Proteomic characterisation of toxins isolated from nematocysts of the South Atlantic jellyfish Olindias sambaquiensis

Surprisingly little is known of the toxic arsenal of cnidarian nematocysts compared to other venomous animals. Here we investigate the toxins of nematocysts isolated from the jellyfish Olindias sambaquiensis. A total of 29 unique ms/ms events were annotated as potential toxins homologous to the toxic proteins from diverse animal phyla, including conesnails, snakes, spiders, scorpions, wasp, bee, parasitic worm and other Cnidaria. Biological activities of these potential toxins include cytolysins, neurotoxins, phospholipases and toxic peptidases. The presence of several toxic enzymes is intriguing, such as sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase B (SMase B) that has only been described in certain spider venoms, and a prepro-haystatin P-IIId snake venom metalloproteinase (SVMP) that activates coagulation factor X, which is very rare even in snake venoms. Our annotation reveals sequence orthologs to many representatives of the most important superfamilies of peptide venoms suggesting that their origins in higher organisms arise from deep eumetazoan innovations. Accordingly, cnidarian venoms may possess unique biological properties that might generate new leads in the discovery of novel pharmacologically active drugs.

Latrodectismo

Fil: Saracco, Sergio. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Departamento de Neurociencias

Unusual horizontal transfer of a long interspersed nuclear element between distant vertebrate classes

We have shown previously by Southern blot analysis that Bov-B long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) are present in different Viperidae snake species. To address the question as to whether Bov-B LINEs really have been transmitted horizontally between vertebrate classes, the analysis has been extended to a larger number of vertebrate, invertebrate, and plant species. In this paper, the evolutionary origin of Bov-B LINEs is shown unequivocally to be in Squamata. The previously proposed horizontal transfer of Bov-B LINEs in vertebrates has been confirmed by their discontinuous phylogenetic distribution in Squamata (Serpentes and two lizard infra-orders) as well as in Ruminantia, by the high level of nucleotide identity, and by their phylogenetic relationships. The horizontal transfer of Bov-B LINEs from Squamata to the ancestor of Ruminantia is evident from the genetic distances and discontinuous phylogenetic distribution. The ancestor of Colubroidea snakes is a possible donor of Bov-B LINEs to Ruminantia. The timing of horizontal transfer has been estimated from the distribution of Bov-B LINEs in Ruminantia and the fossil data of Ruminantia to be 40–50 My ago. The phylogenetic relationships of Bov-B LINEs from the various Squamata species agrees with that of the species phylogeny, suggesting that Bov-B LINEs have been maintained stably by vertical transmission since the origin of Squamata in the Mesozoic era.

Patas, garras e rastros: marcas de animais na poesia de Adília Lopes

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo olhar para a poesia de Adília Lopes, poetisa portuguesa contemporânea, sob o prisma da zooliteratura, analisando as quatro principais imagens de animais de sua poética gatos, cães, peixes e serpentes. A investigação das várias significações que eles podem adquirir nos poemas adilianos também possibilitará compreender a proposta de desierarquizar a relação com e entre os animais (seja através da relação afetiva, da empatia ou da compaixão). A poetisa problematiza o lugar que os animais ocupam no mundo cotidiano e propõe uma revalorização desses seres. Ela não exclui o diferente, mas o reconhece. Pensar sobre o lugar de importância que os animais escritos têm na obra adiliana tece novos olhares não só sobre essa poética, mas também sobre a relação que se faz, ao longo desses anos, entre os animais e os seres humanos.

Practica Antonij Guainerij ... et omnia opera ...

Mode of access: Internet.

Josephi Lanzoni ... Opera omnia, medico-physica et philologica cum edita hactenus, tum inedita : accedit vita auctoris Hieronymo Baruffaldo ... : cum indicibus rerum ... Tomus primus.

Mode of access: Internet.

Trattato de' veleni, e lor cura /

ICCU

Iohannis Linder ... De venenis in genere & in specie exercitatio : videlicet, eorum natura & in corpus agendi modo atque eadem, pro morbi acuti vel chronici ex iisdem oborientis indole , curandi : & in esculentis, potulentisque indagandi ratione juxta veterum quorundam & recentiorum dogmata ad solidorum & fluidorum corporis organici leges mechanicas deducta & explicata.

NL,

Secretos raros de artes y oficios ... : Tomo IV.

Mode of access: Internet.

Clariss. ... Petri De Abano De Venenis eorumq[ue] remedijs. Item consilivm de praeservatione a venenis D. Guilielmi Gratoroli. Item generosi Hermanni Anvenare comitis ... Item curatio sudoris anglici in Germania experta. Item Ioachimi Schilleri De peste britanica commentariolus aureus ...

Mode of access: Internet.

Dei veleni , e dei loro rimedi tanto curativi, quanto preservativi ragionamento del dottore Evaristo Albites

Mode of access: Internet.

Traité de toxicologie générale... /

Mode of access: Internet.

Io. Lindestolpe ... Liber de venenis : in ordinem redactus corollariis animadversionibus et indice illustratus /

Mode of access: Internet.

Elements of practical medicine. /

Mode of access: Internet.

Traité sur le vénin de la vipere sur les poisons americains sur le laurier-cerise et sur quelques autres poisons végetaux : on y a joint des observations sur la structure primitive du corps animal : Différentes expériences sur la reproduction des nerfs et la description d'un nouveau canal de l'oeil /

Mode of access: Internet.