Stomach content records for pelagic fish (herring, mackerel, blue whiting, albacore and bluefin tuna) in the northeast Atlantic

Fish stomach content records extracted from the DAPSTOM 4.5 database (held at the UK Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science - CEFAS). Data collated as part of the EU Euro-Basin project and specifically concerning herring (Clupea harengus), mackerel (Scomber scombrus), blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou), albacore (Thunnus alalunga) and bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus). The data set consist of 20720 records - collected throughout the northeast Atlantic, between 1906 and 2011 - mostly during routine fisheries monitoring research cruises.

Nitrogen fixation and nitrogen gene abundance of METEOR cruises M77/3 and M77/4

Nitrogen fixation, the biological reduction of dinitrogen gas (N2) to ammonium (NH4+), is quantitatively the most important external source of new nitrogen (N) to the open ocean. Classically, the ecological niche of oceanic N2 fixers (diazotrophs) is ascribed to tropical oligotrophic surface waters, often depleted in fixed N, with a diazotrophic community dominated by cyanobacteria. Although this applies for large areas of the ocean, biogeochemical models and phylogenetic studies suggest that the oceanic diazotrophic niche may be much broader than previously considered, resulting in major implications for the global N-budget. Here, we report on the composition, distribution and abundance of nifH, the functional gene marker for N2 fixation. Our results show the presence of eight clades of diazotrophs in the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) off Peru. Although proteobacterial clades dominated overall, two clusters affiliated to spirochaeta and archaea were identified. N2 fixation was detected within OMZ waters and was stimulated by the addition of organic carbon sources supporting the view that non-phototrophic diazotrophs were actively fixing dinitrogen. The observed co-occurrence of key functional genes for N2 fixation, nitrification, anammox and denitrification suggests that a close spatial coupling of N-input and N-loss processes exists in the OMZ off Peru. The wide distribution of diazotrophs throughout the water column adds to the emerging view that the habitat of marine diazotrophs can be extended to low oxygen/high nitrate areas. Furthermore, our statistical analysis suggests that NO2- and PO43- are the major factors affecting diazotrophic distribution throughout the OMZ. In view of the predicted increase in ocean deoxygenation resulting from global warming, our findings indicate that the importance of OMZs as niches for N2 fixation may increase in the futur

Detrital layer thickness in 12 varved sediment cores in Lake Mondsee and related flood events AD1976-2005

A succession of 23 sub-millimetre to maximum 12-mm-thick, mostly flood-triggered detrital layers, deposited between 1976 and 2005, was analysed in 12 varved surface sediment cores from meso-scale peri-alpine Lake Mondsee applying microfacies and high-resolution micro X-ray fluorescence analyses. Detailed intrabasin comparison of these layers enabled identification of (i) different source areas of detrital sediments, (ii) flood-triggered sediment flux and local erosion events, and (iii) seasonal differences of suspended flood sediment distribution within the lake basin. Additional calibration of the detrital layer record with river discharge and precipitation data reveals different empirical thresholds for flood layer deposition for different parts of the basin. At proximal locations detrital layer deposition requires floods exceeding a daily discharge of 40 m**3/s, whereas at a location 2 km more distal an hourly discharge of 80 m**3/s and at least 2 days of discharge above 40 m**3/s are necessary. Furthermore, we observe a better correlation between layer thickness and flood amplitude in the depocentre than in distal and proximal areas of the basin. Although our results are partly site-specific, the applied dual calibration approach is suitable to precisely decipher flood layer formation processes and, thereby, improve the interpretation of long flood time series from lake sediments.

