkittävänä panostuksena nuoriin ja tulevaisuuteen. Hallitusta jakoivat kuitenkin esimerkiksi kysymykset nuorisotakuun velvoittavuudesta sekä oppivelvollisuusiän mahdollisesta pidentämisestä vuodella. Nuorten saattaminen työelämään ja oppisopimus-koulutus yhtenä väylänä puhutti kansanedustajia laajasti. Nuorten työllisyydestä ja työllistämisestä puhuttaessa oikeiston puolelta toivottiin joustavampia työmarkkinoita, jotta kynnys palkata uusia ja nuoria työntekijöitä madaltuisi.

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SIN FINANCIACIÓN

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Questo elaborato nasce dalla necessità di approfondire, formare e informare su BES e DSA, che è ormai parte della realtà scolastica di oggi ed in continua evoluzione ed aggiornamento. In particolare è utile per entrare nel mondo dell'insegnamento, conoscere e studiare alcune strategie e strumenti didattici che facilitano chi presenta DSA e le conseguenze nell'ambito matematico, in modo tale da evitare il senso di incapacità e inadeguatezza che a volte accompagna questi ragazzi durante gli studi, portandoli ad esperienze negative. Nel primo capitolo si definisce il significato di BES, la sua classificazione e legislazione nel corso degli anni, con un excursus storico che tratta i temi dell'inclusione e integrazione. Nel secondo capitolo si definiscono i DSA e le diverse tipologie del disturbo e si fa riferimento alla Legge 170 del 2010, che prevede misure educative e didattiche e interventi individualizzati e personalizzati da attuare nei confronti di studenti con DSA, previsti nel PDP. Vengono presentati anche i dati raccolti dal MIUR per quanto riguarda le statistiche sulla popolazione scolastica con DSA. Il secondo capitolo si conclude con una visione su quello che è il tema degli stereotipi legati al mondo dei DSA e dei relativi effetti psicologici che ne conseguono. Il terzo capitolo entra nel merito dell'insegnamento della matematica per alunni con discalculia nella scuola secondaria di secondo grado e lo studio di quelle che sono le difficoltà che si possono incontrare. Nel quarto capitolo viene presentato un questionario in versione studenti e versione docente, con l'obiettivo di rilevare il livello di informazione diffusa tra gli studenti e i docenti della scuola secondaria di secondo grado e l'importanza percepita di essere aggiornati sul tema. Nel quinto capitolo viene presentato un esempio di Unità di Apprendimento, con percorso individualizzato per studenti con DSA, sui polinomi e i prodotti notevoli in particolare.

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The Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) and its clinical, industry and disease-foundation partners are launching open-source preclinical translational medicine studies.

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

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The presence of stem cell characteristics in glioma cells raises the possibility that mechanisms promoting the maintenance and self-renewal of tissue specific stem cells have a similar function in tumor cells. Here we characterized human gliomas of various malignancy grades for the expression of stem cell regulatory proteins. We show that cells in high grade glioma co-express an array of markers defining neural stem cells (NSCs) and that these proteins can fulfill similar functions in tumor cells as in NSCs. However, in contrast to NSCs glioma cells co-express neural proteins together with pluripotent stem cell markers, including the transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Nanog and Klf4. In line with this finding, in high grade gliomas mesodermal-and endodermal-specific transcription factors were detected together with neural proteins, a combination of lineage markers not normally present in the central nervous system. Persistent presence of pluripotent stem cell traits could only be detected in solid tumors, and observations based on in vitro studies and xenograft transplantations in mice imply that this presence is dependent on the combined activity of intrinsic and extrinsic regulatory cues. Together these results demonstrate a general deregulated expression of neural and pluripotent stem cell traits in malignant human gliomas, and indicate that stem cell regulatory factors may provide significant targets for therapeutic strategies.

