Ecologia alimentar e reprodutiva da piaba-do-rabo-amarelo, Astyanax cf. lacustris (Reinhardt, 1874) (Osteichthyes: Characidae) na Lagoa do Piató, Assu, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

The feeding habits and biological aspects of the reproductive cycle of two-spot astyanax, Astyanax cf. lacustris (Reinhardt, 1874) were investigated. Fish samples were captured on a monthly basis, using gillnets of 4 cm mesh size, from the Piató Lake, Assu, Rio Grande do Norte, during the period of September, 2006 to August, 2007. Physico-chemical parameters, such as, temperature, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen of the lake were registered. The monthly values of rainfall also were obtained. The 360 individuals captured, were measured, weighed, dissected, and stomach weight and the stage of gonadal maturity were registered. The stomach contents analyses were carried out based on volumetric method, points, frequency of occurrence and applying the Index of Relative Importance. The degrees of repletion of the stomachs were determined besides the Index of Repletion relating to feeding activity variations and frequency of ingestion with limnological parameters and rainfall. The food items identified were separated into distinct groups according to their origin. Sex ratio and Gonadosomatic Relation of females were verified to determine the spawning period and fecundity. The physico-chemical parameters presented the following annual mean values: temperature = 28.8ºC, electrical conductivity = 992.5 µS.cm-1; dissolved oxygen = 4.9 mg.L-1 during the study period. The annual mean of the rainfall was 63.5 mm. The results indicate that this species present an omnivorous feeding habit with a tendency towards insectivory, with an increase in feeding activity during the dry season. The aquatic oxygen to interfere very importance in the feeding activity than the others factors physico-chemicals of water and rainfall. There was a predominance of females, with a sex proportion of 1M:7F. The macroscopic characteristics of the ovaries and testicles revealed four stages of gonadal development: immature, maturing, mature and spent. A temporal variation was observed for the gonadal development of males and females. There was reproductive activity through out the year, with peaks in the months of February, April and June to correspond with the rain of precipitation of the region. The mean fecundity was 7.681 mature oocytes, varying from 4.476 to 12.036, with mean of 7.681. There was positive relation between fecundity and body mass. Condition Factor is not an efficient indicator of the reproductive period of this species. The species A. cf. lacustris is an opportunist and is well adapted to the conditions of the semi-arid Caatinga Biome

Avaliação da toxicidade aguda do inseticida metomil e o seu efeito sobre a atividade da acetilcolinesterase do peixe Danio rerio

Methomyl (Lannate®) is an insecticide from the carbamate group, frequently used in pest control in various types of crops. This compound works inhibiting the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. The use of physicochemical and ecotoxicological analysis is the most efficient strategy for the correct characterization and control of residues of metomil. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the acute toxicity of methomyl in 96 hours of exposure and, through a sublethal assay of 5 hours, to assess its effect on the activity of acetylcholinesterase present in brain and squeletic dorsal muscle of the Danio rerio fish. The results showed that the LC50-96 found to D. rerio was 3.4 mg/L and it was found through the average of four definitive tests. In vitro assays were used to test the inhibitory action of methomyl directly over soluble AChE, extracted from the squeletic dorsal muscle, with maximum inhibition of 68.57% to the insecticide concentrations of 0.2 mg/L. In sublethal tests with D. rerio, inhibitory effect of methomyl was found over the soluble form of AChE in the squeletic dorsal muscle, both in one and five hours of fish exposure to the insecticide. In both period, the average values of inhibition were around 61%. In the same condition, no significant inhibitory effect of methomyl soluble and membrane AChE of the D. rerio was observed in the 0.42, 0.85, 1.70 and 2.50 mg/L concentrations and in both times of fish exposure

Diversidade Ictiofaunística e Ecologia reprodutiva de uma espécie nativa de peixe da Bacia Piranhas-Assu, RN

The Caatinga biome is rich in endemic fish species fauna. The present study the results of fish faunal surveys conducted in the hydrographic basin of Piranhas-Assu of the Brazilian Caatinga biome. The fish samples collected were distributed in four orders (Characiformes, Perciformes, Siluriformes and Synbranchiformes), 11 families (Characidae, Curimatidae, Auchenipteridae, Anostomidae, Prochilodontidae, Erythrinidae, Cichlidae, Sciaenidae, Heptapteridae, Loricariidae, Synbranchidae) and 22 species, of which 17 are endemic and five have been introduced from other basins. The order Characiformes was the most representative in number of species (46,35% ) followed by Perciformes (35,38%), Siluriformes (17,44%) and Synbranchiformes (0,5%). The Nile tilapia, Oreochomis niloticus, the only exotic species, was most expressive in number of individuals (24.92%) followed by the native species piau preto, Leporinus piau (18,77 %). Considering the relative frequency of occurrence of the 22 species, 13 were constant, five were accessory and four were occasional. This study investigated the reproductive ecology of an endemic fish black piau, Leporinus piau from the Marechal Dutra reservoir, Acari, Rio Grande do Norte. Samplings were done on a monthly basis from January to December 2009, and a total of 211 specimens were captured. The environmental parameters such as rainfall, temperature, pH, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen of water were recorded. The sampled population showed a slight predominance of males (55%), however females were larger and heavier. Both sexes of L. piau showed positive allometric growth, indicating a higher increase of weight than length. The first sexual maturation of males occurred at smaller size, with 16.5 cm in total length than females (20.5 cm). During the reproductive period, the condition factor and gonadosomatic index (GSI) of L. piau were negatively correlated. This species has large oocytes with a high mean fecundity of 54.966 with synchronous oocyte development and total spawning

