Characteristics of acoustic recordings of narwhals (Monodon monoceros) north of Disko Island, April 2007 and 2009

A total of 1,690 individual narwhal nonecholocation sounds were recorded over 5 h in 2007 and 2009. Each sound was classified as either tonal (FM) or pulsed (amplitude modulated). Omnipresent in all the recordings were the songs of bearded seals, Erignathus barbatus, which were often so loud and numerous that the lower frequency ranges of narwhal sounds could not be distinguished.

Distribution of planktonic foraminifers, d18O and d13C in Globigerinoides sacculifer as well as Cibicidoides kullenbergi at DSDP Holes 90-590A and 90-590B

High biogenic sedimentation rates in the late Neogene at DSDP Site 590 (1293 m) provide an exceptional opportunity to evaluate late Neogene (late Miocene to latest Pliocene) paleoceanography in waters transitional between temperate and warm-subtropical water masses. Oxygen and carbon isotope analyses and quantitative planktonic foraminiferal data have been used to interpret the late Neogene paleoceanographic evolution of this site. Faunal and isotopic data from Site 590 show a progression of paleoceanographic events between 6.7 and 4.3 Ma, during the latest Miocene and early Pliocene. First, a permanent depletion in both planktonic and benthic foraminiferal d13C, between 6.7 and 6.2 Ma, can be correlated to the globally recognized late Miocene carbon isotope shift. Second, a 0.5 per mil enrichment in benthic foraminiferal d18O between 5.6 and 4.7 Ma in the latest Miocene to early Pliocene corresponds to the latest Miocene oxygen isotopic enrichment at Site 284, located in temperate waters south of Site 590. This enrichment in d18O coincides with a time of cool surface waters, as is suggested by high frequencies of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma and low frequencies of the warmer-water planktonic foraminifers, as well as by an enrichment in planktonic foraminiferal d18O relative to the earlier Miocene. By 4.6 Ma, benthic foraminiferal d18O values become depleted and remain fairly stable until about 3.8 Ma. The early Pliocene (~4.3 to 3.2 Ma) is marked by a significant increase in biogenic sedimentation rates (37.7 to 83.3 m/m.y.). During this time, heaviest values in planktonic foraminiferal d18O are associated with a decrease in the gradient between surface and intermediate-water d13C and d18O, a 1.0 per mil depletion in the d13C of two species of planktonic foraminifers, and a mixture of warm and cool planktonic foraminiferal elements. These data suggest that localized upwelling at the Subtropical Divergence produced an increase in surface-water productivity during the early Pliocene. A two-step enrichment in benthic foraminiferal d18O occurs in the late Pliocene sequence at Site 590. A 0.3 per mil average enrichment at about 3.6 Ma is followed by a 0.5 per mil enrichment at 2.7 Ma. These two events can be correlated with the two-step isotopic enrichment associated with late Pliocene climatic instability and the initiation of Northern Hemisphere glaciation.

Sea ice habitat characteristics and number of narwhal (Monodon monoceros) sightings in Disko Bay, West Greenland

There is a paucity of information on abundance, densities, and habitat selection of narwhals Monodon monoceros in the offshore pack ice of Baffin Bay, West Greenland, despite the critical importance of winter foraging regions and considerable sea ice declines in the past decades. We conducted a double-platform visual aerial survey over a narwhal wintering ground to obtain pack ice densities and develop the first fully corrected abundance estimate using point conditional mark-recapture distance sampling. Continuous video recording and digital images taken along the trackline allowed for in situ quantification of winter narwhal habitat and for the estimation of fine-scale narwhal habitat selection and habitat-specific sighting probabilities. Abundance at the surface was estimated at 3484 (coefficient of variation [CV] = 0.46) including whales missed by observers. The fully corrected abundance of narwhals was 18 044 (CV = 0.46), or approximately one-quarter of the entire Baffin Bay population. The narwhal wintering ground surveyed (~9500 km**2) had 2.4 to 3.2% open water based on estimates from satellite imagery (NASA Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) and 1565 digital photographic images collected on the trackline. Thus, the ~18 000 narwhals had access to 233 km**2 of open water, resulting in an average density of ~77 narwhals/km**2 open water. Narwhal sighting probability near habitats with <10% or 10 to 50% open water was significantly higher than sighting probability in habitats with >50% open water, suggesting narwhals select optimal foraging areas in dense pack ice regardless of open water availability. This study provides the first quantitative ecological data on densities and habitat selection of narwhals in pack ice foraging regions that are rapidly being altered with climate change.