Carbonate sedimentation beneath the Carlifornia Current system

A north-south transect of 17 cores was constructed along the eastern boundary of the California Current system from 33° to 42°N to investigate the changes in biogenic sedimentation over the past 30 kyr. Percentages and mass accumulation rates of CaCO3, Corg, and biogenic opal were assembled at 500 to 1000 years/sample to provide relatively high resolution. Time-space maps reveal a complex pattern of changes that do not follow a simple glacial-interglacial two-mode model. Biogenic sedimentation shows responses that are sometimes time-transgressive and sometimes coeval, and most of the responses show more consistency within a limited geographic area than any temporal consistency. Reconstructed conditions during late oxygen isotope stage 3 were more like early Holocene conditions than any other time during the last 30 kyr. Coastal upwelling and productivity during oxygen isotope stage 3 were relatively strong along the central California margin but were weak along the northern California margin. Precipitation increased during the last glacial interval in the central California region, and the waters of the southern California margin had relatively low productivity. Productivity on the southern Oregon margin was relatively low at the beginning of the last glacial interval, but by about 20 ka, productivity in this area significantly increased. This change suggests that the center of the divergence of the West Wind Drift shifted south at this time. The end of the last glacial interval was characterized by increased productivity in the southern California margin and increased upwelling along the central California margin but upwelling remained weak along the northern California margin. A sudden (<300 years) decrease in CaCO3, Corg, and biogenic opal occurred at 13 ka. The changes suggest a major reorientation of the atmospheric circulation in the North Pacific and western North America and the establishment of a strong seasonality in the central California region. A carbonate preservation event occurred at 10 ka that appears to reflect the uptake of CO2 by the terrestrial biosphere as the northern latitudes were reforested following retreat of the glaciers. The Holocene has been a period of relatively high productivity in the southern California margin, relatively strong coastal upwelling along the central California margin, relatively weak upwelling along the northern California margin, and the northward migration of the divergence zone of the West Wind Drift.

The Evolution of the Los Negritos Porphyry Copper Deposit, Coquimbo, Chile: Geological, Geochronological, Mineralogical and Geochemical Evidence

The Los Negritos porphyry copper deposit is located ~ 4 km to the northeast of Carmen de Andacollo Mine in the Chilean Cretaceous metallogenic belt. The mineralization is hosted in andesite of the Quebrada Marquesa Formation and a series of at least four early to intramineral porphyry intrusive rock types: plagioclase quartz biotite porphyry (P1b and P1a dated at 109.60± 0.75 Ma and 107.22± 0.40 Ma); plagioclase biotite porphyry (P2: 106.30 ± 0.47 Ma); and quartz plagioclase biotite porphyry (P3: 106.19 ± 0.42 Ma). These units are cut by late‐ to post‐mineral plagioclase‐hornblende porphyritic rocks (P4b: 106.20 ± 0.69 Ma and P4a: 106.50 ± 0.68 Ma). The earliest intrusive units (P1) were affected by an initial stage of K‐feldspar‐biotite alteration, with chalcopyrite, molybdenite (date at 108.5 ± 0.5 Ma) and gold (up to 0.11 ppm), and the surrounding volcanic host rock was overprinted by chlorite‐epidote dominated (propylitic) alteration. Subsequent to the P2 and P3 intrusion, these rocks were affected by albite and then a second stage of potassic alteration. The Ti and Ba contents in hydrothermal biotite are notably lower (typically Ti = 0.100‐0.144 a.p.f.u. and Ba = 0.001‐0.005 a.p.f.u) than in magmatic ones (generally Ti = 0.186‐0.222 a.p.f.u. and Ba = 0.014‐0.023 a.p.f.u.), and constitute an excellent discriminant of the nature of biotite. These early stages of alteration were overprinted by copper‐molybdenum bearing chlorite‐sericite alteration at 106.60 ± 0.5 Ma (Re‐Os age in molybdenite) and by quartz‐sericite‐pyrite veins (phyllic), respectively in the southwest and northeast areas. The average temperature associated with these two alteration facies is estimated around 305 °C. Weak albite‐calcite alteration, spatially associated with sulfosalts and distributed along the margins of P3, overprinted the phyllic facies. The intrusive rock units at the Los Negritos and Carmen de Andacollo deposits are geochemically classified as diorite to granodiorite with a calc‐alkaline magmatic affinity, and formed in a volcanic arc setting from partial melting of a metasomatized mantle wedge. They are interpreted to be cogenetic, and related to a common long‐lived magma chamber that emplaced during a period of tectonic inversion known as the Subhercynian, Peruvian or Pacific event.