Propuesta de diseño del parque urbano en los predios de la brigada de Artillería del Portete

Resumen La desmesurada forma en la que está creciendo la ciudad y la sociedad en general, ha ocasionado un desequilibrio en la relación personas - espacio público recreacional. A partir de esta condición se ha tomado la iniciativa nacional de reciclar espacios semipúblicos y convertirlos en equipamientos que contribuyan a la formación de los ciudadanos. Los urbanistas señalan como fin último el mejorar la calidad de vida, siendo en el espacio urbano lo público el núcleo a partir del cual se contribuye a este objetivo. Los cuarteles militares en muchas de las urbes del país han sido alcanzados por la urbanización, pudiéndose ocupar estos sitios para solucionar la problemática urbana que se ha generado en torno a estos lugares. En esta tesis se evidencia que la arquitectura se piensa y se produce desde el lugar, tomando como referencia la metodología del análisis espacial urbano, y complementándola a su vez con la obra y el pensamiento de Rafael Pina Lupiañez. El sector del predio de la Brigada de Artillería Portete es el espacio idóneo para una intervención, en el cual se ha implantado la propuesta de un parque urbano recreacional, donde no solo se ha potencializado las características trópicas y antrópicas sino también se ha conseguido mitigar las condiciones desfavorables. Se ha considerado este proyecto como el precursor para facilitar el cambio de uso a estos espacios semipúblicos restringidos que tanto se necesitan dentro de la ciudad, siendo un primer acercamiento con el cuerpo militar.

Estabelecimento de prioridades para a conservação dos vertebrados terrestres do Parque Natural da Ria Formosa e selecção de áreas para a sua protecção

Dissertação de mest. em Gestão e Conservação da Natureza, Faculdade de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Univ. do Algarve, 2004

Contribuição para a valorização, geoconservação e gestão da jazida fossilífera de Cacela (Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, Algarve, Portugal)

Dissertação de mest. em Gestão e Conservação da Natureza, Faculdade de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Univ. do Algarve, 2004

Parques de campismo. Uma proposta de projeto para a Mata Nacional do Urso

Dissertação de Mestrado, Arquitetura Paisagista, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2016

Ecologia alimentar e reprodutiva da piaba-do-rabo-amarelo, Astyanax cf. lacustris (Reinhardt, 1874) (Osteichthyes: Characidae) na Lagoa do Piató, Assu, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

The feeding habits and biological aspects of the reproductive cycle of two-spot astyanax, Astyanax cf. lacustris (Reinhardt, 1874) were investigated. Fish samples were captured on a monthly basis, using gillnets of 4 cm mesh size, from the Piató Lake, Assu, Rio Grande do Norte, during the period of September, 2006 to August, 2007. Physico-chemical parameters, such as, temperature, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen of the lake were registered. The monthly values of rainfall also were obtained. The 360 individuals captured, were measured, weighed, dissected, and stomach weight and the stage of gonadal maturity were registered. The stomach contents analyses were carried out based on volumetric method, points, frequency of occurrence and applying the Index of Relative Importance. The degrees of repletion of the stomachs were determined besides the Index of Repletion relating to feeding activity variations and frequency of ingestion with limnological parameters and rainfall. The food items identified were separated into distinct groups according to their origin. Sex ratio and Gonadosomatic Relation of females were verified to determine the spawning period and fecundity. The physico-chemical parameters presented the following annual mean values: temperature = 28.8ºC, electrical conductivity = 992.5 µS.cm-1; dissolved oxygen = 4.9 mg.L-1 during the study period. The annual mean of the rainfall was 63.5 mm. The results indicate that this species present an omnivorous feeding habit with a tendency towards insectivory, with an increase in feeding activity during the dry season. The aquatic oxygen to interfere very importance in the feeding activity than the others factors physico-chemicals of water and rainfall. There was a predominance of females, with a sex proportion of 1M:7F. The macroscopic characteristics of the ovaries and testicles revealed four stages of gonadal development: immature, maturing, mature and spent. A temporal variation was observed for the gonadal development of males and females. There was reproductive activity through out the year, with peaks in the months of February, April and June to correspond with the rain of precipitation of the region. The mean fecundity was 7.681 mature oocytes, varying from 4.476 to 12.036, with mean of 7.681. There was positive relation between fecundity and body mass. Condition Factor is not an efficient indicator of the reproductive period of this species. The species A. cf. lacustris is an opportunist and is well adapted to the conditions of the semi-arid Caatinga Biome

