Estudos preliminares para consolidação de suportes com pintura mural: síntese e caracterização de nanocais

-Resumo Neste trabalho apresentam-se os resultados da síntese e da caracterização de nano-materiais de hidróxido de cálcio e de hidróxido de magnésio visando a sua aplicação como consolidantes de suportes com pintura mural. Este estudo preliminar constitui a etapa inicial de um projeto em curso e que tem como principal objetivo o desenvolvimento de novas estratégias de síntese de nano-materiais inovadores para conservação e restauro de revestimentos antigos. - Abstract In this publication, we report the synthesis and characterization of calcium and magnesium hydroxides nanoparticles for consolidation of mural paintings. Some preliminary results are discussed. This research is the initial part of our ongoing project which aims to develop new synthetic strategies towards novel and innovative materials for preservation and restoration of old rende

Imágenes urbanas y contaminaciones arquitectónicas en la pintura y la escultura de los años 80' en España

Esta investigación se plantea demostrar que la renovación de las artes, principalmente de la pintura y la escultura, que tuvo lugar tras el fin de la dictadura en España, es decir, durante la Transición, fue consecuencia, al menos en parte, de un interés de los artistas por la representación de los espacios urbanos y de las figuraciones arquitectónicas. Por un lado hemos establecido el objetivo de realizar un estudio sobre el arte de los 80’, comprobando si realmente existió un movimiento afín en aquella época y definiendo sus características tanto estéticas como conceptuales e históricas. Por otro, hemos analizado la presencia arquitectónica y urbana en las obras de arte creadas en el periodo a estudiar (1976-1992), investigando sobre su origen, su significado, su importancia estética y sus influencias. La metodología utilizada ha pretendido buscar una serie de elementos objetivos, huyendo de los recuerdos nostálgicos o interesados de los protagonistas y fijándonos en los hechos tal y como acontecieron en su momento, por lo que los catálogos de las exposiciones, las declaraciones de los artistas en el momento de la creación de las obras y la literatura crítica coetánea han sido las principales líneas de trabajo, aunque la observación pormenorizada de las obras de arte y el análisis de sus múltiples referencias históricas, estilísticas, artísticas y estéticas han sido absolutamente fundamentales...

XVII Exposição : arte, ciência e cultura : Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga : [pintura flamenga]

Recursos Educativos - Conhecer

XVII Exposição : arte, ciência e cultura : Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga : [pintura portuguesa]

Recursos Educativos - Conhecer

Utilização de resíduo lignocelulósico na obtenção de chapa de madeira aglomerada homogênea e compósito reforçado com fibra de vidro-E

This research is about the use of the coconut´s endocarp (nucifera linn) and the waste of derivatives of wood and furniture as raw material to technological use. In that sense, the lignocellulosic waste is used for manufacture of homogeneous wood sheet agglomerate (LHWS) and lignocellulosic load which take part of a polymeric composite with fiber glass E (GFRP-WC). In the manufacturing of the homogeneous wood sheet agglomerate (LHWS), it was used mamona´s resin as waste s agglutinating element. The plates were taken up in a hydraulic press engine, heated, with temperature control, where they were manufactured for different percentage of waste wood and coconuts nucífera linn. Physical tests were conducted to determine the absorption of water, density, damp grade (in two hours and twenty-four hours), swelling thickness (in two hours and twenty-four hours), and mechanical tests to evaluate the parallel tensile strength (internal stick) and bending and the static (steady) flexural. The physical test´s results indicate that the LHWS can be classified as bonded wood plate of high-density and with highly water resistant. In the mechanical tests it was possible to establish that LHWS presents different characteristics when submitted to uniaxial tensile and to the static (steady) flexural, since brittle and elasticity module had a variation according to the amount of dry endocarp used to manufacture each trace of LHWS. The GFRP-WC was industrially manufactured by a hand-lay-up process where the fiber glass E was used as reinforcement the lignocellulósic´s waste as load. The matrix was made with ortofitalic unsaturated polyester resin. Physical and mechanical tests were performed in presence of saturated humidity and dry. The results indicated good performance of the GFRP-WC, as traction as in flexion in three points. The presence of water influenced the modules obtained in the flexural and tensile but there were no significant alteration in the properties analyzed. As for the fracture, the analysis showed that the effects are more harmful in the presence of damp, under the action of loading tested, but despite this, the fracture was well defined starting in the external parts and spreading to the internal regions when one when it reaches the hybrid load

Evaluación de la producción de pintura a partir de los residuos de Poliestireno expandido utilizando un solvente amigable con el ambiente