Psicodrama: cuerpo, espacio y tiempo hacia la libertad creadora

El Psicodrama, creado por Jacob Levy Moreno, es un método de abordaje del individuo, la familia, los grupos y la comunidad, que tuvo sus orígenes en el teatro, la sociología y la psicología. Desde su trabajo con niños y grupos marginales, su creador va gestando su teoría y su técnica. Se desarrolla en diferentes ámbitos: clínica, psicoterapia, pedagogía y comunidad. El cuerpo, el juego, el espacio y el tiempo confluyen de una manera poética y contribuyen a la libertad creadora y a la tan añorada espontaneidad. El Psicodrama se desarrolla en ese espacio transicional, que no siendo ni interno, ni externo, se transforma en ese espacio pluripotencial de infinitas posibilidades creadoras.

Investigation of the Nucleation and Growth of Colloidal Indium Phosphide: from Molecular Precursors to Semiconductor Nanocrystals through In37P20(O2CR)51 as a Magic-Size Intermediate

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Caractérisation du repliement en temps réel du riborégulateur adénine

Vers la fin des années 1990 et au début des années 2000, l’idée que l’ARN puisse interagir directement avec de petits métabolites pour contrôler l’expression de certains gènes devient de plus en plus acceptée. Des recherches menées à cette époque ont permis la découverte de plusieurs structures d’ARN hautement conservées nommées riborégulateurs. La structure de ces ARN leur permet de reconnaître spécifiquement un ligand. La reconnaissance du ligand entraîne ensuite un changement de conformation dans l’ARN responsable du contrôle de l’expression génétique. Le but de cette thèse est d’étudier la structure et les changements de conformation du riborégulateur associé au gène add liant l’adénine chez Vibrio vulnificus. Ce riborégulateur étant relativement simple, les informations recueillies lors de cette étude pourront servir à comprendre le fonctionnement de riborégulateurs plus complexes. Dans l’introduction, la découverte des riborégulateurs sera décrite en plus des caractéristiques particulières et de l’importance de ces ARN. Par la suite, quelques exemples démontrant l’importance des structures d’ARN seront abordés. Ensuite, les techniques de fluorescence utilisées pour étudier les structures d’ARN au cours de cette thèse seront présentées. Enfin, les recherches effectuées sur les riborégulateurs adénine seront détaillées afin d’aider le lecteur à bien comprendre le type de riborégulateur au centre de cette thèse. Le chapitre 1 traite du repliement de l’aptamère suite à la liaison avec l’adénine. Dans ce chapitre, il est démontré que l’aptamère peut adopter trois conformations. Une modification de la séquence de l’aptamère de type sauvage a permis d’isoler ces trois conformations. Il a ensuite été possible d’identifier les caractéristiques propres à chacun des états. Le chapitre 2 s’intéresse à une région précise du riborégulateur adénine. Dans ce chapitre, la conformation du cœur de l’aptamère est étudiée plus en profondeur. Il y est possible de constater que le repliement du cœur de l’aptamère influence l’interaction boucle-boucle en présence de magnésium et de ligand. De plus, la présence de ligand, en concentration suffisante, permet le repliement du cœur et favorise le rapprochement des tiges P2 et P3 dans un aptamère muté pour empêcher la formation de l’interaction boucle-boucle. Il semble donc que le repliement du cœur de l’aptamère influence la structure globale de l’aptamère. Finalement, les travaux présentés dans les chapitres 1 et 2 seront mis en contexte avec la littérature scientifique disponible. Cette discussion tentera de réconcilier certaines observations contradictoires. Il sera ensuite question de l’impact que les travaux présentés dans cette thèse peuvent avoir dans le domaine de l’ARN. Enfin, quelques études à réaliser en continuité avec ces travaux seront proposées.