Avaliação da toxicidade aguda do inseticida metomil e o seu efeito sobre a atividade da acetilcolinesterase do peixe Danio rerio

Methomyl (Lannate®) is an insecticide from the carbamate group, frequently used in pest control in various types of crops. This compound works inhibiting the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. The use of physicochemical and ecotoxicological analysis is the most efficient strategy for the correct characterization and control of residues of metomil. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the acute toxicity of methomyl in 96 hours of exposure and, through a sublethal assay of 5 hours, to assess its effect on the activity of acetylcholinesterase present in brain and squeletic dorsal muscle of the Danio rerio fish. The results showed that the LC50-96 found to D. rerio was 3.4 mg/L and it was found through the average of four definitive tests. In vitro assays were used to test the inhibitory action of methomyl directly over soluble AChE, extracted from the squeletic dorsal muscle, with maximum inhibition of 68.57% to the insecticide concentrations of 0.2 mg/L. In sublethal tests with D. rerio, inhibitory effect of methomyl was found over the soluble form of AChE in the squeletic dorsal muscle, both in one and five hours of fish exposure to the insecticide. In both period, the average values of inhibition were around 61%. In the same condition, no significant inhibitory effect of methomyl soluble and membrane AChE of the D. rerio was observed in the 0.42, 0.85, 1.70 and 2.50 mg/L concentrations and in both times of fish exposure

Diversidade Ictiofaunística e Ecologia reprodutiva de uma espécie nativa de peixe da Bacia Piranhas-Assu, RN

The Caatinga biome is rich in endemic fish species fauna. The present study the results of fish faunal surveys conducted in the hydrographic basin of Piranhas-Assu of the Brazilian Caatinga biome. The fish samples collected were distributed in four orders (Characiformes, Perciformes, Siluriformes and Synbranchiformes), 11 families (Characidae, Curimatidae, Auchenipteridae, Anostomidae, Prochilodontidae, Erythrinidae, Cichlidae, Sciaenidae, Heptapteridae, Loricariidae, Synbranchidae) and 22 species, of which 17 are endemic and five have been introduced from other basins. The order Characiformes was the most representative in number of species (46,35% ) followed by Perciformes (35,38%), Siluriformes (17,44%) and Synbranchiformes (0,5%). The Nile tilapia, Oreochomis niloticus, the only exotic species, was most expressive in number of individuals (24.92%) followed by the native species piau preto, Leporinus piau (18,77 %). Considering the relative frequency of occurrence of the 22 species, 13 were constant, five were accessory and four were occasional. This study investigated the reproductive ecology of an endemic fish black piau, Leporinus piau from the Marechal Dutra reservoir, Acari, Rio Grande do Norte. Samplings were done on a monthly basis from January to December 2009, and a total of 211 specimens were captured. The environmental parameters such as rainfall, temperature, pH, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen of water were recorded. The sampled population showed a slight predominance of males (55%), however females were larger and heavier. Both sexes of L. piau showed positive allometric growth, indicating a higher increase of weight than length. The first sexual maturation of males occurred at smaller size, with 16.5 cm in total length than females (20.5 cm). During the reproductive period, the condition factor and gonadosomatic index (GSI) of L. piau were negatively correlated. This species has large oocytes with a high mean fecundity of 54.966 with synchronous oocyte development and total spawning

Avaliação ecotoxicológica de fármacos psicotrópicos e suas possíveis interações com nanomateriais usando embriões de peixe-zebra

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, 2016.