Con la evaluación de la producción de pintura a partir de los residuos de poliestireno expandido (EPS) utilizando un solvente amigable con el ambiente, se pretende dar uso post industrial a los desechos de poliestireno expandido que cada vez se acumulan más en los rellenos sanitarios, lo que genera un descontento debido a su volumen -- Además de darle un trato más amigable a la fabricación de pintura buscando un solvente que no resulte tan tóxico para el trato humano y para el ambiente -- El desarrollo del proyecto se lleva a cabo planteando una metodología de investigación que sugiere inicialmente pruebas de caracterización al residuo de poliestireno expandido, que permiten saber características propias del material -- Luego de esto, se realiza un diseño de experimentos multifactorial con dos factores y tres niveles, donde se analiza el efecto de la temperatura en la fase de mezclado y la relación que tiene la concentración de poliestireno expandido como vehículo en la elaboración de pintura -- En el diseño se evalúan cuatro variables de respuesta: adhesión, viscosidad, tiempo de secado y poder de cubrimiento, comparando luego estas mismas propiedades con las realizadas en una pintura comercial -- El estudio muestra un alto grado de influencia de la concentración de poliestireno expandido sobre las propiedades de la pintura obtenida, mejorando cada una de ellas a medida que se aumenta la cantidad de poliestireno expandido -- Se observó también que la temperatura influyó en el tiempo de secado, es decir a mayor temperatura en la fase de mezclado mayor fue el tiempo que se demoró la pintura en secar -- Por último, al comparar el producto obtenido con uno comercial, se encuentra que el producto obtenido tiene menor tiempo de secado, una adhesión similar, posee mayor poder de cobertura y una viscosidad más alta, además de ser una pintura no toxica y amigable con el ambiente

Avaliação de concretos reforçados por confinamento com manta de fibra de vidro estrutural e pré-impreganada

Due to the occurrence of diseases in the use of structural reinforcements in composites, with presentation of concrete blanket detachment, has been identified the need to evaluate the performance of concrete reinforced with glass fiber. This study aims to evaluate these concretes by means of testing methodologies, using concrete with low resistance with structural reinforcement for confinement by preimpregnated glass fiber and traditional fiberglass blanket. The first stage of work was the development of methodologies for analysis, opting for four types, such as the acoustic survey, strength to compressive, the pull-off and ultrasound. Next, tests were carried out using the four selected methodologies in 30 of proof-of-specimens by 5x10 cm, 15 were reinforced with the traditional fiberglass blanket with 5specimens exposed to test a marine environment of marine coastline of Natal-RN and 15 were reinforced with a pre-impregnated glass fiber blanket, as well as 5specimens exposed to a test environment of the marine coastline of Natal-RN. After conducting the acoustic survey, it has been verified a lack of delaminating and air bubbles in the samples, confirming the absence of gross shortcomings in the implementation of the ribs both the traditional fiberglass blanket and in the preimpregnated fiber glass blanket. After carrying out methods of pull-off and compressive strengthening test it was observed that the reinforced proof-bodies with pre-impregnated glass blanket showed maximum stresses higher than the traditional fiberglass blanket; consequently a greater grip with the formation of a smaller area of . fracture, unlike traditional glass mat, which showed lower maximum stresses, with a greater area of fracture. It was also found that the traditional fiberglass blanket presented detachment of blanket-concrete interface, unlike the pre-impregnated fiberglass blanket, which showed a better grip on the blanket-concrete interface. In the trial of ultrasound there was no presence of cracks in the blanket-concrete interface, yielding to both blankets good compactness of the concrete. At the end of this work, they were developed and proposed two methods of testing for evaluation of reinforced concrete structures with composites, for standardization, the acoustic survey and pull-off

Desenvolvimento e caracterização de compósitos poli(tereftalato de etileno) reciclado (PET reciclado) com flocos de vidro.

The growing concern with the solid residues management, observed in the last decade, due to its huge amount and impact, has motivated the search for recycling processes, where these residues can be reprocessed to generate new products, enlarging the cycle of materials and energy which are present. Among the polymeric residues, there is poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET). PET is used in food packaging, preferably in the bottling of carbonated beverages. The reintegration of post-consumer PET in half can be considered a productive action mitigation of environmental impacts caused by these wastes and it is done through the preparation of several different products at the origin, i.e. food packaging, with recycling rates increasing to each year. This work focused on the development and characterization mechanical, thermal, thermo-mechanical, dynamic mechanical thermal and morphology of the pure recycled PET and recycled PET composites with glass flakes in the weight fraction of 5%, 10% and 20% processed in a single screw extruder, using the following analytical techniques: thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile, Izod impact, Rockwell hardness, Vicat softening temperature, melt flow rate, burn rate, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of thermal analysis and mechanical properties leading to a positive evaluation, because in the thermograms the addition of glass flakes showed increasing behavior in the initial temperatures of thermal decomposition and melting crystalline, Furthermore was observed growing behavior in the mechanical performance of polymer composites, whose morphological structure was observed by SEM, verifying a good distribution of glass flakes, showing difference orientation in the center and in the surface layer of test body of composites with 10 and 20% of glass flakes. The results of DMTA Tg values of the composites obtained from the peak of tan ä showed little reductions due to poor interfacial adhesion between PET and recycled glass flakes.