Cultural influences on positive affect and reward processing in depressed youth

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-07

Emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero en el humedal natural El Madrigal

En la presente investigaci?n se estudi? la din?mica de la generaci?n y captura de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) en un humedal natural eutrofizado bajo condiciones tropicales denominado El Madrigal, ubicado en la vereda El Madrigal, del municipio de Riofr?o, Valle del Cauca. Con tal prop?sito se evalu? la variaci?n espacial de las emisiones de los GEI tales como metano (CH4), di?xido de carbono (CO2) y ?xido nitroso (N2O) y se estableci? su posible correlaci?n con par?metros de calidad de agua como pH, ox?geno disuelto, potencial de ?xido reducci?n, alcalinidad, fosfatos, nitratos entre otros y a su vez con el contenido de materia org?nica y nutrientes presente en los sedimentos. En este sentido, se determinaron y compararon las emisiones en cuatro puntos de muestreo establecidos en el humedal con caracter?sticas diferentes: P1 (Zona de intercambio de agua y sedimentos con R?o Cauca), P2 (Zona influenciada por actividades pisc?colas), P3 (Zona influenciada por vertimientos de aguas residuales y presencia de vegetaci?n) y P3A (Zona sin cobertura vegetal). En cada punto se realizaron mediciones de gases de efecto invernadero, par?metros in situ, calidad de agua y, sedimentos. Los valores de flux obtenidos evidenciaron que el humedal El Madrigal actu? como fuente y sumidero de gases de efecto invernadero durante todo el per?odo de muestreo. El punto P1 present? flux promedios de -1,96 ? 3,10 g.CH4.m-2 d-1; -0,12 ? 7,63 g.CO2.m-2 d-1 y 1,73 ? 5,75 mg.N2O.m-2 d-1. Para el caso del punto P2 se obtuvieron flux promedios de 0,898 ? 1,27 g.CH4.m-2 d-1; 1,03 ? 9,31 g.CO2.m-2 d-1 y -1,19 ? 5,08 mg.N2O.m-2 d-1. Por su parte el punto P3 evidenci? flux promedios de 3,08 ? 3,99 g.CH4.m-2 d-1; -2,74 ? 9,83 g.CO2.m-2 d-1 y 2,06 ? 5,20 mg.N2O.m-2 d-1. Por ?ltimo los flux promedios obtenidos para el punto P3A fueron 1,80 ? 6,89 g.CH4.m-2 d-1; 1,40 ? 8,40 g.CO2.m-2 d-1 y -1,24 ? 6,43 mg.N2O.m-2 d-1. Las pruebas estad?sticas indicaron que los flux de los gases de efecto invernadero estudiados presentaron una variaci?n espacial significativa entre los puntos muestreados. CH4 present? variaci?n entre los puntos P1, P2 y P3 (p<0.001 Mann-Whitney) y evidenci? similitudes entre los puntos P3A-P3 y P3A-P2 (p>0.05 Mann-Whitney). Para CO2 se evidenci? similitud para los flux obtenidos en los cuatro puntos (p>0.05 Mann-Whitney). Por su parte, para el ?xido nitroso tambi?n se present? un comportamiento similar en los cuatro puntos sin variaci?n significativa (p>0.05 Mann-Whitney). Con respecto a las relaciones entre los par?metros de calidad de agua, sedimentos y los flux de gases de efecto invernadero, se determin? que los par?metros con mayor influencia sobre la producci?n y consumo de CH4 CO2 y N2O fueron hierro f?rrico (Fe+3) Coeficiente Spearman = -73%), nitratos (NO3) (Coeficiente Spearman = -65%) y los nitritos (NO2) en sedimentos Coeficiente Spearman = 86%), respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio evidenciaron que la intervenci?n antr?pica contribuye al estado eutr?fico del ecosistema y este a su vez influencia la din?mica de producci?n y consumo de GEI favoreciendo el incremento en la generaci?n de estos, demandando medidas de manejo y control que permitan mitigar el impacto frente al cambio clim?tico