La construcción de un parque temático religioso como ciudad análoga. En: Avá, nº 20

Tierra Santa, es un parque temático dedicado a la religiosidad. Está situado en la ciudad de Buenos Aires, en un predio frente al río, en una amplia zona que entró en litigio con el gobierno municipal durante la presidencia de Fernando de la Rúa, cuando se impulsó una política de desalojo de las actividades comerciales gastronómicas allí instaladas desde hace décadas, con el fin de incorporar esta amplia zona costera como espacio verde de recreación y esparcimiento para la ciudad. El trabajo consiste en el análisis del emprendimiento, la formalización urbana, las teatralizaciones, el material gráfico y audiovisual, con la finalidad de dar cuenta de la incidencia de los procesos de construcción formal, sus significaciones y simbolizaciones

PARQUE PREFEITO LUIZ ROBERTO JÁBALI E O PROCESSO DE PRODUÇÃO DO ESPAÇO URBANO EM RIBEIRÃO PRETO-SP, BRASIL

Muitos parques têm sido implantados em diferentes cidades sob o discurso da qualidade ambiental e da qualidade de vida, expressando-se como monumentos que glorificam a natureza, proporcionam lazer à população e espaços “ambientalmente saudáveis” e protegidos, à cidade. Apresentam-se como ícones importantes da capacidade de gestão municipal, conferindo visibilidade a gestores e contribuindo na difusão da imagem da cidade. No entanto, como se demonstra neste trabalho, que privilegiou entrevistas, levantamentos bibliográficos e aerofotográficos, pesquisas de campo etc., os parques, implantados em áreas específicas na cidade, sob interesse do capital imobiliário, reorientam a produção do espaço, interferem no preço da terra e contribuem para a segregação socioespacial. A análise do processo de criação e implantação do Parque Prefeito Luiz Roberto Jábali, na cidade de Ribeirão Preto, Brasil, demonstrou que o parque representa um tipo de equipamento urbano, projetado e executado no plano político e econômico, voltado ao discurso da estética urbana e da conservação/preservação da natureza. Um equipamento urbano que altera a dinâmica de produção, reprodução do espaço e de valorização do lugar, como constatado em Ribeirão Preto, onde manobras políticas permitiram implantar o parque em área de antiga pedreira sob custeio público, contribuindo decisivamente na imediata valorização do seu entorno.

ESTRADA-PARQUE PANTANAL, MS, BRASIL: PAISAGENS RESSIGNIFICADAS, MODOS DE VIDA ALTERADOS

A Estrada-parque Pantanal é uma Área Especial de Interesse Turístico (AEIT), com 6.800 Km2. Foi a primeira estrada-parque do Brasil, implantada em 1992. Inicia na localidade “Buraco das Piranhas”, adentra a grande planície alagável do Pantanal Matogrossense, seguindo por 120 km até a “Curva do Leque”, próximo à cidade de Corumbá (MS), fronteira do Brasil com a Bolívia. A paisagem pantaneira - expressão do visível e importante elemento do espaço geográfico - é extremamente dinâmica em seus aspectos natural e social. O modo de vida de seus habitantes flui em consonância com o ambiente natural e com a pecuária extensiva de bovinos. Na região, com o advento do turismo desde as duas décadas passadas, a paisagem passa por processos de ressignificação e o modo de vida da gente pantaneira se altera para adequar-se às exigências do novo cenário. O objetivo deste estudo é levantar as principais ressignificações da paisagem natural e cultural da Estrada-parque Pantanal que interferem diretamente no modo de vida da população local. O levantamento se realiza por meio de observação da paisagem, além de entrevistas com a população local e usuários da Estrada-parque. O estudo se apoia nos estudos de Carl Sauer, Denis Cosgrove e Augustin Berque.

DEFINIÇÃO DE CRITÉRIOS PARA A DELIMITAÇÃO DA ZONA DE AMORTECIMENTO DE UM SETOR DO PARQUE ESTADUAL DA CANTAREIRA SECCIONADO PELA RODOVIA FERNÃO DIAS (BR- 381), SÃO PAULO, BRASIL

A delimitação da zona de amortecimento de um setor do Parque Estadual da Cantareira, seccionado pela rodovia Fernão Dias (BR-381), foi elaborado com base na integração dos estudos de uso da terra e fragilidade ambiental. Também foram utilizados os instrumentos de planejamento territorial e as legislações de cunhos ambiental e urbano incidentes na área de estudo. A Zona de Amortecimento engloba remanescentes florestais expressivos e áreas com reflorestamentos situados, predominantemente, em terrenos com Fragilidade Potencial Alta. De maneira geral, as áreas urbanizadas ou em processo de expansão urbana localizadas nos limites ou próximos ao Parque, foram incluídas na zona de amortecimento com o intuito de evitar o adensamento da ocupação e o parcelamento ainda maior do solo urbano. Quanto aos campos antrópicos/pastagem situados em áreas de preservação ambiental deverão ser promovidas medidas para a recuperação da vegetação nativa. As pedreiras ativas e os aterros sanitários foram mantidos na zona de amortecimento com o propósito de intensificar o controle de suas atividades altamente impactantes ao meio ambiente. Este trabalho procura desenvolver metodologia e estabelecer critérios ambientais e legais que possibilitam delimitar a zona de amortecimento de unidades de conservação, sobretudo aquelas sujeitas a pressões provocadas pela expansão urbana.