A novel non-intrusive sampling technique for CO2 laser on-line beam monitoring utilising a silicon mirror

The measurement of high speed laser beam parameters during processing is a topic that has seen growing attention over the last few years as quality assurance places greater demand on the monitoring of the manufacturing process. The targets for any monitoring system is to be non-intrusive, low cost, simple to operate, high speed and capable of operation in process. A new ISO compliant system is presented based on the integration of an imaging plate and camera located behind a proprietary mirror sampling device. The general layout of the device is presented along with the thermal and optical performance of the sampling optic. Diagnostic performance of the system is compared with industry standard devices, demonstrating the high quality high speed data which has been generated using this system.

Investigation into channel angular extrusion and the UREAD energy absorption technique

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Modified sorting technique to mitigate the collateral mortality of trawled school prawns (Metapenaeus macleayi)

The potential for changes to onboard handling practices in order to improve the fate of juvenile school prawns (Metapenaeus macleayi) discarded during trawling were investigated in two Australian rivers (Clarence and Hunter) by comparing a purpose-built, water-filled sorting tray against a conventional dry tray across various conditions, including the range of typical delays before the start of sorting the catch (2 min vs. 15 min). Juvenile school prawns (n= 5760), caught during 32 and 16 deployments in each river, were caged and sacrificed at four times: immediately (T0), and at 24 (T24), 72 (T72), and 120 (T12 0) hours after having been discarded. In both rivers, most mortalities occurred between T0 and T24 and, after adjusting for control deaths (<12%), were greatest for the 15-min conventional treatment (up to 41% at T120). Mixed-effects logistic models revealed that in addition to the sampling time, method of sorting, and delay in sorting, the weight of the catch, salinity, and percentage cloud cover were significant predictors of mortality. Although trawling caused some mortalities and comparable stress (measured as L -lactate) in all school prawns, use of the water tray lessened the negative impacts of some of the above factors across both the 2-min and 15-min delays in sorting so that the overall discard mortality was reduced by more than a third. When used in conjunction with selective trawls, widespread application of the water tray should help to improve the sustainability of trawling for school prawns.

Low cost murrel seed production technique for fish farmers

A simple and low-cost breeding technology for breeding the striped murrel, Channa striatus in hapas in ponds was developed in India.

Effect of type of otolith and preparation technique on age estimation of larval and juvenile spot (Leiostomus xanthurus)

Otoliths of larval and juvenile fish provide a record of age, size, growth, and development (Campana and Neilson, 1985; Thorrold and Hare, 2002). However, determining the time of first increment formation in otoliths (Campana, 2001) and assessing the accuracy (deviation from real age) and precision (repeatability of increment counts from the same otolith) of increment counts are prerequisites for using otoliths to study the life history of fish (Campana and Moksness, 1991). For most fish species, first increment deposition occurs either at hatching, a day after hatching, or after first feeding and yolksac absorption (Jones, 1986; Thorrold and Hare, 2002). Increment deposition before hatching also occurs (Barkmann and Beck, 1976; Radtke and Dean, 1982). If first increment deposition does not occur at hatching, the standard procedure is to add a predetermined number to increment counts to estimate fish age (Campana and Neilson, 1985).

Adsorção de quinolina em sílica-alumina a partir de soluções com n-hexadecano por calorimétrica: estudo da cinética e da isoterma

As legislações ambientais estão cada vez mais severas em relação à quantidade de compostos sulfurados eliminada na atmosfera pela queima de combustíveis fósseis. Os processos de adsorção têm se destacado como uma alternativa promissora na remoção de sulfurados presentes em combustíveis. Nos estudos de adsorção, ensaios de cinética e isoterma usando banhos agitados são frequentemente utilizados na avaliação do desempenho dos adsorventes na remoção desejada. Apesar de úteis, tais ensaios apresentam algumas limitações quando os sistemas analisados envolvem elevadas relações entre a concentração inicial de soluto e massa de adsorvente. Alternativamente, este trabalho apresenta uma estratégia envolvendo a técnica da adsorção utilizando a calorimetria para o estudo de cinética e isoterma térmica de quinolina em uma sílica-alumina comercial a partir de soluções em n-hexadecano. Diferentemente das outras técnicas citadas, a adsorção por calorimetria possibilitou, em um único ensaio e com menos amostra, a obtenção da cinética térmica de adsorção, e de um ponto da isoterma térmica de adsorção. Adicionalmente, foi proposta uma modelagem dos fenômenos de transferência de calor e massa envolvidos durante o ensaio, visando simular a curva calorimétrica. Valores de coeficiente de difusão efetivo da quinolina na sílica-alumina em diferentes condições de concentração inicial de quinolina em n-hexadecano, a uma mesma temperatura, foram obtidos a partir do ajuste do modelo da curva calorimétrica aos dados experimentais