Attività scientifiche del progetto Développement des Interventions innovantes sur les cépages de Vignes autochtones pour l’INtégration italo-tunisienne – DIVIN (PS1.1.002)”

Il progetto DIVIN, finanziato dal Programma di Cooperazione Transfrontaliera Italia Tunisia, è coordinato dall'Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - IAMC-CNR (Bénéficiaire) UOS di Capo Granitola e coinvolge l' Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse – IBBR (P1) del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), il Centro di Biotecnologie di Borj - Cedria - CBBC (P2) L'Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Tunisie – INRAT (P3), La Direction Générale de la Production Agricole – DGPA (P4) e L’Associazione “Strada del vino Alcamo Doc” (P5). Il finanziamento complessivo è stato pari a € 674.107,06 e le attività si sono svolte a partire da novembre 2013 per concludersi a luglio 2016. Si è trattato di una prodigiosa opportunità per potenziare e valorizzare le eccellenze scientifiche in campo vitivinicolo e per consolidare la collaborazione tra Italia e Tunisia sulla produzione di vini di qualità e sul lancio di itinerari enoturistici che mettano in dialogo permanente le due sponde del mediterraneo. Il progetto, ha avuto la durata di 31 mesi e ha investito sullo sviluppo di ricerche e soluzioni tecnologiche per prevenire e curare le patologie della vite e per certificare e tracciare la qualità del vino prodotto in Italia e in Tunisia. I benefici del progetto hanno avuto ricadute anche su tutti i territori dell'area di cooperazione in quanto, nella parte finale del progetto, si sono sviluppate azioni di marketing congiunte per la creazione di un marchio d'area e l'ampliamento delle esperienze delle "strade del vino" per creare itinerari turistici tematici che colleghino le zone di produzione siciliane e quelle tunisine.

Sistema di gestione del progetto “Développement des Interventions innovantes sur les cépages de Vignes autochtones pour l’INtégration italo-tunisienne – DIVIN (PS1.1.002)"

dall'Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - IAMC-CNR (Bénéficiaire) UOS di Capo Granitola e coinvolge l' Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse – IBBR (P1) del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), il Centro di Biotecnologie di Borj - Cedria - CBBC (P2) L'Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Tunisie – INRAT (P3), La Direction Générale de la Production Agricole – DGPA (P4) e L’Associazione “Strada del vino Alcamo Doc” (P5). Il finanziamento complessivo è stato pari a € 674.107,06 e le attività si sono svolte a partire da novembre 2013 per concludersi a luglio 2016. Si è trattato di una prodigiosa opportunità per potenziare e valorizzare le eccellenze scientifiche in campo vitivinicolo e per consolidare la collaborazione tra Italia e Tunisia sulla produzione di vini di qualità e sul lancio di itinerari enoturistici che mettano in dialogo permanente le due sponde del mediterraneo. Il progetto, ha avuto la durata di 31 mesi e ha investito sullo sviluppo di ricerche e soluzioni tecnologiche per prevenire e curare le patologie della vite e per certificare e tracciare la qualità del vino prodotto in Italia e in Tunisia. I benefici del progetto hanno avuto ricadute anche su tutti i territori dell'area di cooperazione in quanto, nella parte finale del progetto, si sono sviluppate azioni di marketing congiunte per la creazione di un marchio d'area e l'ampliamento delle esperienze delle "strade del vino" per creare itinerari turistici tematici che colleghino le zone di produzione siciliane e quelle tunisine.