Jorge Afonso: uma interrogação essencial na pintura primitiva portuguesa

O pintor Jorge Afonso (c. 1480-1540) ocupou cargos da maior importância e foi mestre de alguns dos mais importantes artistas da primeira metade do século XVI. Por laços familiares, por ligações profissionais, ou como representante régio no fornecimento e controle de empreitadas, esteve no centro das grandes obras artísticas do seu tempo. Fez uma carreira como oficial de armaria dentro da reestruturação manuelina, o que o tornou, também do ponto de vista simbólico, uma figura importante da corte do Venturoso. A Jorge Afonso são atribuídas as grandes tábuas da Charola do Convento de Cristo de Tomar, oito pinturas do mosteiro da Madre de Deus e o retábulo do Convento de Jesus de Setúbal. A dissertação reanalisa os dados biográficos do pintor, estuda as pinturas incluindo o seu desenho subjacente, e reelabora a compreensão da pintura portuguesa do tempo, vista sob a influência desta figura tutelar; ABSTRACT: Jorge Afonso. An essential quest on Portuguese primitive painting. Painter Jorge Afonso (1480-1540), held positions of major importance and was master of some of the most remarkable artists of the first half of the 16th century. By family links, by professional connections or as Royal representative for the supply and control of works, he was at the very center of the great artistic works of his time. He built a career as Herald what made him an important figure in King D. Manuel’s court . To Jorge Afonso are attributed the large paintings of the ‘Christ’s Convent’ Ambulatory in Tomar, eight paintings from the ‘Madre de Deus’ monastery and the ‘Covent of Jesus’ altarpiece in Setubal. This dissertation reanalysis the painter biographical data, studies the paintings including its underdrawing and reconstructs the understanding of Portuguese painting of that time, perceived under the influence of this tutelary figure.

La compra de pintura por parte del maestro de obra: elementos cognitivos, afectivos, conductuales y de entorno

RESUMEN: A pesar del posicionamiento que la marca Pintuco tiene entre los consumidores, su participación en el mercado nacional viene cayendo en los últimos años. El presente trabajo aporta elementos para mejorar esta situación por medio de una mayor fidelización de los maestros de obra, en su calidad de influenciadores del proceso de compra de pintura. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar los factores que influyen en este proceso y la relación que el maestro de obra tiene con la pintura a nivel cognitivo, afectivo, conductual y de entorno, usando técnicas como las metáforas de Zaltman, la cadena de medios y fines, y la observación etnográfica. El trabajo muestra que el maestro de obra se ve a sí mismo como un artista y un experto deseoso de compartir sus conocimientos con sus compañeros y ayudantes. También se identificaron los principales valores asociados a la pintura y a la labor de pintar, tales como el reconocimiento por parte de los clientes, la credibilidad, y la estabilidad para su familia al conseguir más clientes. Finalmente se vio un alto interés por el precio en el punto de venta. Es así como se proponen en tres estrategias para fidelizar a este grupo en torno a su experticia y necesidad de reconocimiento, estabilidad familiar y credibilidad: La Escuela del Maestro Pintuco, el plan de Maestro Recomendado Pintuco, y los Puntos de Venta Certificados Pintuco.

Fachadas ventiladas. Avaliação de sistema de camada de vidro duplo ventilado

Dissertação de Mestrado, Energias Renováveis e Gestão de Energia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2014

Influência do tipo de vidro de cobertura na produtividade do tomate em estufa

Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica - Hortofruticultura e Viticultura - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - UL

Estudo comparativo de pás para aerogeradores de grande porte fabricadas em materiais compósitos reforçadas com fibra de carbono ou fibra de vidro

The research and development of wind turbine blades are essential to keep pace with worldwide growth in the renewable energy sector. Although currently blades are typically produced using glass fiber reinforced composite materials, the tendency for larger size blades, particularly for offshore applications, has increased the interest on carbon fiber reinforced composites because of the potential for increased stiffness and weight reduction. In this study a model of blade designed for large generators (5 MW) was studied on a small scale. A numerical simulation was performed to determine the aerodynamic loading using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. Two blades were then designed and manufactured using epoxy matrix composites: one reinforced with glass fibers and the other with carbon fibers. For the structural calculations, maximum stress failure criterion was adopted. The blades were manufactured by Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM), typical for this type of component. A weight comparison of the two blades was performed and the weight of the carbon fiber blade was approximately 45% of the weight of the fiberglass reinforced blade. Static bending tests were carried out on the blades for various percentages of the design load and deflections measurements were compared with the values obtained from finite element simulations. A good agreement was observed between the measured and calculated deflections. In summary, the results of this study confirm that the low density combined with high mechanical properties of carbon fibers are particularly attractive for the production of large size wind turbine blades