Geographic distribution of dinoflagellate cysts in surface sediments

Dinoflagellate cysts are useful for reconstructing upper water conditions. For adequate reconstructions detailed information is required about the relationship between modern day environmental conditions and the geographic distribution of cysts in sediments. This Atlas summarises the modern global distribution of 71 organicwalled dinoflagellate cyst species. The synthesis is based on the integration of literature sources together with data of 2405 globally distributed surface sediment samples that have been preparedwith a comparable methodology and taxonomy. The distribution patterns of individual cyst species are being comparedwith environmental factors that are knownto influence dinoflagellate growth, gamete production, encystment, excystment and preservation of their organic-walled cysts: surface water temperature, salinity, nitrate, phosphate, chlorophyll-a concentrations and bottom water oxygen concentrations. Graphs are provided for every species depicting the relationship between seasonal and annual variations of these parameters and the relative abundance of the species. Results have been compared with previously published records; an overview of the ecological significance as well as information about the seasonal production of each individual species is presented. The relationship between the cyst distribution and variation in the aforementioned environmental parameters was analysed by performing a canonical correspondence analysis. All tested variables showed a positive relationship on the 99% confidence level. Sea-surface temperature represents the parameter corresponding to the largest amount of variance within the dataset (40%) followed by nitrate, salinity, phosphate and bottom-water oxygen concentration, which correspond to 34%, 33%, 25% and 24% of the variance, respectively. Characterisations of selected environments as well as a discussion about how these factors could have influenced the final cyst yield in sediments are included.

1988 UM Women's Tennis Team

1989 UM Women's Tennis Team

University of Michigan Field Hockey Team, 1990

Back Row: Kalli Hose, Lynn Mittler, Hilary Hughes, Sandi Marotti, Keely Libby, Katie Thomas, Lelli Hose

Middle Row: assistant coach Meri Dembrow, Kristin Shaiper, Jennifer DiMascio, Shay Perry, Katie Allison, Katherine Epler, Katie Vignevic, head coach Patti Smith

Front Row: trainer J Peters, Josee, Charvet, Patricia Maran, Natasha Bach, Mary Peters, Mary Beth Bird,

University of Michigan Field Hockey Team, 1991

Front Row: Nancy Irvine, Katie Epler, Katie Vignevic, co-captain Kristin Shaiper, co-captain Katie Thomas, co-captain Sandie Marotti, Katie Allison, Shay Perry.

Back Row: assistant coach Meri Dembrow, athletic trainer Hank Handel, Jennifer DiMascio, Kalli Hose, Chrissie Johnson, Stacy Daly. Nicole Hoover, Keely Libby, Mary Beth Bird, Lelli Hose, Jenny Ridgely, head coach Patti Smith.

University of Michigan Women's Cross Country Team, 1992

Back Row: Jacqueline Concaugh, Jennifer Stuht, Jessica Kluge, Karen Harvey, Mayrie Richards, Kelly Chard, Courtney Babcock, Michelle Spannagel, Christie Wilson, Amy Parker, head coach Mike McGuire

Front Row: Kate Jackson, Chris Szabo, Kristin Wink, Molly McClimon, Amy Bucholz, Kristine Westerby, Jennifer Barber, Molly Lori, Katy Holbacher

1989/1990 UM Women's Basketball Team

Back Row: Joan Rieger, Trish Andrew, Val Hall, Michelle Hall, Torie Shaw, Jill VanStee

Middle Row: Tanya Powell, Carol Szczechowski, Nikki Beaudry, Leslie Spicer, Tempie Brown, Kristin Dierdorf

Front Row: Barb Loeher, Jen Nuanes, Stacy McCall, Leah Wooldridge, Char Durand,

UM Women's Soccer Team, 1996

First Row: Michele Brach, Debbie Flaherty.

Second Row: Ashley Marks, Amanda Gauthier, Stephanie McArdle, Alana Peters, Laura Fedrigo, Amber Berendowski, Karen Montgomery, Jaime Ross, Carrie Brady, Vanessa Lewis, Bethany Greenblatt, Jessica Limauro, Assistant Coach Scott Forrester.

Third Row: Trainer Ann Lighthill, Trainer Rex Thompson, Kristin Buckley, Kjersten Kuhlman, Kelly Lukasik, Mari Hoff, Emily Schmitt, Luren Glister, Jori Welchans, Jessica Jones, Marie Spaccarotella, Jen Stahl, Nicole Savage, Shannon Poole, Ruth Poulin, Assistant Coach Pete Kowall, Head Coach Debbie Belkin.