Sistema di comunicazione e disseminazione del progetto “Développement des Interventions innovantes sur les cépages de Vignes autochtones pour l’INtégration italo-tunisienne – DIVIN (PS1.1.002)”

Il progetto DIVIN, finanziato dal Programma di Cooperazione Transfrontaliera Italia Tunisia, è coordinato dall'Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino Costiero del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - IAMC-CNR (Bénéficiaire) UOS di Capo Granitola e coinvolge l' Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse – IBBR (P1) del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), il Centro di Biotecnologie di Borj - Cedria - CBBC (P2) L'Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Tunisie – INRAT (P3), La Direction Générale de la Production Agricole – DGPA (P4) e L’Associazione “Strada del vino Alcamo Doc” (P5). Il finanziamento complessivo è stato pari a € 674.107,06 e le attività si sono svolte a partire da novembre 2013 per concludersi a luglio 2016. Si è trattato di una prodigiosa opportunità per potenziare e valorizzare le eccellenze scientifiche in campo vitivinicolo e per consolidare la collaborazione tra Italia e Tunisia sulla produzione di vini di qualità e sul lancio di itinerari enoturistici che mettano in dialogo permanente le due sponde del mediterraneo. Il progetto, ha avuto la durata di 31 mesi e ha investito sullo sviluppo di ricerche e soluzioni tecnologiche per prevenire e curare le patologie della vite e per certificare e tracciare la qualità del vino prodotto in Italia e in Tunisia. I benefici del progetto hanno avuto ricadute anche su tutti i territori dell'area di cooperazione in quanto, nella parte finale del progetto, si sono sviluppate azioni di marketing congiunte per la creazione di un marchio d'area e l'ampliamento delle esperienze delle "strade del vino" per creare itinerari turistici tematici che colleghino le zone di produzione siciliane e quelle tunisine.

Avaliação espaço-temporal do zooplâncton da laguna estuarina de Guaraíras (RN, Brasil)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Avaliação do potencial de Tillandsia recurvata (L.) L., Bromeliaceae, como bioindicadora da poluição atmosférica urbana

Air pollution can threat the environment and public health, and is assess by pollutant ́s concentration measurements in order to verify whether the limits set by environmental agencies are being respected. However, these measures do not indicate immediately the impacts to living beings. To faced this problem, plants are been investigated as potential bioindicators of air pollution and, among them, stand out bromeliads Tillandsia genus which colonize various substrates,. obtaining water and nutrients from the atmosphere directly. In this context, this research assessed the potential of epiphytic bromeliad Tillandsia recurvata (L.) L. found in urbanized areas of the city of Curitiba - PR as a bioindicator of urban air pollution. According to vehicle traffic, five sample points were selected and classified. Points P1 and P2 were classified as high-traffic vehicle due presenting trucks and urban transport; point P3 was classified as moderate traffic due the predominance of private vehicles and urban transport; and points P4 and P5 were classified as low-traffic, presenting circulation of private vehicles only. There were analyzed the abundance of T. recurvata, morphophysiological parameters (leaf area, leaf specific area, sclerophylly index, percentage dry weight / fresh weight, chlorophyll (a + b), analysis of structural mesophyll organization) and the heavy metals accumulation (Fe, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn). The abundance analysis and the results obtained for metals analysis were correlated with the intensity of vehicular traffic, directing the sampling points P1 > P2 = P3 > P4 = P5. This result demonstrate that the abundance of T. recurvata is greater in urban air pollution impacted areas, thus indicating that T. recurvata absorbs and accumulates metals and can be used in biomonitoring of urban air pollution in areas impacted by vehicular traffic. Morphophysiological parameters analyzed shows that the internal plant ́s structure is not significantly impacted by urban air pollution due plant ́s adptations. The presence of absorbing scales, the CAM metabolism pathway and it ́s store water ability, among other features, demonstrate their potential as bio-indicator in urban areas, especially regarding heavy metals accumulation .