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Background: Community and clinical data have suggested there is an association between trauma exposure and suicidal behavior (i.e., suicide ideation, plans and attempts). However, few studies have assessed which traumas are uniquely predictive of: the first onset of suicidal behavior, the progression from suicide ideation to plans and attempts, or the persistence of each form of suicidal behavior over time. Moreover, few data are available on such associations in developing countries. The current study addresses each of these issues. Methodology/Principal Findings: Data on trauma exposure and subsequent first onset of suicidal behavior were collected via structured interviews conducted in the households of 102,245 (age 18+) respondents from 21 countries participating in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. Bivariate and multivariate survival models tested the relationship between the type and number of traumatic events and subsequent suicidal behavior. A range of traumatic events are associated with suicidal behavior, with sexual and interpersonal violence consistently showing the strongest effects. There is a dose-response relationship between the number of traumatic events and suicide ideation/attempt; however, there is decay in the strength of the association with more events. Although a range of traumatic events are associated with the onset of suicide ideation, fewer events predict which people with suicide ideation progress to suicide plan and attempt, or the persistence of suicidal behavior over time. Associations generally are consistent across high-, middle-, and low-income countries. Conclusions/Significance: This study provides more detailed information than previously available on the relationship between traumatic events and suicidal behavior and indicates that this association is fairly consistent across developed and developing countries. These data reinforce the importance of psychological trauma as a major public health problem, and highlight the significance of screening for the presence and accumulation of traumatic exposures as a risk factor for suicide ideation and attempt.

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It has been shown that cover crops can enhance soil nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emissions, but the magnitude of increase depends on the quantity and quality of the crop residues. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of long-term (19 and 21 years) no-till maize crop rotations including grass [black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb)] and legume cover crops [vetch (Vigna sativa L), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) and lablab (Dolichos lablab)] on annual soil N(2)O emissions in a subtropical Acrisol in Southern Brazil. Greater soil N(2)O emissions were observed in the first 45 days after the cover crop residue management in all crop rotations, varying from -20.2 +/- 1.9 to 163.9 +/- 24.3 mu g N m(-2) h(-1). Legume-based crop rotations had the largest cumulative emissions in this period, which were directly related to the quantity of N (r(2) = 0.60, p = 0.13)and inversely related to the lignin:N ratio(r(2) = 0.89,p = 0.01) of the cover crop residues. After this period, the mean fluxes were smaller and were closely related to the total soil N stocks (r(2) = 0.96, p = 0.002). The annual soil N(2)O emission represented 0.39-0.75% of the total N added by the legume cover crops. Management-control led soil variables such as mineral N (NO(3)(-) and NH(4)(+)) and dissolved organic C influenced more the N(2)O fluxes than environmental-related variables as water-filled pore space and air and soil temperature. Consequently, the synchronization between N mineralization and N uptake by plants seems to be the main challenge to reduce N(2)O emissions while maintaining the environmental and agronomic services provided by legume cover crops in agricultural systems. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Stingless bees play an important ecological role as pollinators of many wild plant species in the tropics and have significant potential for the pollination of agricultural crops. Nevertheless, conservation efforts as well as commercial breeding programmes require better guidelines on the amount of genetic variation that is needed to maintain viable populations. In this context, we carried out a long-term genetic study on the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris to evaluate the population viability consequences of prolonged breeding from a small number of founder colonies. In particular, it was artificially imposed a genetic bottleneck by setting up a population starting from only two founder colonies, and continued breeding from it for a period of over 10 years in a location outside its natural area of occurrence. We show that despite a great reduction in the number of alleles present at both neutral microsatellite loci and the sex-determining locus relative to its natural source population, and an increased frequency in the production of sterile diploid males, the genetically impoverished population could be successfully bred and maintained for at least 10 years. This shows that in stingless bees, breeding from a small stock of colonies may have less severe consequences than previously suspected. In addition, we provide a simulation model to determine the number of colonies that are needed to maintain a certain number of sex alleles in a population, thereby providing useful guidelines for stingless bee breeding and conservation efforts.